Results
of Operations
The
following table summarizes certain financial and operating data, including, as
applicable, the percentage of total revenue:
|
|
For
the Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
Statement
of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
manufacturing
|
|
$
|
206,882
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
224,602
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
269,030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial
services
|
|
|
3,699
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,335
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,002
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenue
|
|
|
210,581
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
227,937
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
272,032
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Cost
of sales
|
|
|
181,920
|
|
|
|
86.4
|
|
|
|
189,175
|
|
|
|
83.0
|
|
|
|
219,435
|
|
|
|
80.7
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
28,661
|
|
|
|
13.6
|
|
|
|
38,762
|
|
|
|
17.0
|
|
|
|
52,597
|
|
|
|
19.3
|
|
Selling,
general and administrative
|
|
|
37,409
|
|
|
|
17.8
|
|
|
|
38,607
|
|
|
|
16.9
|
|
|
|
40,284
|
|
|
|
14.8
|
|
Restructuring
and impairment charges
|
|
|
267
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
Operating
income (loss)
|
|
|
(9,015
|
)
|
|
|
(4.3
|
)
|
|
|
155
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
12,170
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Other
income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(712
|
)
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
(1,110
|
)
|
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
|
|
(1,314
|
)
|
|
|
(0.5
|
)
|
Other,
net
|
|
|
408
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
1,330
|
|
|
|
0.6
|
|
|
|
851
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
|
(304
|
)
|
|
|
(0.1
|
)
|
|
|
220
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
(463
|
)
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
Income
(loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity-method
investees
|
|
|
(9,319
|
)
|
|
|
(4.4
|
)
|
|
|
375
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
11,707
|
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Income
tax provision (benefit)
|
|
|
171
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
1,049
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
(32
|
)
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
Equity
in earnings of equity-method investees
|
|
|
971
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
805
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
775
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
Income
(loss) from continuing operations
|
|
|
(8,519
|
)
|
|
|
(4.0
|
)
|
|
|
131
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
12,514
|
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations, including tax benefit of $29 (2006)
and gain on disposal $439 (2005)
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
(1,599
|
)
|
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
Net
income (loss)
|
|
$
|
(8,519
|
)
|
|
|
(4.0
|
)%
|
|
$
|
172
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
%
|
|
$
|
10,915
|
|
|
|
4.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Summary Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
manufacturing:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floor
shipments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HUD-Code
|
|
|
7,378
|
|
|
|
91.0
|
%
|
|
|
8,261
|
|
|
|
90.8
|
%
|
|
|
10,648
|
|
|
|
94.3
|
%
|
Modular
|
|
|
729
|
|
|
|
9.0
|
|
|
|
840
|
|
|
|
9.2
|
|
|
|
641
|
|
|
|
5.7
|
|
Total
floor shipments
|
|
|
8,107
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
9,101
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
11,289
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
shipments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Single-section
|
|
|
1,460
|
|
|
|
30.7
|
%
|
|
|
1,669
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
%
|
|
|
3,201
|
|
|
|
44.3
|
%
|
Multi-section
|
|
|
3,300
|
|
|
|
69.3
|
|
|
|
3,678
|
|
|
|
68.8
|
|
|
|
3,941
|
|
|
|
54.5
|
|
Total
continuing
|
|
|
4,760
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
5,347
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
7,142
|
|
|
|
98.8
|
|
Discontinued
operations
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
Wholesale
home shipments
|
|
|
4,760
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
5,347
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
7,226
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
Shipments
to company-owned retail locations
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
(0.9
|
)
|
|
|
(157
|
)
|
|
|
(2.9
|
)
|
|
|
(188
|
)
|
|
|
(2.6
|
)
|
MEMA/FEMA
shipments
|
|
|
(358
|
)
|
|
|
(7.5
|
)
|
|
|
(419
|
)
|
|
|
(7.8
|
)
|
|
|
(2,219
|
)
|
|
|
(30.7
|
)
|
Shipments
to independent retailers
|
|
|
4,359
|
|
|
|
91.6
|
%
|
|
|
4,771
|
|
|
|
89.3
|
%
|
|
|
4,819
|
|
|
|
66.7
|
%
|
Retail
home shipments
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
0.9
|
|
|
|
169
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
196
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
Shipments
other than MEMA/FEMA
|
|
|
4,404
|
|
|
|
92.5
|
|
|
|
4,940
|
|
|
|
92.4
|
|
|
|
5,015
|
|
|
|
69.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Installment
loan purchases
|
|
$
|
54,818
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
42,916
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
42,235
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital
expenditures
|
|
$
|
2,177
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,410
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
manufacturing facilities (operating)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
Independent
exclusive dealer locations
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
Compared to 2006
Revenue
Total
revenue for 2007 was $210,581, decreasing $17,356, or 7.6%, from 2006 revenue of
$227,937. Home manufacturing net sales accounted for all the decrease, declining
to $206,882 from $224,602 in 2006. Home shipments from continuing operations
were 4,760 in 2007 as compared to 5,347 in 2006, decreasing 11.0%, with floor
shipments decreasing by 10.9%. Single-section home shipments, as a percentage of
total shipments, decreased slightly to 30.7% in 2007 from 31.2% in 2006. Home
shipments in 2007 included 358 single-section homes shipped to MEMA compared
with 419 single-section homes shipped to FEMA in 2006 as part of that agency’s
hurricane disaster relief. Our overall decline in sales is attributable to the
decline in industry wide wholesale home sales. Inventory of our product at all
retail locations decreased 3.1% to approximately $84,700 at December 31, 2007
from $87,400 at year end 2006.
Revenue
from our financial services segment increased for 2007 to $3,699 compared to
$3,335 in 2006. For 2007, we purchased contracts of $54,818 and sold installment
contracts totaling $53,347. In 2006, we purchased contracts of $42,916 and sold
installment contracts totaling $44,589. We do not generally retain the servicing
function and do not earn the interest income on these sold loans. The decrease
in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2007 is primarily due to our
decision to reduce installment contracts held for investment. On December 31,
2007, we completed the sale of $2,320 of this investment with cash received in
early January 2008. We expect to further reduce installment contracts held for
investment in 2008.
Gross
Profit
Gross
profit was $28,661 or 13.6% of total revenue for 2007, versus $38,762, or 17.0%
of total revenue in 2006. The $10,101 decrease in gross profit and 340 basis
points decrease in gross margin is due to a number of factors, including (i)
production inefficiencies in early 2007 on new product introductions and the
manufacturing complexities we experienced on the MEMA homes, (ii) the decrease
in units sold, and (iii) increased raw material prices. Our average wholesale
sales price per unit in 2007 increased to approximately $42,200 from $41,000 in
2006 due primarily to higher selling prices on the MEMA homes. Excluding
MEMA/FEMA home shipments, our average wholesale sales price per unit in 2007
decreased to approximately $41,100 from $41,800 in 2006. We experienced pricing
pressure on all petrochemical-based raw materials in 2007 and other steel and
copper related raw materials also continued to increase on a monthly basis,
which negatively impacted gross profit. In general, commodity materials remained
stable throughout the year.
Selling,
General and Administrative
Selling,
general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) during 2007 were $37,409, or
17.8% of total revenue, versus $38,607 or 16.9% of total revenue in 2006, a
decrease of $1,198 or 3.1%. We began detailed reviews in the last half of 2007
of our operating structure, manufacturing plants and spending. Two manufacturing
lines were closed (one line in Millen, Georgia at the end of the third quarter
and the Winfield, Alabama facility at the end of the fourth quarter). Personnel
headcount reductions, including early retirements, were implemented in December
2007 resulting in severance/termination charges totaling $578. The overall
decrease in SG&A included (1) a $1,600 decrease in salaries and employee
benefit costs (excluding the severance/termination charge), (2) a decrease of
$596 in advertising and sales promotions costs, primarily sales incentive
compensation, and (3) a decline in other general and administrative costs
totaling $708. These decreases were offset by an increase in general corporate
insurance of $1,025 due to a net decrease of $1,009 in retrospective liability
insurance credits. We expect SG&A to further decline in 2008.
Restructuring
and Impairment Charges
In
connection with the closure or consolidation of the two manufacturing lines
noted above, we recorded restructuring and impairment charges totaling $267 in
2007. Of this amount, restructuring charges of $176 relate to one-time employee
benefits recorded for employee terminations and impairment charges of $91 relate
to the write-down of idled equipment.
Operating
Income (Loss)
Operating
loss for 2007 was $9,015 compared to operating income of $155 in 2006. Segment
operating results were as follows: (1) Home manufacturing operating loss was
$6,194 in 2007 as compared to operating income of $3,765 in 2006. The decreased
home manufacturing operating income is due to lower revenue levels as a result
of an overall decline in industry shipments and reduced margins as discussed
above. (2) Financial services operating income was $972 in 2007 as compared to
$929 in 2006. The revenue increase from the financial services segment is the
primary factor for the increase in operating income. (3) General corporate
operating expense, which is not identifiable to a specific segment, decreased
from $4,539 in 2006 to $3,793 in 2007 primarily due to decreased salaries and
employee benefits and an overall decrease in other general and administrative
costs.
Other
Income (Expense)
Interest
expense decreased in 2007 to $712 from $1,110 in 2006 primarily due to lower
levels of borrowings. Additional principal payments during 2006 from proceeds of
sales of certain properties contributed to the overall decrease in interest
expense. Long-term debt decreased in 2007 by $1,226 from $5,738 to
$4,512.
Other,
net is comprised primarily of interest income (unrelated to financial services)
and gains related to cost-method investments. Other, net decreased $922 due to a
decrease in interest income earned in 2007 of $284 on lower invested
cash
balances,
a decrease in gains on cost-method investments of $388, and a loss of $250 on
the sale of net assets of two retail locations on March 30, 2007.
Income
Tax Provision (Benefit)
We
adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes
, (“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation
of FIN 48, we recognized an increase in the liability for unrecognized income
taxes payable of approximately $192, which was accounted for as a decrease to
the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings. See Note 10 to Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
We
recorded an income tax provision of $171 in 2007 that includes $66 for state
income taxes payable by certain subsidiaries, $16 of interest pursuant to the
provisions of FIN 48, and $89 for federal income taxes. As of December 31, 2007,
we maintained a valuation allowance of $17,783 against our deferred tax assets.
The valuation allowance may be reversed to income in future periods to the
extent that the related deferred income tax assets are realized or the valuation
allowance is otherwise no longer needed
.
In 2006,
we recorded an income tax provision from continuing operations of $1,049, which
included (1) a federal income tax benefit totaling $351 for carry back of the
2006 net operating loss to 2005, (2) state income taxes currently payable of
$71, (3) additional state income tax payable of $225 related to a state audit
that occurred in 2006, reduced by $153 accrued in a prior year, (4) an increase
in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets of $927, and (5) a deferred
income tax provision of $387 for normal operating activities, including
adjustments to state tax net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) (i) in one
state to increase the NOL as a result of the completion of that state’s audit
and (ii) in another state to reduce the NOL as a result of discussions we had
during the year with that state with regard to an NOL that had expired at the
end of 2006.
Equity
in Earnings of Equity-Method Investees
Our
equity in earnings of equity-method investees was $971 for 2007 as compared to
$805 for 2006. The income for 2007 includes a gain of $123 on the sale of our
ownership interest in one of the equity-method investees (WoodPerfect, Ltd.) to
a joint venture partner. See Note 14 to Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements for further discussion.
Net
Income (Loss)
Our net
loss for 2007 was $8,519, or $0.46 per diluted share, compared to net income of
$172, or $0.01 per diluted share, in 2006.
2006
Compared to 2005
Revenue
Total
revenue for 2006 was $227,937, decreasing $44,095, or 16.2%, from 2005 revenue
of $272,032. Home manufacturing net sales accounted for virtually the entire
decrease, declining to $224,602 from $269,030 in 2005. Home shipments from
continuing operations were 5,347 in 2006 as compared to 7,142 in 2005,
decreasing 25.1%, with floor shipments decreasing by 19.4%. Single-section home
shipments, as a percentage of total shipments, decreased to 31.2% in 2006 from
44.3% in 2005, primarily due to our participation in building single-section
homes as part of FEMA disaster relief for victims of the 2005 hurricanes, of
which 419 homes were shipped in 2006 compared to 2,219 homes in 2005. Of these
shipments, excluding FEMA units, 58% in 2006 and 70% in 2005 were to exclusive
dealers. We attribute the decrease in sales and shipments primarily to the FEMA
units shipped. Inventory of our product at all retail locations increased 23.1%
to approximately $87,400 at December 31, 2006 from $71,000 at year end
2005.
Revenue
from our financial services segment increased for 2006 to $3,335 compared to
$3,002 in 2005. For 2006, we purchased contracts of $42,916 and sold installment
contracts totaling $44,589. In 2005, we purchased contracts of $42,235 and sold
installment contracts totaling $34,625. The decrease in the installment loan
portfolio at December 31, 2006 is primarily from sales of outstanding loans at
December 31, 2005, including land/home loans, many of which are construction
loans. Included in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2006 is $5,457
of land/home loans. At December 31, 2005, our installment loan portfolio
included $6,972 of land/home loans.
Gross
Profit
Gross
profit was $38,762 or 17.0% of total revenue for 2006, versus $52,597, or 19.3%
of total revenue in 2005. The $13,835 decrease in gross profit and 230 basis
points decrease in gross margin is primarily the result of lower sales volume,
especially in the last half of the year, and increased raw material prices.
Gross profit was favorably impacted in 2005 by higher production levels of a
large number of homes with like specifications for the FEMA related orders,
primarily in the fourth quarter. We experienced price increases in substantially
all raw materials and overall commodity pricing pressures due in part to global
demand, capacity constraints and rising oil prices.
Selling,
General and Administrative
Selling,
general and administrative expenses during 2006 were $38,607, or 16.9%
of total revenue, versus
$40,284 or 14.8% of total revenue in 2005, a decrease of $1,677 or 4.2%. The
overall decrease included (1) a $1,554 decrease in insurance costs as a result
of a retrospective liability insurance credit of $1,300, (2) a $1,232 decrease
in salaries and incentive compensation attributable to a decrease in incentive
compensation on lower profits offset by an increase in overall salaries, and (3)
a $712 decrease in losses on our installment loan portfolio, including homes
repossessed. These net decreases were offset by a $2,044 increase in employee
benefit costs, primarily for health insurance expense on a higher level of
average employment during the year and an increase in health care costs per
employee. We adopted SFAS No. 123R effective as of January 1, 2006 using the
modified prospective method. Stock-based compensation totaling $235 was included
in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2006.
Restructuring
and Impairment Charges
No
restructuring or impairment charges were recorded in 2006. During 2005, we
recorded impairment charges of $143 to write-down property, plant and equipment
in connection with the valuation of a home manufacturing facility closed in a
prior year.
Operating
Income (Loss)
Operating
income for 2006 was $155 compared to $12,170 in 2005. Segment operating results
were as follows: (1) Home manufacturing operating income was $3,765 in 2006 as
compared to $17,862 in 2005. The decreased home manufacturing operating income
is primarily due to our participation in building single-section homes as part
of FEMA disaster relief in 2005 as discussed above and raw material price
increases. (2) Financial services operating income was $929 in 2006 as compared
to $34 in 2005. The slight revenue increase from the financial services segment
and the decrease in losses on our installment loan portfolio as discussed above
are the primary factors for the increase in operating income. (3) General
corporate operating expense, which is not identifiable to a specific segment,
decreased from $5,726 in 2005 to $4,539 in 2006 primarily due to decreased
incentive compensation costs.
Other
Income (Expense)
Interest
expense decreased in 2006 to $1,110 from $1,314 in 2005 primarily due to lower
levels of borrowings, including the March 2006 repayment of amounts outstanding
under the revolving line of credit of $17,750, which we borrowed in the fourth
quarter of 2005 to fund short term cash requirements to complete the FEMA order.
Additional principal payments during the year from proceeds of sales of certain
properties also reduced overall interest expense. Long-term debt decreased in
2006 by $3,391 from $9,129 to $5,738, which included scheduled payments of
$1,493 and additional principal payments of $1,898.
Other,
net is comprised primarily of interest income (unrelated to financial services)
and gains related to cost-method investments. Other, net increased $479 due to
an increase in interest income earned in 2006 of $162 and an increase in gains
on cost-method investments of $317.
Income
Tax Provision (Benefit)
As
discussed above, we recorded an income tax provision from continuing operations
of $1,049 for 2006 as compared to an income tax benefit of $32 for
2005.
We assess
the need for a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in accordance
with SFAS No. 109
.
Realization of deferred tax assets (net of recorded valuation allowances)
is largely dependent upon future profitable operations and future reversals of
existing taxable temporary differences. In assessing the need for a valuation
allowance, we consider all positive and negative evidence, including anticipated
operating results, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, and tax
planning strategies.
In 2006,
our assessment of the valuation allowance considered the following factors: (1)
our 2006 operating performance, which was significantly below previous
projections, (2) a 44 year industry low in 2006 for shipments of manufactured
housing with each quarter’s shipments lower than the previous quarter, (3)
projected shipments for 2007 that could be relatively flat compared to 2006
shipments, and (4) our lack of visibility with respect to our 2007 results. Due
to these factors, we recorded an adjustment to our valuation allowance to fully
reserve our deferred tax assets, which totaled $14,709 as of December 31,
2006.
In 2005,
as a result of continuing improvements in operating performance and projected
income and tax liability for 2006, we reversed a portion of the deferred tax
asset valuation allowance and realized $1,314 in deferred tax benefits. Because
we believed challenging industry conditions would persist in 2006, we further
believed that under the standards of SFAS No. 109 it was not appropriate to
record income tax benefits in excess of the benefit projected to be realized in
2006.
Equity
in Earnings of Equity-Method Investees
Our
equity in earnings of equity-method investees was $805 for 2006 as compared to
$775 for 2005.
Income
(Loss) from Discontinued Operations
In
February 2005, we announced our decision to close an underperforming home
manufacturing plant in Ft. Worth, Texas and subsequently sold the facility in
the second quarter of 2005. Income from discontinued operations totaled $41 in
2006, including an allocated tax benefit of $29.
The Ft.
Worth plant employed approximately 150 people, each of whom received a severance
benefit paid at the date the employee ceased rendering service. We recorded
involuntary termination benefits of $878 in 2005 and sold the Ft. Worth facility
in June 2005 realizing a gain of $439. These amounts are included in “Income
(loss) from discontinued operations” in the accompanying consolidated statements
of operations.
Net
Income
Our net
income for 2006 was $172 or $0.01 per diluted share, as compared to $10,915 or
$0.59 per diluted share in 2005.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
|
|
As
of December 31,
|
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
Cash,
cash equivalents, and certificates of deposit
|
|
$
|
22,043
|
|
|
$
|
25,967
|
|
|
$
|
14,379
|
|
Working
capital
|
|
$
|
20,906
|
|
|
$
|
25,347
|
|
|
$
|
24,216
|
|
Current
ratio
|
|
|
1.6
to 1
|
|
|
|
1.8
to 1
|
|
|
|
1.4
to 1
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
$
|
3,678
|
|
|
$
|
4,512
|
|
|
$
|
7,631
|
|
Ratio
of long-term debt to equity
|
|
|
0.1
to 1
|
|
|
|
0.1
to 1
|
|
|
|
0.1
to 1
|
|
Installment
loan portfolio
|
|
$
|
9,844
|
|
|
$
|
12,265
|
|
|
$
|
15,067
|
|
2007
Cash
decreased $3,924 to $22,043 at December 31, 2007 from $25,967 at December 31,
2006. Operating activities used net cash of $6,035 primarily due
to:
(a)
|
a
total of $6,278 due to the net loss excluding certain non-cash items,
including depreciation, provision for credit and accounts receivable
losses, stock-based compensation, loss on disposal of property, plant and
equipment, impairment charge and other, net (equity in earnings of
equity-method investees),
|
(b)
|
an
increase in accounts receivable of $723 due primarily to outstanding MEMA
invoices at year-end,
|
(c)
|
an
increase in inventory, net of the impact from the sale of two retail
locations in March 2007 totaling $522,
and
|
(d) the
net purchase of installment contracts of $506,
(e)
|
offset
by increases in accounts payable ($972), amounts payable under dealer
incentive programs ($578), accrued compensation and related withholdings
($155), and other assets and liabilities ($666), which generally represent
timing differences in payments.
|
Our
capital expenditures were $2,177 during 2007 primarily for normal property,
plant and equipment additions and replacements, including additions to improve
safety. The additions also include amounts under programs at one of our plants
to provide improved manufacturing techniques for modular products and to
increase overall productivity. We used $1,145 of cash related to notes and
installment contracts purchased for investments. Proceeds from the sale of
property, plant and equipment
totaled
$71. Cash provided by other investing activities represents cash distributions
from equity method investees of $784 and net proceeds from the sale of one
equity-method investment of $3,012.
The
decrease in long-term debt for 2007 was due to scheduled principal payments of
$1,226. Borrowings under our retail floor plan agreement were $1,200 in 2007. A
total of $1,793 outstanding under the retail floor plan agreement as of March
30, 2007 was assumed by the purchaser of two Alabama retail sales centers. As of
December 31, 2007, $510 was outstanding under the retail floor plan agreement.
Proceeds of stock options exercised generated cash of $50 in 2007.
Working
capital at year end decreased by $4,441 to $20,906.
The
decrease in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2007 is primarily
from our decision to reduce the level of loans held for investment. On December
31, 2007, we completed the sale of $2,320 of this investment with cash received
in early January 2008. We expect to further reduce installment contracts held
for investments in 2008. We expect to utilize cash on hand to fund future loan
purchases.
2006
Cash
increased $11,588 to $25,967 at December 31, 2006 from $14,379 at December 31,
2005. Operating activities provided net cash of $32,314 primarily due
to:
(a)
|
a
decrease in accounts receivable of $37,554 from collection of receivables
related to FEMA disaster relief
homes,
|
(b)
|
an
inventory decrease of $5,048, which represents finished homes we delivered
in early 2006 to FEMA, and
|
(c)
|
the
net purchase of installment contracts of
$1,925,
|
(d)
|
offset
by decreases in accounts payable ($4,073), amounts payable under dealer
incentive programs ($4,046), accrued compensation and related withholdings
($3,456), and other assets and liabilities ($3,505), all of which
decreased primarily as a result of the FEMA activity at the end of 2005
that did not recur in 2006.
|
Our
capital expenditures were $1,995 during 2006 primarily for normal property,
plant and equipment additions and replacements as well as capital expenditures
incurred in conjunction with reopening the Winfield, Alabama facility in 2005.
Additionally, we had $1,555 of proceeds from the sale of property, plant and
equipment, including the sale of a previously leased facility in Adrian,
Georgia. Cash provided by other investing activities represents cash
distributions from equity method investees of $622 and proceeds from the sale of
stock of a cost method investment totaling $495.
The
$17,750 we borrowed in the fourth quarter of 2005 under our revolving line of
credit to fund short term cash needs related to FEMA home shipments was repaid
in full in the first quarter of 2006. The decrease in long-term debt for 2006
was due to scheduled principal payments of $1,493 and $1,898 of additional
principal payments using proceeds from the property sale transaction mentioned
above. The borrowings under our retail floor plan agreement decreased $887 to
$1,103 at December 31, 2006 from $1,990 at December 31, 2005. Proceeds of stock
options exercised generated cash of $148 in 2006.
Working
capital at year end increased by $1,131 to $25,347.
The
decrease in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2006 is primarily
from sales of loans outstanding as of December 31, 2005, including land/home
loans. Included in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2006 was
$5,457 of land/home loans. At December 31, 2005, the Company had $6,972
land/home loans in its portfolio.
2005
Cash
decreased $17,295 from $31,674 at December 31, 2004 to $14,379 at December 31,
2005. Operating activities used net cash of $35,078 primarily due
to:
(a)
|
an
increase in accounts receivable of $35,173 due to shipments of FEMA
disaster relief homes,
|
(b)
|
an
inventory increase of $12,394, of which over $5,000 represents finished
homes we were unable to deliver to FEMA in the fourth quarter of 2005 with
most of the remaining inventory increase representing raw materials
purchased to support higher levels of
production,
|
(c)
|
the
net purchase of installment contracts of
$6,817,
|
(d)
|
a
slight offset of the above uses of cash by an increase of $3,526 in
accounts payable for increased inventory purchases,
and
|
(e)
|
an
offset by 2005 net income of
$10,915.
|
Receivables
from FEMA are generally outstanding for longer periods of time than our other
receivables. Of the $35,365 receivables outstanding under the FEMA contracts at
December 31, 2005, $28,746 was collected through March 9, 2006. Additionally,
subsequent to year-end all FEMA related homes were delivered.
Our
capital expenditures were $1,410 during 2005 primarily for normal property,
plant and equipment additions and replacements as well as $251 of capital
expenditures incurred in conjunction with reopening the Winfield, Alabama
facility. Additionally, we had $3,537 of proceeds from the sale of property
plant and equipment, which were primarily from the sale of the Ft. Worth
facility in the second quarter which were accounted for at year end as
discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of
operations.
During
2005, we paid out charges for involuntary termination benefits of $878 related
to the closing of the Ft. Worth, Texas home manufacturing facility.
The
decrease in long-term debt for 2005 was due to scheduled principal payments of
$1,626 and a $2,350 pay-down on the real estate term loan using a portion of the
proceeds from the sale of the Ft. Worth, Texas property mentioned above. During
the fourth quarter of 2005, we borrowed $17,750 under the revolving line of
credit in order to fund our short term cash needs required to fulfill the
outstanding FEMA order. During the first quarter of 2006, the line of credit
balance was paid in full. The borrowings under our retail floor plan agreement
increased to $1,990 by December 31, 2005 from $1,071 at December 31, 2004
primarily for the opening of a new retail location in the fourth quarter of
2004. Proceeds of stock options generated cash of $1,109 in 2005.
Working
capital as of December 31, 2005 improved by $11,249 to $24,216 due in part to
2005 net income.
The
increase in the installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2005 was primarily
due to a higher volume of land/home loans, many of which were construction
loans, for which the length of time involved in closing the sale transaction is
greater in comparison to a typical chattel (home only) loan. Included in the
installment loan portfolio at December 31, 2005 was $6,972 of land/home
loans.
General
Liquidity and Debt Agreements
Historically,
we have funded our operating activities with cash flows from operations
supplemented by available cash on hand and, when necessary, funds from our
Credit Facility. We also benefited from the proceeds of sales of idle facilities
as a replacement source of funds due to net operating losses. Currently, we have
two previously idled facilities that are being marketed for sale. In January
2008, we entered into an agreement to sell one of these facilities for $3,750
subject to the completion of due diligence by the buyer. This sale is currently
scheduled to close by the end of February 2008. We cannot predict whether, when
or at what amounts the remaining idle facilities may ultimately be
sold.
In June
2007, we entered into agreements to provide 500 homes to the Mississippi
Emergency Management Agency (“MEMA”) as part of that state's ongoing efforts to
provide permanent and semi-permanent housing for residents displaced by
Hurricane Katrina. In order to fund our short term cash needs required to
produce these homes, we amended our credit facility (the "Credit Facility") on
June 26, 2007 with our primary lender to increase the revolving line of credit
component during the period from June 1, 2007 through February 5, 2008 (the
"temporary advance period") from $25,000 to the lesser of $30,000 or the
collateral loan value as defined in the Credit Facility, effectively waiving
temporarily the tangible net worth requirement listed in the following
table.
Tangible
Net Worth (“TNW”)
|
|
Credit
Facility Available
|
Above
$50,000
|
|
35%
of TNW
|
$38,000
– $50,000
|
|
$15,000
|
$23,000
– $38,000
|
|
$15,000
to zero (dollar for dollar
reduction)
|
The
Credit Facility is comprised of (i) a revolving line of credit that provides for
borrowings (including letters of credit) up to $25,000 (increased to $30,000 as
noted above) and (ii) a real estate term loan with an initial term of 14 years,
which are cross-secured and cross-defaulted. The terms of the Credit Facility
were amended in February 2007 to, among other things, (i) extend the maturity
date to April 15, 2008, (ii) reduce the interest rate on borrowings if TNW
exceeded $62,000, (iii) increase the annual capital expenditure limit to
$5,000, and (iv) revise certain financial covenants as noted below.
At
December 31, 2007, $10,971 was available under the revolving line of credit
after deducting letters of credit of $4,895. We borrowed a total of $8,000 under
the revolving line of credit during the third quarter of 2007, which was repaid
in the fourth quarter of 2007. No amounts were outstanding under the revolving
line of credit as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.
The
applicable interest rates as of December 31, 2007 under the revolving line of
credit are based on certain levels of tangible net worth as noted in the
following table.
Tangible
Net Worth
|
|
Interest
Rate
|
above
$62,000
|
|
Prime
less 1.00%
|
$56,500
–
$62,000
|
|
Prime
|
$38,000
–
$56,500
|
|
Prime
plus 0.50%
|
below
$38,000
|
|
Prime
plus 1.00%
|
The
bank’s prime rate at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was 7.25% and 8.25%,
respectively.
A total
of $2,737 and $2,937 were outstanding at December 31, 2007 and December 31,
2006, respectively, under the real estate term loan agreement contained in the
Credit Facility. Interest on the term note is fixed for a period of five years
from issuance (September 2003) at 6.5% and may be adjusted at 5 and 10 years.
Amounts outstanding under the real estate term loan are collateralized by
certain plant facilities and equipment.
The
Credit Facility contains certain restrictive and financial covenants which,
among other things, limit our ability without the lender’s consent to (i) make
dividend payments and purchases of treasury stock in an aggregate amount which
exceeds 50% of consolidated net income for the two most recent years, (ii)
mortgage or pledge assets which exceed in the aggregate $1,000, (iii) incur
additional indebtedness, including lease obligations, which exceed in the
aggregate $1,000, excluding floor plan notes payable which cannot exceed $3,000
and (iv) make annual capital expenditures of $5,000 for the year ended December
31, 2007 and thereafter. In addition, the Credit Facility contains certain
financial covenants requiring us to maintain on a consolidated basis certain
defined levels of liabilities to tangible net worth ratio (not to exceed 2.5 to
1) and cash flow to debt service ratio of not less than 1.2 to 1 for the year
ended December 31, 2007 and thereafter, and to maintain a current ratio, as
defined, of at least 1.0 to 1 and consolidated tangible net worth of at least
$23,000. The Credit Facility also requires CIS to comply with certain specified
restrictions and financial covenants. We were not in compliance with the cash
flow to debt service ratio covenant for the year ended December 31, 2007, but we
obtained a waiver from our lender for noncompliance with this annually measured
covenant. We were in compliance with all other debt covenants as of December 31,
2007.
In
February 2008, subsequent to year-end, we further amended the terms of the
Credit Facility to, among other things, (i) extend the maturity date to April
2009, (ii) revise the amount available under the revolving credit line to
$17,500 and eliminate the tiered availability based on TNW shown above, (iii)
revise the interest rate as follows: TNW greater than $62,000 – prime less
0.50%; TNW from $56,500 to $62,000 – prime; TNW from $38,000 to $56,500 – prime
plus 0.75%; and TNW less than $38,000 – prime plus 1.25%, and (iv) modify
certain financial covenants as follows: maintain on a consolidated basis certain
defined levels of liabilities to tangible net worth ratio not to exceed 1.5 to
1; maintain a current ratio of at least 1.1 to 1;
maintain
minimum cash and cash equivalents of $5,000;
achieve an annual
cash flow to debt service ratio of not less than 1.35 to 1; and achieve an
annual minimum profitability of $100.
We have
amounts outstanding under Industrial Development Revenue Bond issues (“Bonds”)
which totaled $1,775 and $2,800 at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006,
respectively. One bond issue bearing interest at variable rates ranging from
5.0% to 5.25% will mature at various dates through April 2009; and a second bond
issue is payable in annual installments through 2013 with interest payable
monthly at a variable rate currently at 3.62% as determined by a remarketing
agent. The real estate term loan and the bonds are collateralized by
substantially all of our plant facilities and equipment.
We had
$510 and $1,103 of notes payable under a retail floor plan agreement at December
31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. The notes are collateralized by
certain Company-owned retail store’s new home inventories and bear interest
rates ranging from prime to prime plus 2.5% but not less than 6% based on the
age of the home.
Since its
inception, CIS has been restricted in the amount of loans it could purchase
based on underwriting standards, as well as the availability of working capital
and funds borrowed under its credit line with its primary lender. From time to
time, we evaluate the potential to sell all or a portion of our remaining
installment loan portfolio, in addition to the periodic sale of installment
contracts purchased by CIS in the future. CIS re-sells loans to other lenders
under various retail finance contracts. We believe the periodic sale of
installment contracts under these retail finance agreements will reduce
requirements for both working capital and borrowings, increase our liquidity,
reduce our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, and enhance our ability to
increase our volume of loan purchases. There can be no assurance, however, that
additional sales will be made under these agreements, or that we will be able to
realize the expected benefits from such agreements. At December 31, 2007, we
sold a portion of our portfolio held for investment totaling $2,320 with cash
settlement in early January 2008.
We
believe existing cash and funds available under the Credit Facility, together
with cash provided by operations, will be adequate to fund our operations and
plans for the next twelve months. However, there can be no assurances to this
effect. If it is not, or if we are unable to remain in compliance with our
covenants under our Credit Facility, we would seek to maintain or enhance our
liquidity position and capital resources through modifications to or waivers
under the Credit Facility, incurrence of additional short or long-term
indebtedness or other forms of financing, asset sales, restructuring of debt,
and/or the sale of equity or debt securities in public or private transactions,
the availability and terms of which will depend on various factors and market
and other conditions, some of which are beyond our control.
Cash to
be provided by operations in the coming year is largely dependent on sales
volume. Our manufactured homes are sold mainly through independent dealers who
generally rely on third-party lenders to provide floor plan financing for homes
purchased. In addition, third-party lenders generally provide consumer financing
for manufactured home purchases. Our sales depend in large part on the
availability and cost of financing for manufactured home purchasers and dealers
as well as our own retail locations. The availability and cost of such financing
is further dependent on the number of financial institutions participating in
the industry, the departure of financial institutions from the industry, the
financial institutions’ lending practices, the strength of the credit markets in
general, governmental policies, and other conditions, all of which are beyond
our control. Throughout the past nine years the industry has been impacted
significantly by reduced financing available at both the wholesale and retail
levels, with several lenders exiting the marketplace or limiting their
participation in the industry, coupled with more restrictive credit standards
and increased home repossessions which re-enter home distribution channels and
limit wholesale shipments of new homes. Unfavorable changes in these factors and
terms of financing in the industry may have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations or financial condition.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
Our
material off-balance sheet arrangements consist of repurchase obligations and
letters of credit. Each of these arrangements is discussed below under
Contractual Obligations and Commitments.
Contractual
Obligations and Commitments
(dollars in
thousands)
The
following table summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2007. For
additional information related to these obligations, see Notes 7 and 12 of Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements. This table excludes long-term obligations
for which there is no definite commitment period. Our debt consists primarily of
fixed rate debt. However, there is one bond that has a variable interest rate.
We estimated the interest payments due for this bond using 3.62%, the applicable
rate at December 31, 2007. We do not have any contractual purchase obligations,
and historically, have not entered into contracts committing us to purchase
specified quantities of materials or equipment.
|
|
Payments
Due by Period
|
Description
(a)
|
|
Total
|
|
Less
than 1 year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
4-5
years
|
|
After
5 years
|
Industrial
development revenue bond issues
|
|
$
|
1,775
|
|
|
$
|
620
|
|
|
$
|
890
|
|
|
$
|
265
|
|
|
$
|
--
|
|
Real
estate term loan
|
|
|
2,737
|
|
|
|
214
|
|
|
|
735
|
|
|
|
576
|
|
|
|
1,212
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
1,083
|
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
Operating
lease obligations
|
|
|
737
|
|
|
|
511
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
Total
contractual cash obligations
|
|
$
|
6,332
|
|
|
$
|
1,584
|
|
|
$
|
2,339
|
|
|
$
|
1,048
|
|
|
$
|
1,361
|
|
(a)
|
The
liability for uncertain tax positions, which totaled $247 at December 31,
2007, has been excluded from the above table because we are unable to
determine the periods in which these liabilities will be
paid.
|
The
following table summarizes our contingent commitments at December 31, 2007,
including contingent repurchase obligations and letters of credit. For
additional information related to these contingent obligations, see Note 12 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Critical Accounting Estimates
below. Contingent insurance plans’ retrospective premium adjustments are
excluded from this table as there is no definite expiration period (see Critical
Accounting Estimates below).
|
|
Payments
Due by Period
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Less
than 1 year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
4-5
years
|
|
After
5 years
|
Repurchase
obligations (1)
|
|
$
|
61,000
|
|
|
$
|
18,500
|
|
|
$
|
42,500
|
|
|
$
|
--
|
|
|
$
|
--
|
|
Letters
of credit (2)
|
|
|
4,895
|
|
|
|
4,895
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
Total
commitments
|
|
$
|
65,895
|
|
|
$
|
23,395
|
|
|
$
|
42,500
|
|
|
$
|
--
|
|
|
$
|
--
|
|
(1)
|
For
a complete description of the contingent repurchase obligation, see
Critical Accounting Estimates – Reserve for Repurchase Commitments.
Although the commitments outstanding at December 31, 2007 have a finite
life, these commitments are continually replaced as we continue to sell
our manufactured homes to dealers under repurchase and other recourse
agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floor
plan financing to dealers. The cost (net recoveries) of these contingent
repurchase obligations to us was $(181) (2007), $430 (2006) and $(696)
(2005). We have a reserve for repurchase commitments of $1,131 (2007) and
$1,513 (2006) based on prior experience and an evaluation of dealers’
financial conditions.
|
(2)
|
We
have provided letters of credit to providers of certain of our surety
bonds and insurance policies. While the current letters of credit have a
finite life, they are subject to renewal at different amounts based on the
requirements of the insurance carriers. The outstanding letters of credit
reduce amounts available under our Credit Facility. We have recorded
insurance expense based on anticipated losses related to these
policies.
|
Critical
Accounting Estimates
We follow
certain significant accounting policies when preparing our consolidated
financial statements as summarized in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements. The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and
notes. We evaluate these estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and use
historical experience factors, current economic conditions and various other
assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results
of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values
of assets and liabilities as well as identifying the accounting treatment with
respect to commitments and contingencies. Actual results could differ from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The following is a list of
the accounting policies that we believe are most important to the portrayal of
our financial condition and results of operations that require our most
difficult, complex or subjective judgments as a result of the need to make
estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently
uncertain.
Product
Warranties
We
provide the initial retail homebuyer a one-year limited warranty covering
defects in material or workmanship in home structure, plumbing and electrical
systems. We record a liability for estimated future warranty costs relating to
homes sold, based upon our assessment of historical experience factors and
current industry trends. Factors we use in the estimation of the warranty
liability include historical sales amounts and warranty costs related to homes
sold and any outstanding service work orders. We have a reserve for estimated
warranties of $11,720 (2007) and $11,900 (2006). Although we maintain reserves
for such claims, based on our assessments as described above, which to date have
been adequate, there can be no assurance that warranty expense levels will
remain at current levels or that such reserves will continue to be adequate. A
large number of warranty claims or per claim costs exceeding our current
warranty expense levels could have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations.
Insurance
Our
workers’ compensation, product liability and general liability insurance
coverages are generally provided under incurred loss, retrospectively rated
premium plans. Under these plans, we incur insurance expense based upon various
rates applied to current payroll costs and sales. Annually, such insurance
expense is adjusted by the carrier for loss experience factors subject to
minimum and maximum premium calculations. Refunds or additional premiums are
estimated and recorded when sufficiently reliable data is available. We were
contingently liable at December 31, 2007 for future retrospective premium
adjustments and recorded an estimated liability of approximately $4,274 (2007)
and $4,816 (2006) related to these contingent claims. Claims exceeding our
current expense levels could have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations.
Reserve
for Repurchase Commitments
Manufactured
housing companies customarily enter into repurchase agreements with lending
institutions, which provide wholesale floor plan financing to dealers. A
majority of our sales are made to dealers located primarily in the South Central
and South Atlantic regions of the United States pursuant to repurchase
agreements with lending institutions. These agreements generally provide that we
will repurchase our new products from the lending institutions in the event of
dealer default. Our risk of loss under repurchase agreements is reduced by the
following factors: (1) sales of our manufactured homes are spread over a
relatively large number of independent dealers, the largest of which accounted
for approximately 7.1% of sales in 2007, excluding MEMA/FEMA-related sales; (2)
the price that we are obligated to pay under such repurchase agreements declines
based on predetermined amounts over the period of the agreement (generally 9 to
24 months); and (3) we historically have been able to resell homes repurchased
from lenders.
We apply
FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 45,
Guarantor’s Accounting and
Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness to Others, an interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107
and a rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34
and SFAS No. 5,
Accounting for Contingencies
,
to account for our liability for repurchase commitments. Under the provisions of
FIN 45, issuance of a guarantee results in two different types of obligations:
(1) a non-contingent obligation to stand ready to perform under the repurchase
commitment (accounted for pursuant to FIN 45) and (2) a contingent obligation to
make future payments under the conditions of the repurchase commitment
(accounted for pursuant to SFAS No. 5). We review the retail dealers’ inventory
to estimate the amount of inventory subject to repurchase obligation which is
used to calculate (1) the fair value of the non-contingent obligation for
repurchase commitments and (2) the contingent liability based on historical
information available at the time. During the period in which a home is sold
(inception of a repurchase commitment), we record the greater of these two
calculations as a liability for repurchase commitments and as a reduction to
revenue.
(1)
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We
estimate the fair value of the non-contingent portion of our
manufacturer’s inventory repurchase commitment under the provisions of FIN
45 when a home is shipped to dealers whose floor plan financing includes
our repurchase commitment. The fair value of the inventory repurchase
agreement has been estimated on a “pooled dealer” approach based on the
creditworthiness of the independent dealers, as determined by the floor
plan institution, and is derived using an income approach. Specifically,
the fair value of the inventory repurchase agreement is determined by
calculating the net present value of the difference in (a) the interest
cost to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period
at the prevailing floor plan note interest rate and (b) the interest cost
to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the
interest rate of a similar type loan without a manufacturer’s repurchase
agreement in force.
|
(2)
|
We
estimate the contingent obligation to make future payments under our
manufacturer’s inventory repurchase commitment for the same pool of
commitments as used in the fair value calculation above and record the
greater of the two calculations. This SFAS No. 5 contingent obligation is
estimated using historical loss factors, including the frequency of
repurchases and the losses we experienced for repurchased
inventory.
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Additionally,
subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, we evaluate the
likelihood that we will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase
commitments. If it becomes probable that a dealer will default and a SFAS No. 5
loss reserve should be recorded, then such contingent liability is recorded
equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Based on identified changes in
dealers’ financial conditions, we evaluate the probability of default for the
group of dealers who are identified at an elevated risk of default and apply a
probability of default to the group, based on historical default rates. In this
default probability evaluation, we review repurchase notifications received from
floor plan sources and review our dealer inventory for expected repurchase
notifications based on various communications from the lenders and the dealers
as well as for dealers who, we believe, are experiencing financial difficulty.
Our repurchase commitments for the dealers in the category of elevated risk of
default are excluded from the pool of commitments used in both of the
calculations at (1) and (2) above. Changes in the reserve are recorded as an
adjustment to revenue.
Following
the inception of the commitment, the recorded reserve is reduced over the
repurchase period and is eliminated on the earlier of the date the dealer sells
the home or the commitment expires. The maximum amount for which we are
contingently liable under repurchase agreements approximated $61,000 and $62,000
at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We have a reserve for repurchase
commitments of $1,131 (2007) and $1,513 (2006).
Changes
in the level of retail inventories in the manufactured housing industry, either
up or down, can have a significant impact on our operating results. The
deterioration in the availability of retail financing experienced in recent
years, along with significant competition from repossessed homes, extended the
inventory adjustment period for excess industry retail inventory levels beyond
what was originally expected. If these trends were to continue, or if retail
demand were to significantly weaken, the inventory overhang could result in even
greater intense price competition, cause further pressure on profit margins
within the industry, and have a material adverse effect on us. The inventory of
Cavalier manufactured homes at all retail locations decreased 3.1% in 2007 from
2006 and increased 23% in 2006 from 2005. The changes in retail inventory, and
corresponding changes in repurchase commitments, have been impacted in the last
several years by the leveling of retail inventory with demand.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
As
discussed above, the manufactured housing industry has experienced an overall
market decline since the latter part of 1999. Due to the overall reduction in
units sold, we have idled, closed or sold manufactured housing facilities, a
portion of our insurance and premium finance business, a portion of our supply
operations and under-performing retail locations. We periodically evaluate the
carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used, including other
intangible assets, when events
and
circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of long-lived assets is
considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such assets
is less than our carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on
the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the
long-lived assets. Fair market value is determined primarily using the
anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved.
Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar
manner, except that the fair market values are based primarily on independent
appraisals and preliminary or definitive contractual arrangements less costs to
dispose. We recorded impairment charges totaling $91 in 2007 based on our
estimates of fair values for certain equipment idled in connection with the
closing of the Winfield, Alabama facility.
Deferred
Tax Asset
Realization
of deferred tax assets (net of recorded valuation allowances) is largely
dependent upon future profitable operations and future reversals of existing
taxable temporary differences. In 2005, we reversed a portion of the deferred
tax asset valuation allowance and realized $1,314 in deferred tax benefits as a
result of continued improvements in operating performance in that year and
projected income and tax liability for 2006. In 2006, we again reviewed
information available to us, including the decline in home shipments to a
44-year industry low, our anticipated operating results in 2007, scheduled
reversals of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies, and our view of
industry conditions. Based on this evaluation, we reestablished a full valuation
allowance against our deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2006 under the
standards of SFAS No. 109. We will continue to evaluate the need for a valuation
allowance in the future, which may be reversed to income in future periods to
the extent that the related deferred income tax assets are realized or the
valuation allowances are otherwise no longer required. As of December 31, 2007,
we maintained a valuation allowance of $17,783.
Related
Party Transactions
We
purchased raw materials of approximately $15,474, $14,698, and $21,586 from MSR
Forest Products, LLC during 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which is a
company in which we own a minority interest.
We
recorded net income of investees accounted for by the equity method of $971,
$805, and $775 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005,
respectively.
We used
the services of a law firm, Lowe, Mobley & Lowe, a partner of which, Mr.
John W Lowe, is one of our directors. We paid legal fees to this firm of $212
(2007), $292 (2006), and $414 (2005). In addition, this law firm received an
indirect legal fee payment of $74 in 2005 from the proceeds of the settlement of
one of our claims.
Impact
of Inflation
We
generally have been able to increase our selling prices to offset increased
costs, including the costs of raw materials. However, as the number of units
shipped by the manufactured housing industry continues to decline, downward
pressures on selling prices may not allow us to increase our selling prices to
cover any increases in costs. Sudden increases in costs as well as price
competition, however, can affect our ability to increase our selling prices. We
believe that the relatively moderate rate of inflation over the past several
years has not had a significant impact on our sales or profitability, but can
give no assurance that this trend will continue in the future.
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,
Fair Value Measurements
,
which defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and
expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157
does not require any new fair value measurements but rather eliminates
inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting pronouncements.
SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2007. Earlier adoption is permitted, provided the company has not yet issued
financial statements, including for interim periods, for that fiscal year. We
adopted SFAS No. 157 in the first quarter of 2008. We have determined that the
adoption of SFAS No. 157 will not have a material impact on our consolidated
statement of income or financial condition.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,
The Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities
. SFAS No. 159 allows companies to elect
to follow fair value accounting for certain financial assets and liabilities in
an effort to mitigate volatility in earnings without having to apply complex
hedge accounting provisions. SFAS No. 159 is applicable only to certain
financial instruments and is effective for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007. We have not yet completed our assessment of the impact,
if any, SFAS No. 159 will have on our financial condition, results of operations
or cash flows.