ErnieBilco
3月前
Strong 2025 results; Upgraded mid-term guidance; Multi-year share buyback announced
Significant progress in 2025 driven by our transformation programme, which has also allowed us to capture profitable end market growth
Underlying operating profit of £3.5bn with a margin of 17.3%, reflecting the impact of our strategic initiatives and commercial optimisation
Free cash flow of £3.3bn driven by strong operating profit and continued LTSA balance growth, supporting a net cash balance of £1.9bn at 31 December 2025
2026 guidance of £4.0bn-£4.2bn underlying operating profit and £3.6bn-£3.8bn free cash flow
Upgraded mid-term targets of £4.9bn-£5.2bn underlying operating profit, 18%-20% operating margin, £5.0bn-£5.3bn free cash flow, and 23%-26% return on capital based on a 2028 timeframe
Final dividend of 5.0p per share, taking the total dividend for 2025 to 9.5p; a 32% payout ratio of underlying profit after tax
£7bn - £9bn multi-year share buyback across 2026-2028 following completion of the £1bn share buyback in 2025
Tufan Erginbilgic, CEO said: “Our transformation continues with pace and intensity. We are consistently achieving outcomes that were not possible before our transformation. With our new capabilities and mindset, we have navigated challenges from supply chain to tariffs, and delivered a strong performance in 2025, all while we built the foundations for significant growth for years to come.
Based on our 2026 guidance, we expect to deliver underlying operating profit within the prior mid-term guidance range two years earlier than planned. Our upgraded mid-term targets include underlying operating profit of £4.9bn-£5.2bn and free cash flow of £5.0bn-£5.3bn. Beyond the mid-term we continue to see significant growth from existing businesses as well as from new business opportunities.
With a strong balance sheet, significant investment to support our long-term growth, and confidence in the future, we are announcing a £7bn-£9bn share buyback for 2026-2028 with £2.5bn to be completed this year.”
Full Year 2025 Group Results
£ million Underlying 20251 Underlying 20241 Statutory 2025 Statutory 2024
Revenue 20,059 17,848 21,207 18,909
Operating profit 3,462 2,464 4,468 2,906
Operating margin % 17.3% 13.8% 21.1% 15.4%
Profit before taxation 3,352 2,293 6,935 2,234
Basic earnings per share (pence) 2 29.55 20.29 69.41 30.05
Free cash flow 3,270 2,425
Return on Capital (%) 2,3 18.9% 13.8%
Net cash flow from operating activities 4,565 3,782
Net cash 1,895 475
1All underlying income statement commentary is provided on an organic basis unless otherwise stated. A reconciliation of alternative performance measures to their statutory equivalent is provided on pages 52 to 55
2In 2025, the Group recognised a £277m credit to underlying profit after tax (PAT) in respect of deferred tax assets on UK tax losses. This £277m credit has been adjusted in the calculation of earnings per share, the proposed dividend payout ratio, and return on capital. For further details, see note 5, page 33
3Adjusted return on capital is defined on page 55 and is abbreviated to return on capital
Full Year 2025 performance summary
Strategic delivery: 2025 has been another year of strong strategic and financial delivery with a significant improvement across all financial metrics. Over the past three years, our transformation programme has delivered a step-change in performance, with higher operating profit and free cash flow delivered alongside a doubling of capital expenditure, as we continue to transform Rolls-Royce into a high-performing, competitive, resilient, and growing business. Our actions have driven stronger financial performance despite an external environment that remains challenging, including supply chain constraints which we are actively managing.
Significant operating profit and margin growth: Underlying operating profit increased to £3.5bn in 2025 compared with £2.5bn in 2024, with an operating margin of 17.3% (2024: 13.8%). Civil Aerospace delivered an underlying operating margin of 20.5% (2024: 16.6%), driven by stronger large engine aftermarket performance, contractual margin improvements and higher spare engine profitability. Defence reported an underlying operating margin of 14.4% (2024: 14.2%), which reflects stronger performance across transport and combat, and the absence of a one-off benefit in submarines in the prior year. Power Systems delivered an operating margin of 17.4% (2024: 13.1%), driven by power generation, where we continue to capture profitable growth in data centres, and governmental. Across the Group, improved profitability was supported by our ongoing efficiency and simplification programme.
Sustainable free cash flow growth: Free cash flow of £3.3bn (2024: £2.4bn) was driven by strong operating profit, continued long-term service agreement (LTSA) balance growth, and a strong working capital performance offset by net investments. Civil Aerospace LTSA balance growth net of risk and revenue sharing arrangements (RRSAs) was £0.6bn (2024: £0.7bn), this was supported by 8% growth in large engine flying hours (EFH) and an improved EFH rate, partly offset by a higher number of shop visits and supply chain costs. Working capital was an inflow of £421m (2024: £280m), reflecting the continued benefits of our working capital initiatives. Net investments of £257m (2024: £282m) supported maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO) capacity growth in Civil Aerospace and additional capacity in Power Systems.
Building resilience: Net cash stood at £1.9bn at 31 December 2025 compared with £475m at the end of 2024, supported by continued strong cash flow delivery. Gross debt reduced to £2.8bn (2024: £3.6bn), as we repaid a $1bn bond in October from available cash, and lease liabilities stood at £1.5bn (2024: £1.6bn). Liquidity remained robust at £8.7bn (2024: £8.1bn), which included cash and cash equivalents of £6.2bn (2024: £5.6bn). Total underlying cash costs as a proportion of underlying gross margin (TCC/GM) further improved to 0.36x (2024: 0.47x), reflecting further cost discipline and operational efficiency. We are building a more resilient company with a less volatile free cash flow.
Growing shareholder returns: Reflecting strong strategic and financial progress and in line with our capital framework, we reinstated regular shareholder dividends in 2025 and completed a £1.0bn share buyback programme. This represented the first time that Rolls-Royce has paid a dividend in more than five years and the first buyback for 10 years. The final dividend for 2025 is 5.0p per share, taking the total dividend for 2025 to 9.5p, which represents a 32% payout ratio of underlying profit after tax. The final dividend will be paid subject to shareholder approval at our Annual General Meeting on 30 April 20261. Our strong balance sheet position, alongside our upgraded mid-term targets for operating profit and free cash flow, gives us confidence to announce our first multi-year buyback programme, totalling £7bn-£9bn across 2026 to 2028, of which £2.5bn will be completed in 2026, which includes the £200m that was completed between 2 January and 20 February 2026.
1The dividend will be paid on 3 June 2026 to ordinary shareholders on the register on 24 April 2026. In addition to the cash dividend, shareholders will be offered a dividend reinvestment plan. For further details, see note 7, page 34
Transformation programme and strategic initiatives
Our strategic framework is founded on four strategic pillars. We have made significant progress against each of these pillars over the past three years, including in 2025.
– Portfolio choices & partnerships:
CEZ Group completed strategic investments in Rolls-Royce SMR, alongside a commitment for up to six units in the Czech Republic.
We are continuing to expand our MRO capacity, which has supported a more than 50% increase in large engine shop visits over the past three years. In 2025, we added capacity in Derby, Dahlewitz, and Singapore. By the mid-term, we will increase our capacity by an additional 20% across the network to support long-term fleet growth. The Beijing Aero Engine Services Limited (BAESL) joint venture with Air China opened in December and will support up to 250 Trent XWB-84, Trent 1000, and Trent 700 overhauls per annum by the mid 2030s. In partnership with Turkish Technic, we announced the establishment of a state-of-the-art independent maintenance centre in Istanbul, targeted to be operational by the end of 2027, supporting up to 200 shop visits annually for Trent XWB-84, Trent XWB-97, and Trent 7000 engines.
The Pearl 700-powered Gulfstream G800 entered service in August. Certification for the Pearl 10X engine, which powers the Dassault Falcon 10X, is underway, with all engine certification tests successfully completed in 2025 and the on-going finalisation of the certification reports for the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is progressing to plan.
In Power Systems, testing of our next-generation engines for power generation and governmental applications is progressing to plan. This includes our next generation Series 4000 engine, to be released in 2028, which targets the data centre market with a significantly improved power density, alongside the development of an upgraded military engine.
We continue to invest in power generation, significantly increasing capacity in Germany and at our US sites in Aiken and Mankato to support growing demand, driven by data centres.
In Defence, testing of the AE 1107 and F130 engines, which will power the MV-75 (Future Long-Range Assault Aircraft) and B-52 aircraft, is progressing to plan. We are supporting the ramp-up of these programmes with significant investments in the US, which totalled around $1bn in Indianapolis alone over the past decade.
Rolls-Royce submarines, alongside Assystem, AtkinsRéalis, and Frazer-Nash, formed the Capability Assured Strategic Partnership, which brings together nuclear capability in the UK to support the Royal Navy’s submarines programme and the wider Defence Nuclear Enterprise.
In July, we completed the sale of our naval propulsors business to Fairbanks Morse Defense.
– Advantaged businesses & strategic initiatives:
In Civil Aerospace, we continued to increase the LTSA margins across our in-production widebody engines through improved commercial terms alongside operational improvements. As a result of our actions, the value of our LTSA contracts has increased significantly since 2022.
Our time on wing programme now targets more than a 100% increase in durability across our in-production Trent engines by the end of 2027, with more than half of this improvement now delivered. The increase compared to our previous target of more than 80% is primarily driven by further life extensions for the Trent XWB-84, where we have refined and accelerated our programme to extend critical part lives. The life extension programme for the Trent XWB-84 will be completed in 2026. Building on this, the recently introduced Trent XWB-84EP improves fuel efficiency by over 1% and improves time on wing for new engines. In June, the Trent 1000 XE phase one HPT blade improvement was certified and is being fitted to new and in-service engines. In December, the phase two HPT blade was certified for the Trent 1000 XE and Trent 7000 engines and will begin to be incorporated into new and in-service engines in 2026. Durability upgrades for the Trent XWB-97 made significant progress through material, component, and cyclic engine testing in 2025, with time on wing improvements remaining on track for completion by the end of 2027. We are continually seeking to improve the time on wing of all our engines. For example, we also delivered durability enhancements for the Trent 900 engine which will yield up to a 30% time on wing improvement.
In Power Systems, we are capturing profitable growth opportunities in power generation and governmental. In power generation, we announced a new fast-start gas generator product in October that will offer prime power for data centre customers who are awaiting grid connection, and which can later be switched to backup power generation once the data centre is connected to the grid. In governmental, we received a major order in December to supply more than 300 Leopard 2 engines.
In Defence, demand for our products remains robust and we secured major orders in 2025. In the first half of the year, we secured key aftermarket contracts worth more than £1.5bn with the UK MoD and US DoW covering EJ200 and AE 2100 engines. In the second half of the year, the Republic of Türkiye and the UK signed an agreement to export 20 British-built Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft, with an option for more in the future. In September, on the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), the international consortium announced a major expansion of their partnership to accelerate development of the power and propulsion system for the next-generation fighter aircraft.
– Efficiency & simplification:
Our efficiency and simplification programme has delivered £0.6bn of savings since the start of 2022, above our target of £0.5bn by the end of 2025.
We delivered £1.2bn of gross third-party procurement savings since the start of 2022, also above our target of £1.0bn by the end of 2025.
We are driving further efficiencies to support disciplined growth across the Group, including scaling up our Group Business Services (GBS) capabilities in India and Poland, alongside growing our digital capabilities and the continued implementation of zero-based budgeting.
We further improved our best-in-class TCC/GM ratio to 0.36x (2024: 0.47x), evidence of the continued strengthening of our competitive advantage and resilience.
– Lower carbon & digitally enabled businesses:
In June, Rolls-Royce SMR was chosen as the sole provider in the Great British Energy - Nuclear (GBE-N) small modular reactors (SMR) competition to build three SMR units in the UK. In November, it was confirmed that the Wylfa site on the coast of Ynys Môn (Anglesey) will host three Rolls-Royce SMRs, with this site capable of taking eight units. In the Czech Republic, work began at the Temelin site. In August, Rolls-Royce SMR advanced to the final stage of the Swedish competition to select a nuclear technology partner, with Vattenfall moving ahead with small nuclear options only.
We reached a key milestone with the launch of our AI platform, AiRR, with capabilities in generative and agentic AI. This sits at the core of our efforts to develop and deploy high-value AI capabilities across engineering, MRO, and the supply chain which are expected to reduce turnaround times and product and shop visit costs.
In Power Systems, demand for battery energy storage systems (BESS) remains high, with major orders across Europe, including a large order in Lithuania that will provide approximately 600MWh of capacity to the grid. We continue to advance lower carbon propulsion. In October, we conducted the world’s first successful test of a highspeed marine engine running on pure methanol, futureproofing our solutions for the marine sector.
Rolls-Royce, together with Xanadu and Riverlane, demonstrated state-of-the-art quantum computing algorithms which can reduce airflow simulation times from weeks to less than an hour. As quantum computing matures, this technology has the potential to reduce prototyping runtimes by up to 1,000-fold in certain applications.
These strategic initiatives are continuing to expand the earnings and cash potential of the business.
Outlook and 2026 guidance
We expect significant further progress in 2026.
2026 financial guidance
Underlying operating profit £4.0bn-£4.2bn
Free cash flow £3.6bn-£3.8bn
Our free cash flow guidance for full year 2026 includes a £150m-£200m cash impact related to the supply chain, similar to 2025, with parts availability improving but still constrained. We are actively managing these challenges and are working to mitigate the impacts.
In Civil Aerospace, we expect 2026 large EFH will grow to 115%-120% of 2019 levels, alongside 550-600 total OE deliveries and 1,480-1,550 total shop visits. Our 2026 free cash flow guidance is based on Civil Aerospace net LTSA balance growth broadly similar to the prior year (2025: £0.6bn). Additional details are included in the results presentation and supplementary data slides.
Results meeting and webcast
Our results presentation will be held at UBS, 5 Broadgate, London EC2M 2QS and webcast live at 09:00 (GMT) today. Attendance is by pre-registration only. Downloadable materials will also be available on the Investor Relations section of the Rolls-Royce website: https://www.rolls-royce.com/investors/results-reports-and-presentations/financial-results.aspx
To register for the webcast, including Q&A participation, please visit the following link:
https://app.webinar.net/jQRlpWE3moJ
Please use this same link to access the webcast replay which will be made available shortly after the event concludes. Photographs and broadcast-standard video are available at www.rolls-royce.com.
Enquiries:
Investors:
Media:
Jeremy Bragg +44 7795 840875 Richard Wray +44 7810 850055
Ruchi Malaiya +44 7900 189184
For retail shareholder queries, please contact governanceteam@rolls-royce.com.
Individual holders of ordinary shares can contact our Registrar, Equiniti for support with their shareholding. Contact details and FAQs are available on our website, www.rolls-royce.com/investors/investor-contacts.
The person responsible for arranging the release of this announcement on behalf of Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is
Claire-Marie O'Grady, Chief Governance Officer.
This results announcement contains forward-looking statements. Any statements that express forecasts, expectations and projections are not guarantees of future performance and will not be updated. By their nature, these statements involve risk and uncertainty, and a number of factors could cause material differences to the actual results or developments. This report is intended to provide information to shareholders, is not designed to be relied upon by any other party, or for any other purpose and Rolls-Royce Holdings plc and its directors accept no liability to any other person other than under English law.
ErnieBilco
10月前
ROLLS-ROYCE HOLDINGS PLC - 2025 Half Year Results
31 July 2025
Strong first half performance, demonstrating our transformation in action; FY25 guidance raised
-
Strong first half performance driven by continued progress in our multi-year transformation, despite challenges from the supply chain and tariffs
-
Underlying operating profit rose by 50% to £1.7bn with a margin of 19.1%, reflecting the impact of our strategic initiatives, operational effectiveness, and performance management
-
Free cash flow of £1.6bn driven by higher operating profit and continued LTSA balance growth
-
Full year 2025 guidance raised: we now expect £3.1bn-£3.2bn underlying operating profit and £3.0bn-£3.1bn free cash flow
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Growing resilience: Net cash balance stood at £1.1bn and TCC/GM ratio improved to 0.35x
-
Shareholder returns: An interim dividend of 4.5p per share to be paid in September; and, in addition, we completed £0.4bn of our planned £1bn share buyback programme for 2025 during the period
Tufan Erginbilgic, CEO said: "Our multi-year transformation continues to deliver. Our actions led to strong first half year results, despite the challenges of the supply chain and tariffs. We are continuing to expand the earnings and cash potential of Rolls-Royce.
We delivered continued strong operational and strategic progress in the first half of 2025. In Civil Aerospace, we achieved significant time on wing milestones and delivered improved aftermarket profitability. In Power Systems, where we now see further growth potential, we continued to capture profitable growth across data centres and governmental. In addition, Rolls-Royce SMR was selected as the sole provider of the UK's first small modular reactor programme. We expect Rolls-Royce SMR to be profitable and free cash flow positive by 2030.
A strong start to the year gives us confidence to raise our guidance for 2025. We now expect to deliver underlying operating profit of £3.1bn-£3.2bn and free cash flow of £3.0bn-£3.1bn. This builds further conviction in our mid-term targets, which include underlying operating profit of £3.6bn-£3.9bn and free cash flow of £4.2bn-£4.5bn. We see these targets as a milestone, not a destination, with substantial growth prospects beyond the mid-term."
Half Year 2025 Group Results
Underlying
H1 2025 1
Underlying
H1 2024 1
Statutory
H1 2025
Statutory
H1 2024
£ million
Revenue
9,057
8,182
9,490
8,861
Operating profit
1,733
1,149
2,074
1,646
Operating margin %
19.1%
14.0%
21.9%
18.6%
Profit before taxation
1,689
1,035
4,841
1,416
Basic earnings per share (pence) 2
15.74
8.95
52.38
13.71
Free cash flow
1,582
1,158
Return on capital (%) 2, 3
16.9%
13.8%
Net cash flow from operating activities
2,018
1,669
30 Jun 2025
31 Dec 2024
Net cash
1,084
475
1
All underlying income statement commentary is provided on an organic basis unless otherwise stated. A reconciliation of alternative performance measures to their statutory equivalent is provided on pages 43 to 46
2
In H1 2025, the Group recognised a £277m credit to underlying profit after tax (PAT) in respect of deferred tax assets on UK tax losses. This £277m credit has been adjusted in the calculation of the dividend per share, earnings per share and return on capital. For further details, see note 5, page 29
3
Adjusted Return on Capital is defined on page 46 and is abbreviated to return on capital
Half Year 2025 performance summary
· Strategic delivery: The first half of 2025 has been another period of strong strategic delivery, with significant year on year improvement across all key financial metrics. Driving this improvement were our strategic initiatives, including commercial optimisation and cost efficiency benefits. Strong financial performance was achieved despite an uncertain external environment, including continued supply chain challenges and tariffs. We expect to fully offset the impact of the announced tariffs through the mitigating actions we are taking. We are closely monitoring the potential indirect impact on economic growth, foreign exchange rates, and inflation and we will continue to take the necessary actions. We have seen some improvement in the supply chain, notably the availability of finished parts, helped by our actions, although we continue to see inflationary pressure in product costs.
· Significant operating profit and margin growth: Underlying operating profit was £1.7bn (H1 2024: £1.1bn) with an operating margin of 19.1% (H1 2024: 14.0%). The largest margin improvement was in Civil Aerospace, which delivered an operating margin of 24.9% (H1 2024: 18.0%). This was driven by strong large engine aftermarket performance, contractual margin improvements, and higher spare engine profit. Defence delivered an underlying operating margin of 15.4% (H1 2024: 15.5%), driven by improved performance in transport offset by the continued impact of supply chain challenges. Power Systems reported an operating margin of 15.3% (H1 2024: 10.3%), primarily driven by continued profitable growth in power generation, notably in data centres, and governmental. Across all divisions, our cost efficiency actions have helped to mitigate the impact of inflation.
· Sustainable free cash flow growth: Free cash flow was £1.6bn (H1 2024: £1.2bn), driven by strong operating profit and continued long-term service agreement (LTSA) balance growth. Civil net LTSA balance growth net of risk and revenue sharing agreements (RRSAs) of £472m (H1 2024: £544m) in the period was supported by higher large engine flying hours (EFH) at 109% of 2019 levels (H1 2024: 101%) and an improved EFH rate, partly offset by higher shop visit volumes. The actions we are taking to improve LTSA contracts are driving both higher margins and stronger cash flows.
· Building further resilience: As well as strengthening the balance sheet, we are delivering a more robust and less volatile free cash flow that is more resilient to the external environment. Net cash increased by £609m to £1.1bn (2024 FY: £475m). Gross debt stood at £3.5bn, of which $1.0bn matures in October 2025 and will be repaid from free cash flow, and lease liabilities were £1.4bn. Together with cash and cash equivalents of £6.0bn, we have a robust liquidity position of £8.5bn at 30 June 2025 (2024 FY: £8.1bn). In addition, total underlying cash costs as a proportion of underlying gross margin (TCC/GM) continued to improve to 0.35x (H1 2024: 0.49x).
· Growing shareholder returns: In line with our capital framework, we will pay an interim dividend per share of 4.5p in September1. We are making good progress with our £1bn share buyback programme for 2025, having completed £0.4bn by the end of June. Taken together, the 6p dividend per share in respect of the full year 2024, the interim dividend, and the share buyback will see us return £1.9bn to shareholders through 2025.
1
Further information on the dividend and the Company's Dividend Reinvestment Programme can be found in Note 7 to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, page 30
Transformation programme and strategic initiatives
Our strategic framework is founded on four strategic pillars. We continue to make strong progress against each of these pillars.
· Portfolio choices & partnerships:
o CEZ Group became a shareholder in Rolls-Royce SMR in March. Alongside a commitment to buy up to six Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), CEZ Group brings significant experience as a nuclear power plant operator with an established nuclear supply chain.
o Rolls-Royce and Turkish Technic announced plans to establish a state-of-the-art maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) facility at Istanbul Airport which will help address growing long-term aftermarket demand. This facility will be operational by the end of 2027, providing maintenance services for Trent XWB-84, Trent XWB-97, and Trent 7000 engines.
o In Power Systems, we are continuing to invest in our next generation engine that will offer higher power density, lower emissions, and improved fuel consumption compared to its peers, and will enter into service in 2028. We are also significantly upgrading our military engines, with higher power density, to capture growing demand.
o In July, we completed the sale of our naval propulsors business to Fairbanks Morse Defence (FMD) and we expect to close the sale of the naval handling business, also to FMD, at a later date.
· Advantaged businesses & strategic initiatives:
o In Civil Aerospace, we continue to drive for improved commercial terms and lower costs across our widebody and business aviation contracts, which will deliver a significant benefit to underlying operating profit and cash flow to the mid-term and beyond. All our original equipment (OE) contracts have now been successfully renegotiated. We have also now renegotiated the most significant onerous aftermarket contracts and expect to largely conclude the remainder through 2025 and 2026.
o Our time on wing programme, which will deliver more than an 80% improvement on average across modern Trent engines by 2027, is progressing well. We have now either delivered or secured more than half of the targeted improvement. A significant milestone achieved in the period, supporting this target, was on the Trent XWB-84 where the analysis of millions of hours of operating data will allow us to systematically raise the cycle limit of critical parts, and combined with a compressor blade modification, further increases the time on wing of this engine. The achievement of this milestone, combined with the renegotiations of onerous contracts, supported total gross contractual margin improvements of £402m in the period.
o In June, the improved high-pressure turbine (HPT) blade for the Trent 1000 TEN, that will more than double the time on wing of the engine, was certified. We remain on track to deliver improvements for the Trent 1000 and Trent 7000 that will deliver a further 30% time on wing benefit by the end of this year. In addition, the Airbus A350-900 powered by the new Trent XWB-84EP variant, which will improve fuel consumption by more than 1% relative to the baseline engine and deliver a further time on wing benefit, entered into service in May.
o In business aviation, the Pearl 700-powered Gulfstream G800 was certified by the FAA and EASA in April, ahead of the aircraft's entry into service later this year. On the Pearl 10X engine, for the Dassault Falcon 10X, we have successfully completed all major engine certification tests and will submit the certification reports to the regulators for approval.
o In Defence, we were awarded a £0.5bn five-year support contract with the UK Ministry of Defence for maintenance and service of the EJ200 engine that powers the UK Royal Air Force's Typhoon aircraft. We also secured orders for Trent 7000 engines for the new upgraded Airbus MRTT+ (multi role tanker transport plus) aircraft. In addition, we signed a sustainment contract worth £1.0bn with the US Air Force for the AE 2100 engines.
o In Power Systems, we have made focused investments in our production capacity in the US that will support continued data centre growth. Demand for our backup power generators for data centres remains very strong, and we now expect higher revenue growth, at around 20% per year to the mid-term in the power generation segment (previously 15%-17%). Our governmental business is also well positioned to capture the benefits from increased European defence spending. As a result, we now expect higher governmental revenue growth of 12%-14% per year to the mid-term, mainly driven by growth in land defence.
· Efficiency & Simplification:
o Our TCC/GM ratio further improved to 0.35x. This represents a best-in-class ratio and a competitive advantage as we transform Rolls-Royce into a more resilient business.
o We have delivered more than £450m of Efficiency & Simplification benefits since the start of 2022 and remain on track to deliver more than £500m by the end of this year. Our Efficiency & Simplification targets are supported by zero-based budgeting and our Group Business Services (GBS) strategy. GBS efficiencies are scaling up: we have opened a new GBS centre in Poland and are expanding our centre in India.
o We have delivered more than £850m of gross third-party cost savings since the start of 2022 which has helped to partially offset inflationary pressures, and we remain on track to deliver more than £1bn by the end of this year.
· Lower carbon & digitally enabled businesses:
o In June, Rolls-Royce SMR was chosen as the sole provider in the Great British Energy - Nuclear (GBEN) SMR competition to build three SMR units in the UK. Contractual terms are expected to be finalised in the fourth quarter of 2025, resulting in a two-stage contract that will see the first SMR connected to the grid by the mid-2030s. This project will start to generate revenues and profit from late 2025 onwards, with positive cash flows throughout. We expect Rolls-Royce SMR to be profitable and free cash flow positive by 2030. We continue to see significant international interest in Rolls-Royce SMRs, including in Sweden where we have been shortlisted as one of two potential SMR providers by Vattenfall.
o In Power Systems, our battery energy storage systems (BESS) business has won major orders, including for the Ignitis Group in Lithuania, which are supporting strong revenue growth and our ambition to achieve breakeven performance in the near-term.
o We are increasingly adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI) across the Group as part of our digital strategy. We are testing our own Generative AI platform for a variety of use cases including accelerating new product introductions and more efficient MRO processes. We are also working to provide greater transparency across our supply chain through digital, data and AI.
o Our Engine Health Monitoring (EHM) has moved to the cloud for key widebody and business aviation engines. This offers improved performance, scalability, and resilience as well as advanced AI capabilities that can be used for improvements in engine performance.
These strategic initiatives are continuing to expand the earnings and cash potential of the business.
Outlook and 2025 guidance
A strong first half delivery gives us confidence to raise our full year 2025 guidance, despite a challenging and uncertain external environment. This reflects the continued execution of our strategic initiatives, notably commercial optimisation and cost efficiencies.
2025 financial guidance
Updated
Previous
Underlying operating profit
£3.1bn-£3.2bn
£2.7bn-£2.9bn
Free cash flow
£3.0bn-£3.1bn
£2.7bn-£2.9bn
Operating profit guidance for the full year 2025 now stands at £3.1bn-£3.2bn. Compared to an operating profit of £1.7bn in the first half, we expect a slightly lower delivery in the second half of 2025 due to a lower contribution from net contractual margin improvements (H1 2025: £288m), an increased number of OE deliveries and higher MRO investment related costs in Civil Aerospace.
Free cash flow guidance for the full year 2025 now stands at £3.0bn-£3.1bn. We expect a slightly lower free cash flow in the second half compared to the first half of 2025. This reflects a slightly lower operating profit in the second half of the year, alongside an increased number of large engine major shop visits with a significant increase in Trent 1000 major shop visits. Investments across the Group will also be higher in the second half as we continue to support growth to the mid-term and beyond.
As guided in February, our free cash flow guidance for full year 2025 still includes a £150-200m cash impact related to the aerospace supply chain. Our actions have resulted in some improvements in parts availability across the supply chain. However, we anticipate challenges to persist through 2025 and 2026.
Our guidance assumes Civil net LTSA creditor growth at the low end of the range of £0.8bn-£1.2bn. In Civil Aerospace, we continue to expect large EFH in the range of 110-115% of 2019 levels and 1,400-1,500 total shop visits. We now expect total OE deliveries at the low end of the 540-570 range.
Mid-term targets
We are making good progress towards our mid-term targets, which were set in February 2025 and are based on a 2028 timeframe. These mid-term targets remain significantly underpinned by our actions, investments, and strategic initiatives, including the benefits of efficiency and simplification across the Group. The performance improvements that underpin these targets and the actions required to deliver them are owned across the Group and supported by rigorous performance management.
Mid-term targets (2028)
Group targets:
Underlying operating profit
£3.6bn-£3.9bn
Underlying operating margin
15%-17%
Free cash flow
£4.2bn-£4.5bn
Return on capital
18%-21%
Divisional margin targets:
Civil Aerospace
18%-20%
Defence
14%-16%
Power Systems
14%-16%
We continue to see our mid-term targets as a milestone, not a destination, and we see strong growth prospects beyond the mid-term across the Group.
Financial performance by business
£ million
Underlying revenue
Organic change 1
Underlying operating profit/(loss)
Organic change 1
Underlying operating margin
Organic margin change 1
Civil Aerospace
4,786
17%
1,193
63%
24.9%
7.1pt
Defence
2,223
1%
342
0%
15.4%
(0.2)pt
Power Systems
2,042
20%
313
89%
15.3%
5.6pt
All Other Businesses 2
6
nm 3
(78)
nm 3
nm 3
nm 3
Corporate/eliminations
-
nm 3
(37)
6%
nm 3
nm 3
Total
9,057
13%
1,733
50%
19.1%
4.9pt
Trading cash flow
£ million
H1 2025
H1 2024
Civil Aerospace
1,111
1,038
Defence
327
234
Power Systems
425
121
All Other Businesses 2
17
(71)
Corporate/eliminations
(33)
(33)
Total trading cash flow
1,847
1,289
Underlying operating profit charge exceeded by contributions to defined benefit schemes
(6)
(18)
Taxation
(259)
(113)
Total free cash flow
1,582
1,158
1
Organic change is the measure of change at constant translational currency applying full year 2024 average rates to 2024 and 2025 and excludes M&A and business closures. All underlying income statement commentary is provided on an organic basis unless otherwise stated
2
All Other Businesses include the financial results of Rolls-Royce SMR (also referred to as Rolls-Royce SMR Limited), electrical power solutions and the UK Civil Nuclear business (see note 2 for further details)
3
nm is defined as not meaningful
Civil Aerospace
H1 2025 key Civil Aerospace operational metrics:
Large engine
Business aviation/ regional
Total
Change
OE deliveries
122
115
237
1
LTSA engine flying hours (millions)
8.1
1.5
9.6
0.6
Total LTSA shop visits
494
202
696
72
…of which major shop visits
217
189
406
12
Significantly improved Civil Aerospace operating profit reflects strong large engine aftermarket performance, across both LTSA and time and materials, net contractual margin improvements, and higher spare engine profit.
In the first half of 2025, a total of 349 large engines were ordered (H1 2024: 273) with a gross book-to-bill of 2.9x (H1 2024: 2.3x). The Trent XWB-97 and Trent 7000 were our bestselling engines in the period, with 163 and 148 orders, respectively. Significant new orders included Riyadh Air, Vietjet Air, STARLUX and AviLease. As a result of strong order inflow, our large engine order book increased by 12% and now stands at 2,056 engines at the end of June 2025.
Total OE deliveries of 237 engines were broadly similar to the prior period (H1 2024: 236), with 115 business aviation deliveries (H1 2024: 116) and 122 total large engine deliveries (H1 2024: 120). In the first half of 2025 we delivered 23 large spare engines (H1 2024: 21), which represented 19% of total large engine deliveries (H1 2024: 18%). Total shop visits increased by 12% versus the prior period to 696 (H1 2024: 624); of these 217 were large engine major shop visits (H1 2024: 195).
Underlying revenue of £4.8bn increased 17%, driven by higher shop visit volumes and commercial optimisation. Underlying OE revenue grew by 12% in the period to £1.5bn and services revenue grew by 19% to £3.3bn. LTSA revenue catch-ups were £126m (H1 2024: £258m).
Underlying operating profit was £1.2bn (24.9% margin) versus £740m in H1 2024 (18.0% margin). The significant increase in operating profit was driven by stronger large engine aftermarket performance, with higher LTSA volumes and margins alongside increased time and materials profit, a larger contribution from contractual margin improvements, and improved spare engine profits.
Our efforts to improve the commercial terms and reduce costs across our large engine and business aviation contracts supported gross contractual margin improvements of £402m. These were primarily driven by the continued successful renegotiation of onerous contracts in the period, alongside the achievement of key time on wing milestones on the Trent XWB-84.
These benefits were partially offset by £114m of additional charges associated with the impact of prolonged supply chain challenges, which were booked across onerous provisions and contract catch-ups. As a result, net contractual margin improvements were £288m (H1 2024: £223m), comprising contract catch-ups of £107m (H1 2024: £216m) and onerous provision releases of £181m (H1 2024: £7m).
Trading cash flow of £1.1bn was slightly higher than the prior period (H1 2024: £1.0bn). Cash flow in the period was largely driven by operating profit alongside continued net LTSA balance growth. LTSA balance growth net of RRSAs of £472m (H1 2024: £544m) was supported by continued EFH growth, a higher normalised EFH rate due to our commercial actions, with LTSA invoiced flying hour receipts of £3.0bn (H1 2024: £2.9bn). This was offset by an increased number of shop visits. Large EFH rose by 8% versus the prior period to 109% of 2019 levels, driven primarily by new aircraft deliveries. Business aviation and regional EFH were broadly unchanged in the period.
Defence
Operating profit was similar to the prior period, with improved performance in transport offset by the absence of a one-off benefit in submarines and the impact of continued supply chain challenges.
Demand remains high, with an order intake of £4.0bn and a book-to-bill ratio of 1.8x. Combat and transport order intake was particularly strong, and with improved profitability. Order backlog now stands at £18.8bn, equivalent to around four years of revenue, with order cover approaching 100% for the remainder of 2025.
Revenues of £2.2bn were flat compared to the prior period1. Transport revenues grew by 29%, with strong growth across both OE and aftermarket. This was offset by lower submarines revenues1, which fell by 19% due to the absence of a one-off benefit in the prior period of £180m. Key milestones in the period included the first engine delivery for the MQ-25 programme and the first MV-75 FLRAA engine entering development testing.
Operating profit was £342m (15.4% margin) compared to £345m (15.5% margin) in the prior period. This reflects improved performance in transport, across both OE and aftermarket, offset by the absence of the submarines one-off benefit in the prior period and the continued impact of supply chain constraints, notably in naval.
Trading cash flow was £327m compared to £234m in the prior period, with a similar operating profit alongside an improved working capital performance.
Power Systems
In Power Systems, significantly improved operating profit and margins primarily reflects profitable growth in both power generation, driven by data centres, and governmental.
Order intake was £2.9bn with a book-to-bill ratio of 1.4x. This represents a 32% increase compared to the prior period, driven by strong power generation demand where order intake rose by 68%, which included an 85% year on year increase in data centre orders. As a result of strong order intake, the order backlog now stands at a record level, with OE order coverage of 100% for the remainder of 2025 and 43% for 2026. Order coverage ratios are high relative to history, with increased coverage in both power generation and governmental.
Underlying revenue was £2.0bn, an increase of 20% versus the prior period. Power generation revenue growth was 26%, including data centre revenue growth of 45%. Governmental revenue growth was 19%, driven by higher demand in land defence and services. Underlying OE revenues grew by 21% to £1.4bn. Underlying services revenue grew by 17% to £661m.
Underlying operating profit grew by 89% to £313m. Underlying operating margin rose by 5.6pts to 15.3% (H1 2024: 10.3%). The increase in underlying operating profit reflects profitable growth in power generation, driven by data centres, governmental growth, and improved BESS profitability.
Trading cash flow was £425m with a conversion ratio of 136% versus £121m and 64% last year. The increase in trading cash flow was mainly due to higher operating profit alongside an improved working capital performance, reflecting the benefits or our working capital initiatives alongside some timing benefits associated with customer advances in H1 2025.
1
Defence revenues in H1 2024 included a £180m benefit of a one-off capital and lease transaction. Excluding this, Defence revenues in H1 2025 grew 10%, submarine revenues grew 6%
Statutory and underlying Group financial performance
H1 2025
H1 2024
£ million
Statutory
Impact of hedge book1
Impact of acquisition accounting
Impact of other non-underlying items
Underlying
Underlying
Revenue
9,490
(433)
-
-
9,057
8,182
Gross profit
2,927
(102)
7
(260)
2,572
1,977
Operating profit
2,074
(102)
8
(247)
1,733
1,149
Gain arising on disposal of businesses
679
-
-
(679)
-
-
Profit before financing and taxation
2,753
(102)
8
(926)
1,733
1,149
Net financing income/(costs)
2,088
(2,163)
-
31
(44)
(114)
Profit before taxation
4,841
(2,265)
8
(895)
1,689
1,035
Taxation
(433)
572
(2)
(230)
(93)
(298)
Profit for the period
4,408
(1,693)
6
(1,125)
1,596
737
Basic earnings per share (pence) 2
52.38
15.74
8.95
Revenue: Underlying revenue of £9.1bn was up 13%, with strong growth in Civil Aerospace and Power Systems. Statutory revenue of £9.5bn was 7% higher compared with the prior period. The difference between statutory and underlying revenue is driven by statutory revenue being measured at average prevailing exchange rates (H1 2025: GBP:USD 1.30; H1 2024: GBP:USD 1.27) and underlying revenue being measured at the hedge book achieved rate during the period (H1 2025 GBP:USD 1.44; H1 2024:GBP:USD 1.48).
Operating profit: Underlying operating profit of £1.7bn (19.1% margin) versus £1.1bn (14.0% margin) in the prior period. The largest increase in underlying operating profit was in Civil Aerospace, driven by strong large engine aftermarket performance, contractual margin improvements and higher spare engine profit. Power Systems delivered significantly higher profit as a result of continued profitable growth in power generation, notably in data centres, and governmental. Statutory operating profit was £2.1bn, higher than the £1.7bn underlying operating profit due to a £102m negative impact from currency hedges in the underlying results, and items excluded from the underlying results, being: £8m relating to the amortisation of intangible assets arising on previous acquisitions; £247m of other non-underlying items comprising a £185m impairment reversal related to a Civil Aerospace programme asset impairment previously recorded, £83m onerous provision release, and charges relating to transformation and restructuring costs of £21m.
Gain arising on disposal of businesses: During the period, CEZ Group made a strategic investment into Rolls-Royce SMR. As a result, Rolls-Royce SMR was deconsolidated as it transitioned from a subsidiary to an equity-accounted investment, resulting in a profit on disposal of the subsidiary of £679m.
Profit before taxation: Underlying profit before taxation of £1.7bn included £(44)m net financing costs comprising £147m interest receivable, £(125)m interest payable and £(66)m of other financing charges and costs of undrawn facilities. Statutory profit before tax of £4.8bn included £1.6bn net fair value gains on derivative contracts, net foreign exchange gains of £529m, £(64)m other financing charges, costs of undrawn facilities and pension scheme financing and £(11)m net interest payable.
Taxation: Underlying tax charge of £(93)m (H1 2024: £(298)m) reflects an overall tax charge on profits of Group companies, offset by a tax credit of £31m relating to utilisation of a previously unrecognised deferred tax asset on UK tax losses against profits in the period, and a further £277m relating to recognition of a previously unrecognised deferred tax asset on UK tax losses. These are reflected in the statutory tax charge of £(433)m (H1 2024: £(280)m) which also includes a further tax credit of £286m on recognition of a previously unrecognised deferred tax asset on UK tax losses, a £170m tax credit relating to the deconsolidation of Rolls-Royce SMR from the Group, and a £13m tax credit relating to other non-underlying items.
1
Reflecting the impact of measuring revenue and costs at the average exchange rate during the period and the valuation of assets and liabilities using the period end exchange rate rather than the rate achieved on settled foreign exchange contracts in the period or the rate expected to be achieved by the use of the hedge book
2
In H1 2025, the underlying profit attributable to ordinary shareholders has been adjusted for the one-off non-cash impact of £277m related to the recognition of deferred tax assets on UK tax losses, see note 5, page 29 for further details
Free cash flow
H1 2025
H1 2024
£ million
Cash flow
Impact of hedge book
Impact of acquisition accounting
Impact of other non-underlying items
Funds flow
Funds flow
Operating profit
2,074
(102)
8
(247)
1,733
1,149
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
256
-
(8)
185
433
427
Movement in provisions
(395)
(8)
-
109
(294)
(106)
Movement in Civil Aerospace LTSA balance
440
1
-
-
441
715
Movement in RRSA prepayments for LTSA parts
46
(15)
-
-
31
(171)
Movement in cost to obtain contracts
(48)
-
-
-
(48)
7
Settlement of excess derivatives
(116)
-
-
-
(116)
(75)
Interest received
150
-
-
-
150
124
Other operating cash flows
64
-
-
64
(10)
Operating cash flow before working capital and income tax
2,471
(124)
-
47
2,394
2,060
Working capital 1
226
(247)
-
(1)
(22)
(228)
Cash flows on other financial assets and liabilities held for operating purposes
(389)
358
-
-
(31)
(5)
Income tax
(290)
-
-
31
(259)
(113)
Cash from operating activities
2,018
(13)
-
77
2,082
1,714
Capital element of lease payments
(91)
13
-
-
(78)
(112)
Capital expenditure
(349)
-
-
-
(349)
(291)
Cash received on maturity of share based payment schemes
38
-
-
-
38
-
Investments
31
-
-
-
31
17
Interest paid
(136)
-
-
-
(136)
(157)
Other
71
-
-
(77)
(6)
(13)
Free cash flow
1,582
-
-
-
1,582
1,158
Free cash flow in the period was £1.6bn, an improvement of £0.4bn compared with the prior period driven by:
Underlying operating profit of £1.7bn, £0.6bn higher than the prior period. This reflects higher underlying operating profit in Civil Aerospace and Power Systems, driven by our strategic initiatives, including commercial optimisation and cost efficiency benefits.
Movement in provisions of £(294)m driven by utilisation across several provisions held, including onerous contracts, warranty and guarantees, transformation and restructuring.
Movement in Civil LTSA balance was £441m, driven by continued EFH growth and a higher normalised EFH rate due to our commercial actions, offset by an increased number of shop visits.
Movements in prepayments to RRSAs for LTSA parts of £31m (H1 2024: £(171)m) arises as amounts recognised in the income statement (as parts supplied by RRSA partners are used) have been in excess of payments to RRSA partners in the period, where the RRSA partner receives a share of the cashflows the Group has received from its customers.
Interest received of £150m, £26m higher than the prior period. This reflects a higher average cash balance through the period.
Other operating cash flows of £64m include share of results and dividends received from joint ventures and associates, flows relating to our defined benefit post-retirement schemes, and share based payments.
Working capital outflows of £(22)m, compared to £(228)m in the prior period. A net inflow of £586m from receivables, payables and contract liabilities reflecting the benefits from our working capital initiatives was offset by a £(608)m increase in inventories to meet demand across the Group.
1
Working capital includes inventory, trade and other receivables and payables, and contract assets and liabilities (excluding Civil Aerospace LTSA balances, prepayment to RRSAs and costs to obtain contracts)
Income tax of £(259)m, net cash tax payments for the first half of 2025 were higher than the prior period of £(113)m due to higher profit and some timing impacts, including final payments made in respect of the prior year.
Capital expenditure of £(349)m, includes £(202)m of property, plant and equipment additions and £(167)m of intangibles additions. The combined additions were higher than the prior period as a result of investment in R&D, technology and site improvements across the Group.
Interest paid of £(136)m, including lease interest payments, is £21m lower than the prior period. The reduction in interest charges is across interest paid, interest element of lease payments and fees paid on undrawn facilities.
Balance Sheet
£ million
30 June 2025
31 December 2024
Change
Intangible assets
4,488
4,402
86
Property, plant and equipment
3,732
3,724
8
Right-of-use assets
785
761
24
Joint ventures and associates
1,244
592
652
Civil Aerospace LTSA 1
(10,693)
(10,184)
(509)
RRSA prepayments for parts 1
1,836
1,668
168
Costs to obtain contracts 1
183
135
48
Working capital 1
(1,816)
(1,731)
(85)
Provisions
(1,617)
(1,994)
377
Net cash 2
1,084
475
609
Net financial assets and liabilities 2
75
(1,980)
2,055
Net post-retirement scheme deficits
(192)
(191)
(1)
Taxation
3,249
3,383
(134)
Assets and liabilities held for sale 3
69
53
16
Other net assets and liabilities
7
6
1
Net assets/(liabilities)
2,434
(881)
3,315
Other items
US$ hedge book (US$bn)
21
19
Key drivers of balance sheet movements were:
Joint ventures and associates: The £0.7bn increase was largely a result of Rolls-Royce SMR being recognised at its fair value as an equity-accounted investment following the strategic investment by CEZ Group (CEZ) in Rolls-Royce SMR during the period.
Civil LTSA: The £(509)m movement in the net liability balance was mainly driven by an increase in invoiced LTSA receipts exceeding revenue recognised in the period.
Working capital: The £(1.8)bn net working capital position increased by £(85)m compared to the prior period. The movement comprised an increase in contract liabilities of £(495)m and £(109)m increase in net payables due to changes in operational volumes and timing of supplier payments. This was partly offset by a £519m increase in inventory reflecting higher sales volumes.
Provisions: The £377m net reduction in provisions was due to onerous contract loss reversals and utilisation being greater than onerous contract loss charges in the period, supported by continued efforts to renegotiate our most significant onerous contracts.
Net cash: Increased from £475m to £1.1bn driven by a free cash inflow of £1.6bn. Our liquidity position is strong with £8.5bn of liquidity including cash and cash equivalents of £6.0bn and undrawn facilities of £2.5bn. Net cash included £(1.4)bn of lease liabilities (2024 FY: £(1.6)bn).
1
The total of these lines represent inventory, trade receivables and payables, contract assets and liabilities and other assets and liabilities in the statutory balance sheet
2
Net cash includes £(50)m (2024: £33m) of the fair value of derivatives included in fair value hedges and the element of fair value relating to exchange differences on the underlying principal of derivatives in cash flow hedges
3
Assets and liabilities held for sale relate to the sale of the naval propulsors & handling business
Net financial assets and liabilities: A £2.1bn increase in the net financial assets primarily driven by fair value gains on foreign exchange and commodity contracts due to the impact of the movement in GBP:USD exchange rates.
Taxation: The net tax asset reduced by £(134)m to £3.2bn. The decrease primarily relates to a £(502)m reduction in deferred tax related to foreign exchange derivatives, which moved from a net financial liability to a net financial asset position, and a £(200)m reduction in deferred tax assets driven by a reactivation of previously disallowed interest and asset impairment reversals. These are partly offset by the recognition of a £563m deferred tax asset relating to UK tax losses that was previously not recognised. Deferred tax liabilities have decreased by £7m.