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UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
DC 20549
FORM
8-K
CURRENT
REPORT
Pursuant
to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date
of Report (Date of earliest event reported): July 23,
2024
AZITRA,
INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware |
|
001-41705 |
|
46-4478536 |
(State
or other jurisdiction
of
incorporation) |
|
(Commission
File
Number) |
|
(IRS
Employer
Identification
No.) |
21
Business Park Drive
Branford,
CT 06405 |
| |
| (Address
of principal executive offices)(Zip Code) |
| (203)
646-6446 |
| (Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code) |
| (Former
name or former address, if changed since last report.) |
Check
the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligations of the registrant under
any of the following provisions:
| ☐ |
Written
communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
| |
|
| ☐ |
Soliciting
material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
| |
|
| ☐ |
Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
| |
|
| ☐ |
Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title
of each class |
|
Trading
Symbol(s) |
|
Name
of each exchange on which registered |
| Common
Stock: Par value $0.0001 |
|
AZTR |
|
NYSE
American |
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405
of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging
growth company ☒
If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Item
1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
The
information regarding the Securities Purchase Agreement, Agency Agreement and Warrant Agent Agreement (as defined below) set forth in
Item 8.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.01.
Item
8.01 Other Events.
On
July 25, 2024, Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), completed a public offering (the “Offering”)
of (i) 6,665,000 shares (the “Common Shares”) of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”);
and (ii) Class A Warrants (the “Class A Warrants”) exercisable for an aggregate of 13,330,000 shares of Common Stock (the
“Class A Warrant Shares”) issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement, dated July 23, 2024 (the “Securities
Purchase Agreement”), between the Company and certain institutional investors named therein and a Placement Agency Agreement dated
July 23, 2024 (the “Agency Agreement”) between the Company and Maxim Group LLC, as placement agent.
The
offering price of each Common Share and accompanying Class A Warrants was $1.50.
The
Class A Warrants have an initial exercise price of $1.50 per share of Common Stock, however on the date that is 30 calendar days immediately
following the date of issuance of the Class A Warrants, or August 24, 2024 (the “Reset Date”), if the Reset Price, as defined
below, is less than the exercise price at such time, the exercise price will be decreased to the Reset Price. “Reset Price”
shall mean 100% of the trailing five-day VWAP immediately preceding the Reset Date, provided, that in no event shall the Reset Price
be less than $0.32 (subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, recapitalizations and similar transactions), which represents
20% of the most recent closing price for the Common Stock at the time of execution of the Agency Agreement. The number of shares of Common
Stock issuable upon exercise of the Class A Warrants will not be proportionately adjusted in the event of a reset of the exercise price.
The
Class A Warrants are exercisable upon issuance and expire five years from the date of issuance. The Class A Warrants contain ownership
limitations pursuant to which a holder does not have the right to exercise any portion of their warrants if it would result in the holder
(together with its affiliates) beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the Company’s
outstanding Common Stock. The Class A Warrants are issued pursuant to a Warrant Agent Agreement dated July 25, 2024 (“Warrant Agent
Agreement”) between the Company and VStock Transfer LLC, as warrant agent.
In
consideration for Maxim Group LLC serving as the placement agent of the Offering (the “Placement Agent”), the Company paid
the Placement Agent a cash fee equal to 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Offering and reimbursed the Placement Agent for certain
expenses and legal fees up to $100,000. The Company also issued warrants to designees of the Placement Agent (the “Placement Agent
Warrants”) exercisable for an aggregate of 266,600 shares of Common Stock (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”). The
Placement Agent Warrants have substantially the same terms as the Class A Warrants, except that the Placement Agent Warrants have an
exercise price equal to $1.875 per share (125% of the $1.50 offering price of the Common Share and accompanying Class A Warrants), have
an initial exercise date of January 23, 2025 and expire on July 23, 2029.
The
Common Shares, Class A Warrants, Class A Warrant Shares, Placement Agent Warrant and Placement Agent Warrant Shares were offered pursuant
to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-280806), as amended, which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”) on July 23, 2024.
The
Company received net proceeds of approximately $8.95 million from the Offering, after deducting Offering expenses payable by the Company,
including the Placement Agent’s commissions and fees. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Offering for general
corporate purposes, including working capital.
Forms
of the Agency Agreement, the Class A Warrant, Placement Agent Warrant, Warrant Agent Agreement and Securities Purchase Agreement are
filed as Exhibits 1.1, 4.1, 4.2. 4.3 and 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated by reference herein.
On
July 23, 2024, the Company issued a press release announcing the pricing of the Offering. A copy of the press release is furnished as
Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
On
July 25, 2024, the Company issued a press release announcing the closing of the Offering. A copy of the press release is furnished as
Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item
9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
| (d) |
Exhibits |
|
Method
Filing |
The
following exhibits are filed with this report:
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| |
AZITRA,
INC. |
| |
|
| Dated:
July 25, 2024 |
/s/
Francisco D. Salva |
| |
Francisco
D. Salva |
| |
Chief
Executive Officer |
Exhibit
1.1
PLACEMENT
AGENCY AGREEMENT
July
23, 2024
Maxim
Group LLC
300
Park Avenue, 16th Floor
New
York, NY 10022
Ladies
and Gentlemen:
Subject
to the terms and conditions herein (this “Agreement”), Azitra Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”),
hereby agrees to sell up to an aggregate of $10,000,000 of registered units (the “Units”) of the Company, each Unit
consisting of either (a)(i) one share (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock $0.0001 par value per share
(the “Common Stock”) and (ii) two Class A Warrants to purchase two shares of Common Stock (the “Class A Warrants”
or the “Warrants”) (the “Common Units”) or (b) (i) one pre-funded common stock purchase warrant
to purchase one share of Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and (ii) two Class A Warrants (the “Pre-Funded
Unit”) (the shares of Common Stock underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants, the “Warrant Shares”,
and the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares, the “Securities”) directly to various
investors (each, an “Investor” and, collectively, the “Investors”) through Maxim Group LLC as placement
agent (the “Placement Agent”). The documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Investors in connection
with the Offering (as defined below), including, without limitation, a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”),
shall be collectively referred to herein as the “Transaction Documents.” The purchase price to the Investors for the
Securities will be determined based on negotiation between the Company, the Placement Agent and the Investors. The Placement Agent may
retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Offering.
The
Company hereby confirms its agreement with the Placement Agent as follows:
Section
1. Agreement to Act as Placement Agent.
(a)
On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained, and subject to all the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, the Placement Agent shall be the exclusive placement agent in connection with the offering and sale by the Company
of the Securities pursuant to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-280806) (and including any registration
statement prepared and filed by the Company in accordance with Rule 462(b) pursuant to the Securities Act) (the “Registration
Statement”), with the terms of such offering (the “Offering”) to be subject to market conditions and negotiations
between the Company, the Placement Agent and the prospective Investors. The Placement Agent will act on a reasonable best efforts basis
and the Company agrees and acknowledges that there is no guarantee of the successful placement of the Securities, or any portion thereof,
in the prospective Offering. Under no circumstances will the Placement Agent or any of its “Affiliates” (as defined below)
be obligated to underwrite or purchase any of the Securities for its own account or otherwise provide any financing. The Placement Agent
shall act solely as the Company’s agent and not as principal. The Placement Agent shall have no authority to bind the Company with
respect to any prospective offer to purchase Securities and the Company shall have the sole right to accept offers to purchase Securities
and may reject any such offer, in whole or in part. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, payment of the purchase price for, and
delivery of, the Securities shall be made at one or more closings (each a “Closing” and the date on which each Closing
occurs, a “Closing Date”). The Closing of the issuance of the Securities shall occur via “Delivery Versus Payment”,
i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company shall issue the Securities directly to the account designated by the Placement Agent and, upon
receipt of such Securities, the Placement Agent shall electronically deliver such Securities to the applicable Investor and payment shall
be made by the Placement Agent (or its clearing firm) by wire transfer to the Company. As compensation for services rendered, on each
Closing Date, the Company shall pay to the Placement Agent the consideration set forth below:
(i)
A cash fee equal to 7.0% of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Securities at the closing of the Offering
(the “Closing”).
(ii)
A common stock purchase warrant, issued to Maxim Partners LLC (or other designees of the Placement Agent) (the “Placement Agent’s
Warrant”) to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock equal to four percent (4.0%) of the total number of Shares and Pre-Funded
Warrants sold in the Offering. The Placement Agent’s Warrants will be non-exercisable for six (6) months after the effective date
of the Registration Statement and will expire five (5) years after such date. The Placement Agent’s Warrants will be exercisable
at a price equal to 125% of the Common Units in connection with the Offering. The Placement Agent’s Warrants shall not be redeemable.
The Company will register the shares of Common Stock underlying the Placement Agent’s Warrants under the Securities Act and will
file all necessary undertakings in connection therewith. The Placement Agent’s Warrants may not be sold, transferred, assigned,
pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days from the commencement of sales of the Offering, except that they may be assigned, in
whole or in part, to any officer, partner, registered person or affiliate of the Placement Agent and to members of the selling group.
The Placement Agent’s Warrants may be exercised as to all or a lesser number of shares of Common Stock, will provide for cashless
exercise and will contain provisions for one demand registration of the sale of the underlying shares of Common Stock and unlimited “piggyback”
registration rights for a period of five years after the commencement of sales of the Offering at the Company’s expense. The Placement
Agent’s Warrants shall further provide for limited, customary anti-dilution protections resulting from stock dividends, splits
and recapitalizations.
(b)
The term of the Placement Agent’s exclusive engagement will be as set forth in the Engagement Agreement (as defined below). Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning confidentiality, indemnification and contribution contained herein
and the Company’s obligations contained in the indemnification provisions will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement,
and the Company’s obligation to pay fees actually earned and payable and to reimburse expenses actually incurred and reimbursable
pursuant to Section 1 hereof and which are permitted to be reimbursed under FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A), will survive any expiration or
termination of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to limit the ability of the Placement Agent or its Affiliates
to pursue, investigate, analyze, invest in, or engage in investment banking, financial advisory or any other business relationship with
Persons (as defined below) other than the Company. As used herein (i) “Persons” means an individual or corporation, partnership,
trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency
or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind and (ii) “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed
under Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
Section
2. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Company. The Company hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Placement
Agent as of the date hereof, and as of each Closing Date, as follows:
(a)
Securities Law Filings. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”)
the Registration Statement under the Securities Act, which was initially filed on July 15, 2024, as amended, and will be declared effective
on July 23, 2024 for the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act. Following the determination of pricing among the Company
and the prospective Investors introduced to the Company by the Placement Agent, the Company will file with the Commission pursuant to
Rules 430A and 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the
Commission promulgated thereunder, a final prospectus relating to the placement of the Securities, their respective pricings and the
plan of distribution thereof and will advise the Placement Agent of all further information (financial and other) with respect to the
Company required to be set forth therein. Such registration statement, at any given time, including the exhibits thereto filed at such
time, as amended at such time, is hereinafter called the “Registration Statement”; such prospectus in the form in
which it appears in the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness is hereinafter called the “Preliminary Prospectus”;
and the final prospectus, in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and/or 424(b) (including the
Preliminary Prospectus as it may be amended or supplemented) is hereinafter called the “Final Prospectus.” The Registration
Statement at the time it originally became effective is hereinafter called the “Original Registration Statement.”
Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Original Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the
Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated
Documents”), if any, which were or are filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”), at any given time, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend,” “amendment”
or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Original Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus
or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this
Agreement, or the issue date of the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein
by reference. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,”
“included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration
Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include
all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration
Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be. As used in this paragraph and elsewhere in this Agreement,
“Time of Sale Disclosure Package” means the Preliminary Prospectus, any securities purchase agreement between the
Company and the Investors, the final terms of the Offering provided to the Investors (orally or in writing) and any issuer free writing
prospectus as defined in Rule 433 of the Act (each, an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”), if any, that the parties
hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Time of Sale Disclosure Package. The term “any Prospectus”
shall mean, as the context requires, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, and any supplement to either thereof. The Company
has not received any notice that the Commission has issued or intends to issue a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement or the use of the Preliminary Prospectus or any prospectus supplement or intends to commence a proceeding for any such purpose.
(b)
Assurances. The Original Registration Statement, as amended (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains
all exhibits and schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto,
at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and
did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading. The Preliminary Prospectus and the Final Prospectus, each as of its respective date, comply
or will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Preliminary Prospectus
and the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to
the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations promulgated thereunder, and none of such documents, when
they were filed with the Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Preliminary Prospectus or Final
Prospectus), in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration
Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental
change in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with the Commission. Except for this Agreement and the Transaction
Documents, there are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that
(x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period. Except
for this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, there are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Preliminary
Prospectus or Final Prospectus, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which have not been described
or filed as required.
(c)
Offering Materials. Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute,
prior to each Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than the Time of Sale
Disclosure Package.
(d)
Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
The execution and delivery of each of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company,
the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) or the Company’s shareholders in connection
therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals (as defined in the Purchase Agreement). This Agreement has been duly executed
by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally,
(ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii)
insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
(e)
No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated pursuant
to the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby to which it is a party do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any
Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) except as disclosed
in the Preliminary Prospectus, conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become
a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to
others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement,
credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the
Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii)
subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction,
decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal
and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except
in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect,
as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement.
(f)
Certificates. Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to the Placement Agent or to counsel for the Placement
Agent shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to the Placement Agent as to the matters set forth therein.
(g)
Reliance. The Company acknowledges that the Placement Agent will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations
and warranties and hereby consents to such reliance.
(h)
Forward-Looking Statements. No forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section
21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Time of Sale Disclosure Package has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has
been disclosed other than in good faith.
(i)
Statistical or Market-Related Data. Any statistical, industry-related and market- related data included or incorporated by reference
in the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes to
be reliable and accurate, and such data agree with the sources from which they are derived.
(j)
Certain Fees; FINRA Affiliations. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, no brokerage or finder’s
fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company, any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company to any broker, financial advisor
or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. There are no other arrangements, agreements or understandings of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge,
any of its shareholders that may affect the Placement Agent’s compensation, as defined by FINRA. Other than payments to the Placement
Agent for this Offering or as set forth in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the Company has not made and has no agreements,
arrangements or understanding to make any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities or otherwise) to: (i) any person, as a finder’s
fee, consulting fee or otherwise, in consideration of such person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons
who raised or provided capital to the Company; (ii) any FINRA member participating in the offering as defined in FINRA Rule 5110 (a “Participating
Member”); or (iii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any Participating Member,
within the 180-day period preceding the initial filing of the Registration Statement through the 60-day period after the Effective Date.
None of the net proceeds of the Offering will be paid by the Company to any Participating Member or its affiliates, except as specifically
authorized herein. To the Company’s knowledge, no officer, director or any beneficial owner of 10% or more of the Company’s
Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) has any direct or indirect affiliation or
association with any Participating Member in the Offering. Except for securities purchased on the open market, no Company Affiliate is
an owner of stock or other securities of any Participating Member. To the Company’s knowledge, no Company Affiliate has made a
subordinated loan to any Participating Member. No proceeds from the sale of the Securities (excluding Placement Agent compensation as
disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus) will be paid to any Participating Member, any persons associated with a Participating
Member or an affiliate of a Participating Member. Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company has not issued any warrants or other
securities or granted any options, directly or indirectly, to the Placement Agent within the 180-day period prior to the initial filing
date of the Prospectus. To the Company’s knowledge, except for securities issued to the Placement Agent as disclosed in the Prospectus,
no person to whom securities of the Company have been privately issued within the 180-day period prior to the initial filing date of
the Prospectus is a Participating Member, is a person associated with a Participating Member or is an affiliate of a Participating Member.
To the Company’s knowledge, no Participating Member in the Offering has a conflict of interest with the Company. For this purpose,
a “conflict of interest” exists when a Participating Member, the parent or affiliate of a Participating Member or any person
associated with a Participating Member in the aggregate beneficially own 10% or more of the Company’s outstanding subordinated
debt or common equity, or 10% or more of the Company’s preferred equity. “FINRA member participating in the Offering”
includes any associated person of a Participating Member in the Offering, any member of such associated person’s immediate family
and any affiliate of a Participating Member in the Offering. When used in this Section 3.1(j) the term “affiliate of a FINRA member”
or “affiliated with a FINRA member” means an entity that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with a FINRA
member. The Company will advise the Placement Agent and its legal counsel, Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP (the “Placement
Agent Counsel”) if it learns that any officer, director or owner of 10% or more of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock
or Common Stock Equivalents is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a Participating Member.
(k)
Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is comprised of the persons set forth under the heading of the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K captioned “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.” The qualifications of the persons
serving as board members and the overall composition of the Board of Directors comply with the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules
promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company and the rules of the NYSE American (the “Trading Market”). In addition,
at least a majority of the persons serving on the Board of Directors qualify as “independent” as defined under the rules
of the Trading Market.
(l)
D&O Questionnaires. To the Company’s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires most recently completed
by each of the Company’s directors and officers is true and correct in all respects (other than changes in securities ownership
from the date of such questionnaires) and the Company has not become aware of any information which would cause the information disclosed
in such questionnaires to become inaccurate and incorrect.
(m)
Representations, Warranties and Covenants Incorporated by Reference. Each of the representations, warranties and covenants (together
with any related disclosure schedules thereto) made to the Investors in the Purchase Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference
(as though fully restated herein) and is hereby made to, and in favor of, the Placement Agent.
Section
3. Delivery and Payment. Each Closing shall occur at the offices of the Placement Agent Counsel at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New
York, New York 10105 (or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Placement Agent and the Company). Subject to the terms and
conditions hereof, at each Closing payment of the purchase price for the Securities sold on such Closing Date shall be made by Federal
Funds wire transfer, against delivery of such Securities, and such Securities shall be registered in such name or names and shall be
in such denominations, as the Placement Agent may request at least one business day before the time of purchase (as defined below).
Deliveries
of the documents with respect to the purchase of the Securities, if any, shall be made at the offices of Placement Agent Counsel. All
actions taken at a Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously.
Section
4. Covenants and Agreements of the Company. The Company further covenants and agrees with the Placement Agent as follows:
(a)
Registration Statement Matters. The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly after it receives notice thereof of the time
when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any supplement to the Final Prospectus has been
filed and will furnish the Placement Agent with copies thereof. The Company will file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or
information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act subsequent to the date of any Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the Offering.
The Company will advise the Placement Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof (i) of any request by the Commission to amend
the Registration Statement or to amend or supplement any Prospectus or for additional information, (ii) of the issuance by the Commission
of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or any order directed
at any Incorporated Document, if any, or any amendment or supplement thereto or any order preventing or suspending the use of the Preliminary
Prospectus or the Final Prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto or any post-effective amendment
to the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of
the institution or threatened institution of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending
or supplementing of the Registration Statement or a Prospectus or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by any state securities
commission of any proceedings for the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or of
the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceeding for that purpose; (iv) of the mailing and delivery to the Commission for filing
of any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus; (v) of the receipt of any comments or request for any additional
information from the Commission; and (vi) of the happening of any event during the period described in this Section 4(a) that, in the
judgment of the Company, makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus untrue or that requires
the making of any changes in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or
prevention or suspension of such use. If the Commission shall enter any such stop order or order or notice of prevention or suspension
at any time, the Company will use its best efforts to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible moment, or will file
a new registration statement and use its best efforts to have such new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable.
Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b), 430A, 430B and 430C, as applicable, under
the Securities Act, including with respect to the timely filing of documents thereunder, and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm
that any filings made by the Company under such Rule 424(b) are received in a timely manner by the Commission.
(b)
Blue Sky Compliance. The Company will cooperate with the Placement Agent and the Investors in endeavoring to qualify the Securities
for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions (United States and foreign) as the Placement Agent and the Investors may reasonably
request and will make such applications, file such documents, and furnish such information as may be reasonably required for that purpose,
provided the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in
any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or required to file such a consent, and provided further that the Company shall not
be required to produce any new disclosure document. The Company will, from time to time, prepare and file such statements, reports and
other documents as are or may be required to continue such qualifications in effect for so long a period as the Placement Agent may reasonably
request for distribution of the Securities. The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly of the suspension of the qualification
or registration of (or any such exemption relating to) the Securities for offering, sale or trading in any jurisdiction or any initiation
or threat of any proceeding for any such purpose, and in the event of the issuance of any order suspending such qualification, registration
or exemption, the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment.
(c)
Amendments and Supplements to a Prospectus and Other Matters. The Company will comply with the Securities Act and the Exchange
Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder during the Prospectus Delivery Period, so as to permit the completion
of the distribution of the Securities as contemplated in this Agreement, the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus. If during the
period in which a prospectus is required by law to be delivered in connection with the distribution of Securities contemplated by the
Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”), any event shall occur as a result of
which, in the judgment of the Company or in the opinion of the Placement Agent or counsel for the Placement Agent, it becomes necessary
to amend or supplement the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend or supplement the Incorporated
Documents or any Prospectus or to file under the Exchange Act any Incorporated Document to comply with any law, the Company will promptly
prepare and file with the Commission, and furnish at its own expense to the Placement Agent and to dealers, an appropriate amendment
to the Registration Statement or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus that is necessary
in order to make the statements in the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus as so amended or supplemented, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or so that the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents or
any Prospectus, as so amended or supplemented, will comply with law. Before amending the Registration Statement or supplementing the
Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus in connection with the Offering, the Company will furnish the Placement Agent with a copy of
such proposed amendment or supplement and will not file any such amendment or supplement to which the Placement Agent reasonably objects.
(d)
Copies of any Amendments and Supplements to a Prospectus. The Company will furnish the Placement Agent, without charge, during
the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the later of the last Closing Date of the Offering, as many copies of any Prospectus
or prospectus supplement and any amendments and supplements thereto, as the Placement Agent may reasonably request.
(e)
Free Writing Prospectus. The Company covenants that it will not, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Placement
Agent, make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a Company Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute
a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) required to be filed by the Company with
the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433 of the Securities Act. In the event that the Placement Agent expressly consents
in writing to any such free writing prospectus (a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”), the Company covenants that
it shall (i) treat each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Company Free Writing Prospectus, and (ii) comply with the requirements
of Rule 164 and 433 of the Securities Act applicable to such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing
with the Commission, legending and record keeping.
(f)
Transfer Agent. The Company will maintain, at its expense, a registrar and transfer agent for the Shares.
(g)
Earnings Statement. As soon as practicable and in accordance with applicable requirements under the Securities Act, but in any
event not later than 18 months after the last Closing Date, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to
the Placement Agent an earnings statement, covering a period of at least 12 consecutive months beginning after the last Closing Date,
that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 under the Securities Act.
(h)
Periodic Reporting Obligations. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will duly file, on a timely basis, with the
Commission and the Trading Market all reports and documents required to be filed under the Exchange Act within the time periods and in
the manner required by the Exchange Act.
(i)
Additional Documents. The Company will enter into any subscription, purchase or other customary agreements as the Placement Agent
or the Investors deem necessary or appropriate to consummate the Offering, all of which will be in form and substance reasonably acceptable
to the Placement Agent and the Investors. The Company agrees that the Placement Agent may rely upon, and each is a third party beneficiary
of, the representations and warranties, and applicable covenants, set forth in any such purchase, subscription or other agreement with
Investors in the Offering.
(j)
No Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company, nor to its knowledge, any of its employees, directors or shareholders, has
taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that might reasonably be expected to cause
or result in, under the Exchange Act, or otherwise stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of the Securities.
(k)
Acknowledgment. The Company acknowledges that any advice given by the Placement Agent to the Company is solely for the benefit
and use of the Board of Directors of the Company and may not be used, reproduced, disseminated, quoted or referred to, without the Placement
Agent’s prior written consent.
(l)
Announcement of Offering. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent may, subsequent to the Closing, make public
its involvement with the Offering.
(m)
Reliance on Others. The Company confirms that it will rely on its own counsel and accountants for legal and accounting advice.
(n)
Research Matters. By entering into this Agreement, the Placement Agent does not provide any promise, either explicitly or implicitly,
of favorable or continued research coverage of the Company and the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent’s
selection as a placement agent for the Offering was in no way conditioned, explicitly or implicitly, on the Placement Agent providing
favorable or any research coverage of the Company. In accordance with FINRA Rule 2241(b)(2), the parties acknowledge and agree that the
Placement Agent has not directly or indirectly offered favorable research, a specific rating or a specific price target, or threatened
to change research, a rating or a price target, to the Company or inducement for the receipt of business or compensation. The Company
hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the Placement Agent
with respect to any conflict of interest that may arise from the fact that the views expressed by their independent research analysts
and research departments may be different from or inconsistent with the views or advice communicated to the Company by the Placement
Agent’s investment banking divisions. The Company acknowledges that the Placement Agent is a full service securities firm and as
such from time to time, subject to applicable securities laws, may effect transactions for its own account or the account of its customers
and hold long or short position in debt or equity securities of the Company.
(o)
Subsequent Equity Sales.
(i)
From the date hereof until three (3) months after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into
any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any
registration statement or amendment or supplement thereto, other than the Prospectus or filing a registration statement on Form S-8 in
connection with any employee benefit plan, in each case without prior written consent of the Placement Agent.
(ii)
From the date hereof until six (6) months after the Closing Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an
agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination
of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company
(i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to
receive additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based
upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of
such debt or equity securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date
after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly
related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement,
including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit or an “at-the-market offering”, whereby the Company may issue securities
at a future determined price; provided, however, that three (3) months after the Closing Date, the issuance of shares of
Common Stock in an “at the market” offering with the Placement
Agent as sales agent shall not be deemed a Variable Rate Transaction. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against
the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.
(iii)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4(o) shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction
shall be an Exempt Issuance. An “Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) Common Stock or equity awards to employees,
officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee
members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non- employee directors established for such purpose
for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder
and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement,
provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to
decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with automatic price resets,
stock splits, adjustments or combinations as set forth in such securities) or to extend the term of such securities and (c) securities
issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided
that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that
require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the six month period following the Closing
Date, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through
its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide
to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is
issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.
(p)
Lock-Up Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements except
to extend the term of the lock- up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement in accordance with its terms. If
any party to a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek
specific performance of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.
(q)
FINRA. The Company shall advise the Placement Agent (who shall make an appropriate filing with FINRA) if it is aware that any
officer, director, 10% or greater shareholder of the Company or Person that received the Company’s unregistered equity securities
in the past 180 days is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member firm prior to the earlier of the termination of
this Agreement or the 60-day period after the Effective Date
Section
5. Conditions of the Obligations of the Placement Agent. The obligations of the Placement Agent hereunder shall be subject to the
accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company set forth in Section 2 hereof, in each case as of the date
hereof and as of each Closing Date as though then made, to the timely performance by each of the Company of its covenants and other obligations
hereunder on and as of such dates, and to each of the following additional conditions:
(a)
Accountants’ Comfort Letters. On the date hereof, the Placement Agent shall have received, and the Company shall have caused
to be delivered to the Placement Agent, a letter from Grassi & Co., CPAs, P.C. (the current independent registered public accounting
firm of the Company), addressed to the Placement Agent, dated as of the date hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement
Agent. The letter shall not disclose any change in the condition (financial or other), earnings, operations, business or prospects of
the Company from that set forth in the Incorporated Documents or the applicable Prospectus or prospectus supplement, which, in the Placement
Agent’s sole judgment, is material and adverse and that makes it, in the Placement Agent’s sole judgment, impracticable or
inadvisable to proceed with the Offering of the Securities as contemplated by such Prospectus.
(b)
Compliance with Registration Requirements; No Stop Order; No Objection from the FINRA. Each Prospectus (in accordance with Rule
424(b)) and “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act), if any, shall have been duly
filed with the Commission, as appropriate; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof
shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; no order preventing
or suspending the use of any Prospectus shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened
by the Commission; no order having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities of
the Company shall have been issued by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange and no proceedings
for that purpose shall have been instituted or shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission,
securities regulatory authority or stock exchange; all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been
complied with; and FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the placement terms and arrangements.
(c)
Corporate Proceedings. All corporate proceedings and other legal matters in connection with this Agreement, the Registration Statement
and each Prospectus, and the registration, sale and delivery of the Securities, shall have been completed or resolved in a manner reasonably
satisfactory to the Placement Agent’s counsel, and such counsel shall have been furnished with such papers and information as it
may reasonably have requested to enable such counsel to pass upon the matters referred to in this Section 5.
(d)
No Material Adverse Change. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to each Closing Date, in the
Placement Agent’s sole judgment after consultation with the Company, there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Effect
or any material adverse change or development involving a prospective material adverse change in the condition or the business activities,
financial or otherwise, of the Company from the latest dates as of which such condition is set forth in the Registration Statement and
Prospectus (“Material Adverse Change”).
(e)
Opinion of Counsels for the Company. The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date (i) the favorable opinion of
Greenberg Traurig, LLP, counsel to the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, including, without limitation, a negative assurance letter
addressed to the Placement Agent and in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent, and (ii) the favorable opinion of McCarter
& English, LLP, intellectual property legal counsel to the Company, addressed to the Placement Agent in form and substance satisfactory
to the Placement Agent.
(f)
Officers’ Certificate. The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date a certificate of the Company, dated
as of such Closing Date, signed by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, to the effect that, and the
Placement Agent shall be satisfied that, the signers of such certificate have reviewed the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents,
the Prospectus, and this Agreement and to the further effect that:
(i)
The representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct, as if made on and as of such Closing Date,
and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or
prior to such Closing Date;
(ii)
No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings
for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened under the Securities Act; no order
having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities of the Company has been issued
by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange in the United States and no proceedings for that purpose
have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission, securities regulatory
authority or stock exchange in the United States;
(iii)
When the Registration Statement became effective, at the time of sale, and at all times subsequent thereto up to the delivery of such
certificate, the Registration Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, when such documents became effective or were filed with
the Commission, and any Prospectus, contained all material information required to be included therein by the Securities Act and the
Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, as the case may be, and in all material respects
conformed to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder,
as the case may be, and the Registration Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, and any Prospectus, did not and do not include
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (provided, however, that the preceding representations
and warranties contained in this paragraph (iii) shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity
with information furnished in writing to the Company by the Placement Agent expressly for use therein) and, since the effective date
of the Registration Statement, there has occurred no event required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder to be set forth in the Incorporated Documents which has not been so set forth; and
(iv)
Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents and any
Prospectus, there has not been: (a) any Material Adverse Change; (b) any transaction that is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries
taken as a whole, except transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business; (c) any obligation, direct or contingent, that
is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary, except obligations incurred
in the ordinary course of business; (d) any material change in the capital stock (except changes thereto resulting from the exercise
of outstanding stock options or warrants or conversion of outstanding preferred stock) or outstanding indebtedness of the Company or
any Subsidiary; (e) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company; or (f) any loss
or damage (whether or not insured) to the property of the Company or any Subsidiary which has been sustained or will have been sustained
which has a Material Adverse Effect.
(g)
Regulatory Certificate. On the Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received a certificate from the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer with respect to certain regulatory matters, dated as of the Closing Date, addressed to the Placement Agent in form
and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent.
(h)
Bring-down Comfort Letters. On each Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received from Grassi & Co., CPAs,
P.C., or such other independent registered public accounting firm of the Company, a letter dated as of such Closing Date, in form and
substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant
to subsection (a) of this Section 5, except that the specified date referred to therein for the carrying out of procedures shall be no
more than two business days prior to such Closing Date.
(i)
Stock Exchange Listing. The Common Stock shall be registered under the Exchange Act and shall be listed on the Trading Market,
and the Company shall not have taken any action designed to terminate, or likely to have the effect of terminating, the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending from trading the Common Stock from the Trading Market, nor shall
the Company have received any information suggesting that the Commission or the Trading Market is contemplating terminating such registration
or listing.
(j)
Lock-Up Agreements. On the Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received the executed lock-up agreement from each of the
Company’s directors and executive officers and any stockholders holding 5% or more of the Company’s voting securities.
(k)
Warrant Agency Agreement. On the Closing Date the duly executed warrant agency agreement executed by and between the Company and
the transfer agent.
(l)
Additional Documents. On or before each Closing Date, the Placement Agent and counsel for the Placement Agent shall have received
such information and documents as they may reasonably require for the purposes of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of
the Securities as contemplated herein, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations and warranties, or the satisfaction
of any of the conditions or agreements, herein contained.
If
any condition specified in this Section 5 is not satisfied when and as required to be satisfied, this Agreement may be terminated by
the Placement Agent by notice to the Company at any time on or prior to a Closing Date, which termination shall be without liability
on the part of any party to any other party, except that Section 6 (Payment of Expenses), Section 7 (Indemnification and Contribution)
and Section 8 (Representations and Indemnities to Survive Delivery) shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination.
Section
6. Payment of Expenses. The Company shall be responsible for and pay all expenses relating to the Offering, including, without limitation,
all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the Securities to be sold in the Offering with the Commission
and the filing of the offering materials with FINRA; all fees and expenses relating to the listing of such Securities on such stock exchange
as the Company and the Placement Agent together determine; all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to background checks of the
Company’s officers and directors; all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration or qualification of such Securities
under the “blue sky” securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions as the Placement Agent may reasonably designate
(including, without limitation, all filing and registration fees, and the fees and disbursements of the Placement Agent’s counsel
at Closing)); all fees and expenses associated with the i-Deal system and NetRoadshow not to exceed $3,000; the costs of all mailing
and printing of the Offering documents (including the transaction documents, any Blue Sky Surveys and, if appropriate, any Agreement
Among Underwriters, Selected Dealers’ Agreement, placement agents’ questionnaire and power of attorney), Registration Statements,
Prospectuses and all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto and as many preliminary and final Prospectuses as the Placement Agent
may reasonably deem necessary; the costs and expenses of the public relations firm referred to in the Engagement Letter; the costs of
preparing, printing and delivering certificates representing such Securities; fees and expenses of the transfer agent for such Securities;
stock transfer taxes, if any, payable upon the transfer of securities from the Company to the Placement Agent; the fees and expenses
of the Company’s accountants and the fees and expenses of the Placement Agent and the Company’s legal counsel and other agents
and representatives. Upon the Placement Agent’s request, the Company shall provide funds to pay all such fees, expenses and disbursements
in excess of the advance paid by the Company in accordance with the Engagement Agreement (the “Advance”). For the
sake of clarity, it is understood and agreed that (i) the Company shall be responsible for the Placement Agent’s legal fees, costs
and expenses in connection with the Offering irrespective of whether the Offering is consummated, and (ii) the maximum amount of legal
fees, costs and expenses incurred by the Placement Agent that the Company shall be responsible for shall not exceed $100,000 in the event
of a Closing, and shall not exceed $50,000 in the event that there is not a Closing, inclusive of the Advance.
Section
7. Indemnification and Contribution.
(a)
The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Placement Agent, its affiliates and each person controlling the Placement Agent
(within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act), and the directors, officers, agents and employees of the Placement Agent, its
affiliates and each such controlling person (the Placement Agent, and each such entity or person. an “Indemnified Person”)
from and against any losses, claims, damages, judgments, assessments, costs and other liabilities (collectively, the “Liabilities”),
and shall reimburse each Indemnified Person for all fees and expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel for
all Indemnified Persons, except as otherwise expressly provided herein) (collectively, the “Expenses”) as they are
incurred by an Indemnified Person in investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any actions, whether or not any Indemnified Person
is a party thereto, (i) caused by, or arising out of or in connection with, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material
fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Incorporated Document, or any Prospectus or by any omission or alleged omission to
state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading (other than untrue statements or alleged untrue statements in, or omissions or alleged omissions from, information relating
to an Indemnified Person furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Indemnified Person expressly for use in the Incorporated Documents)
or (ii) otherwise arising out of or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant
to this Agreement, the transactions contemplated thereby or any Indemnified Person’s actions or inactions in connection with any
such advice, services or transactions; provided, however, that, in the case of clause (ii) only, the Company shall not
be responsible for any Liabilities or Expenses of any Indemnified Person that are finally judicially determined to have resulted solely
from such Indemnified Person’s (x) gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with any of the advice, actions, inactions
or services referred to above or (y) use of any offering materials or information concerning the Company in connection with the offer
or sale of the Securities in the Offering which were not authorized for such use by the Company and which use constitutes gross negligence
or willful misconduct. The Company also agrees to reimburse each Indemnified Person for all Expenses as they are incurred in connection
with enforcing such Indemnified Person’s rights under this Agreement.
(b)
Upon receipt by an Indemnified Person of actual notice of an action against such Indemnified Person with respect to which indemnity may
be sought under this Agreement, such Indemnified Person shall promptly notify the Company in writing; provided that failure by any Indemnified
Person so to notify the Company shall not relieve the Company from any liability which the Company may have on account of this indemnity
or otherwise to such Indemnified Person, except to the extent the Company shall have been prejudiced by such failure. The Company shall
have the right to assume the defense of any such action including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Placement
Agent, which counsel may also be counsel to the Company. Any Indemnified Person shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any
such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified
Person unless: (i) the Company has failed promptly to assume the defense and employ counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such action
(including any impeded parties) include such Indemnified Person and the Company, and such Indemnified Person shall have been advised
in the reasonable opinion of counsel that there is an actual conflict of interest that prevents the counsel selected by the Company from
representing both the Company (or another client of such counsel) and any Indemnified Person; provided that the Company shall not in
such event be responsible hereunder for the fees and expenses of more than one firm of separate counsel for all Indemnified Persons in
connection with any action or related actions, in addition to any local counsel. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of
any action effected without its written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld). In addition, the Company shall not, without
the prior written consent of the Placement Agent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), settle, compromise or consent to the entry
of any judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened action in respect of which indemnification or contribution
may be sought hereunder (whether or not such Indemnified Person is a party thereto) unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination
includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Person from all Liabilities arising out of such action for which indemnification
or contribution may be sought hereunder. The indemnification required hereby shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof
during the course of the investigation or defense, as such expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred and is due and payable.
(c)
In the event that the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to an Indemnified Person other than in accordance with this Agreement, the Company
shall contribute to the Liabilities and Expenses paid or payable by such Indemnified Person in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect
(i) the relative benefits to the Company, on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent and any other Indemnified Person, on the other
hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by the immediately preceding clause is not permitted
by applicable law, not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Placement Agent
and any other Indemnified Person, on the other hand, in connection with the matters as to which such Liabilities or Expenses relate,
as well as any other relevant equitable considerations; provided that in no event shall the Company contribute less than the amount necessary
to ensure that all Indemnified Persons, in the aggregate, are not liable for any Liabilities and Expenses in excess of the amount of
fees actually received by the Placement Agent pursuant to this Agreement. For purposes of this paragraph, the relative benefits to the
Company, on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent on the other hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement shall be deemed
to be in the same proportion as (a) the total value paid or contemplated to be paid to or received or contemplated to be received by
the Company in the transaction or transactions that are within the scope of this Agreement, whether or not any such transaction is consummated,
bears to (b) the fees paid to the Placement Agent under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the above, no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act, as amended, shall be entitled to contribution from a party who was not guilty
of fraudulent misrepresentation.
(d)
The Company also agrees that no Indemnified Person shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise)
to the Company for or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant to this Agreement,
the transactions contemplated thereby or any Indemnified Person’s actions or inactions in connection with any such advice, services
or transactions except for Liabilities (and related Expenses) of the Company that are finally judicially determined to have resulted
solely from such Indemnified Person’s gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with any such advice, actions, inactions
or services.
(e)
The reimbursement, indemnity and contribution obligations of the Company set forth herein shall apply to any modification of this Agreement
and shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any termination of, or the completion of any Indemnified Person’s services
under or in connection with, this Agreement.
Section
8. Representations and Indemnities to Survive Delivery. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other
statements of the Company or any person controlling the Company, of its officers, and of the Placement Agent set forth in or made pursuant
to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Placement Agent,
the Company, or any of its or their partners, officers or directors or any controlling person, as the case may be, and will survive delivery
of and payment for the Securities sold hereunder and any termination of this Agreement. A successor to a Placement Agent, or to the Company,
its directors or officers or any person controlling the Company, shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity, contribution and
reimbursement agreements contained in this Agreement.
Section
9. Notices. All communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed, hand delivered, e-mailed or telecopied and confirmed
to the parties hereto as follows:
If
to the Placement Agent to the address set forth above, attention: James Siegal, email: jsiegel@maximgrp.com
With
a copy to:
Ellenoff
Grossman & Schole LLP
1345
Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor
New
York, New York 10105
E-mail:
mbernstein@egsllp.com
Attention:
Matthew Bernstein
If
to the Company:
Azitra,
Inc.
21
Business Park Drive
Branford,
Connecticut 06405
E-mail:
taskey@azitrainc.com
Attention:
Norman Staskey
With
a copy to:
Greenberg
Traurig, LLP
18565
Jamboree Road, Suite 500
Irvine,
California 92612
E-mail:
donahued@gtlaw.com
Attention:
Daniel K. Donahue
Any
party hereto may change the address for receipt of communications by giving written notice to the others.
Section
10. Successors. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, and to the benefit of the employees,
officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 7 hereof, and to their respective successors, and personal representative,
and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.
Section
11. Partial Unenforceability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not
affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of
this Agreement is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and
only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.
Section
12. Governing Law. This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable
to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State, without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. This Agreement
may not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure
to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any right to trial by jury with respect
to any dispute arising under this Agreement or any transaction or conduct in connection herewith is waived. Any dispute arising under
this Agreement may be brought into the courts of the State of New York or into the Federal Court located in New York, New York and, by
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company hereby accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally,
the jurisdiction of aforesaid courts. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process
being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by delivering a copy thereof via overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to
such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient
service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any
manner permitted by law. The Company agrees that a final judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such
court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company and may be enforced in any other courts to the jurisdiction of which the Company
is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment. If either party to this Agreement shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce
any provisions of a Transaction Document, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party
for its attorney’s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action
or proceeding.
Section
13. General Provisions.
(a)
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement and supersedes all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous
oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary,
the Engagement Agreement, dated June 11, 2024 (“Engagement Agreement”), between the Company and the Placement Agent
shall continue to be effective and the terms therein shall continue to survive and be enforceable by the Placement Agent in accordance
with its terms, provided that, in the event of a conflict between the terms of the Engagement Agreement and this Agreement, the terms
of this Agreement shall prevail. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each one of which shall be an original,
with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. This Agreement may not be amended or modified
unless in writing by all of the parties hereto, and no condition herein (express or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by
each party whom the condition is meant to benefit. Section headings herein are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not
affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement.
(b)
The Company acknowledges that in connection with the offering of the Securities: (i) the Placement Agent’s responsibility to the
Company is solely contractual and commercial in nature, (ii) the Placement Agent has acted at arms length, are not agents of, and owe
no fiduciary duties to the Company or any other person, (iii) the Placement Agent owes the Company only those duties and obligations
set forth in this Agreement and (iv) the Placement Agent may have interests that differ from those of the Company. The Company waives
to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law any claims it may have against the Placement Agent arising from a breach or alleged
breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the offering of the Securities.
[The
remainder of this page has been intentionally left blank.]
If
the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign below whereupon this instrument, along with all
counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms.
| |
Very truly yours, |
| |
|
| |
AZITRA, INC. |
| |
a Delaware corporation |
| |
By: |
/s/
Francisco D. Salva |
| |
|
Francisco
D. Salva, |
| |
|
President
and Chief Executive Officer |
The
foregoing Placement Agency Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
| MAXIM
GROUP LLC |
|
| |
|
|
| By: |
/s/
Ritesh Veera |
|
| Name: |
Ritesh
Veera |
|
| Title: |
Co-Head
of Investment Banking |
|
If
the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign below whereupon this instrument, along with all
counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms.
| |
Very truly yours, |
| |
|
| |
AZITRA, INC. |
| |
a Delaware corporation |
The
foregoing Placement Agency Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
| MAXIM
GROUP LLC |
|
| |
 |
|
| By: |
|
| Name: |
Ritesh
Veera |
|
| Title: |
Co-Head
of Investment Banking |
|
Exhibit
4.1
FORM
OF
CLASS
A COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
AZITRA,
INC.
| Warrant
Shares: |
Issue
Date: July 25, 2024 |
THIS
CLASS A COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, _____________. or its assigns
(the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter
set forth, at any time on or after the Issue Date (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New
York City time) on the five (5) year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, provided that, if such date is not a Trading Day, the
immediately following Trading Day (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from
Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to ____________ shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder,
the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be
equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant shall initially be issued and maintained in the form of a security
held in book-entry form and the Depository Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”) shall initially be the sole registered
holder of this Warrant, subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of
the Warrant Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.
Section
1. Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated
in this Section 1:
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bid
Price” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock
is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Registration
Statement” means the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-280806).
“Reset
Date” means the date that is 30 calendar days immediately following the Issue Date.
“Reset
Price” means the greater of (i) 100% of the trailing five day VWAP immediately preceding the Reset Date and (ii) $0.32 (as
adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations, reclassification, combinations, reverse stock splits
or other similar events occurring after the Issue Date).
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed
or acquired after the date hereof.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transfer
Agent” means VStock Transfer, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere,
NY 11598, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Warrant
Agency Agreement” means that certain warrant agency agreement, dated on or about the date of this Warrant, between the Company
and the Warrant Agent.
“Warrant
Agent” means the Transfer Agent and any successor warrant agent of the Company.
“Warrants”
means this Warrant and other Common Stock purchase warrants issued by the Company pursuant to the Registration Statement.
Section
2. Exercise.
a)
Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time
or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed PDF
copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”).
Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined
in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the
shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless
the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice
of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise
be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to
the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full,
in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which
the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the
total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable
hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records
showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice
of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge
and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the
number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing in this Section 2(a), a holder whose interest in this Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing this
Warrant held in book-entry form through DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions), shall effect
exercises made pursuant to this Section 2(a) by delivering to DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable) the appropriate
instruction form for exercise, complying with the procedures to effect exercise that are required by DTC (or such other clearing corporation,
as applicable), subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.
b)
Exercise Price. The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $1.50, subject to adjustment hereunder
(the “Initial Exercise Price”), provided, however, that if on the Reset Date, the Reset Price is less than the Initial
Exercise Price, the Initial Exercise Price shall be decreased to the Reset Price (it being understood that no adjustment shall be made
if the Reset Price is equal to or greater than the Initial Exercise Price) (the “Exercise Price”).
c)
Cashless Exercise. If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus
contained therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, then this Warrant may only be exercised, in
whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number
of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:
| |
(A) |
= |
as
applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of
Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed
and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined
in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common
Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the Holder’s
execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours”
on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular
trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of
Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant
to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day; |
| |
|
|
|
| |
(B)
|
= |
the
Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and |
| |
|
|
|
| |
(X)
|
= |
the
number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such
exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise. |
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the
Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not
to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
d)
Mechanics of Exercise.
i.
Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by
the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository
Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant
in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale
of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a
certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares
to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date
that is the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading
Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant
Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of
delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise)
is received within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period
following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject
to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not
as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable
Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the third Trading Day after the Warrant Share Delivery
Date) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise.
The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding
and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a
number of Trading Days (including no Trading Days if the settlement date is the trade date), on the Company’s primary Trading Market
with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.
ii.
Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of
a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant
evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in
all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
iii.
Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section
2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv.
Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to
the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions
of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required
by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon
such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x)
the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds
(y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection
with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B)
at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise
was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock
that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the
Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares
of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately
preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating
the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing
herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without
limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
v.
No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company
shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied
by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi.
Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax
or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company,
and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided,
however, that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when
surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may
require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company
shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii.
Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise
of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
e)
Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the
right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance
after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other
Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to
other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on
the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed
with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by
the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of
a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then
outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion
or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date
as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”
shall be 4.99% (or, upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice
to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect
to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall
continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such
notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in
strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent
with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
Section
3. Certain Adjustments.
a)
Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise
makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares
of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this
Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse
stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the
Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which
the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event
and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of
shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant
shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for
the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the
effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b)
Intentionally omitted.
c)
Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had
held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise
hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for
the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the extent that
the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of
Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for
the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
d)
Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or
other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend,
spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the
date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided,
however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder
exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent
(or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such
Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result
in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
e)
Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or
more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary,
directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially
all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange
offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender
or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of greater than 50% of the outstanding
Common Stock or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in
one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory
share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property,
or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other
business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with
another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires greater than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then,
upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been
issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without
regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring
corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”)
receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is
exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this
Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such
Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental
Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the
relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the
securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate
Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary,
in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option,
exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction (or, if later, the
date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction), purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder
an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined below) of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date
of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction; provided, however, that, if the Fundamental Transaction is not within
the Company’s control, including not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, the Holder shall only be entitled to receive
from the Company or any Successor Entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion), at the Black Scholes Value
of the unexercised portion of this Warrant, that is being offered and paid to the holders of Common Stock of the Company in connection
with the Fundamental Transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof, or whether the
holders of Common Stock are given the choice to receive from among alternative forms of consideration in connection with the Fundamental
Transaction; provided, further, that if holders of Common Stock of the Company are not offered or paid any consideration
in such Fundamental Transaction, such holders of Common Stock will be deemed to have received common stock of the Successor Entity (which
Successor Entity may be the Company following such Fundamental Transaction) in such Fundamental Transaction. “Black Scholes
Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function
on Bloomberg, L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction
for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time
between the date of the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected
volatility equal to the 100 day volatility as obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following
the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction, (C) at the election of the Holder, the underlying price
per share used in such calculation shall be based on any of the following (i) the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if
any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction, (ii) the VWAP immediately preceding
the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction or (iii) the consummation of the applicable Fundamental
Transaction, if earlier, (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable
contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date and (E) a zero cost of borrow. The payment of the Black Scholes Value will
be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds (or such other consideration) within the later of (i) five Business Days of the
Holder’s election and (ii) the date of consummation of the Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity
in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing
all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements
in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity
evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding
number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable
and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account
the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock,
such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant
immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to
the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall be added to the term “Company”
under this Warrant (so that from and after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, each and every provision of
this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to each of the Company and
the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally
with the Company, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities shall
assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect
as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the Company herein. For the
avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless of (i) whether the
Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction
occurs prior to the Initial Exercise Date.
f)
Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the
case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date
shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
g)
Notice to Holder.
i.
Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company
shall promptly deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment
to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii.
Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on
the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with
any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries) is a party, any
sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into
other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding
up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email
address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective
date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution,
redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to
be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected
that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to
deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to
be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such
notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
h)
Voluntary Adjustment By Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Trading Market, the Company may at any time during
the term of this Warrant reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the Board
of Directors of the Company.
Section
4. Transfer of Warrant.
a)
Transferability. This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable,
in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written
assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient
to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall
execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not
so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the
Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for
the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b)
New Warrants. If this Warrant is not held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant may be divided
or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying
the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance
with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a
new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants
issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except
as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c)
Warrant Register. The Company or the Warrant Agent, as the case may be, shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained
by the Company or Warrant Agent, as applicable, for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record
Holder hereof from time to time. The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute
owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice
to the contrary.
Section
5. Miscellaneous.
a)
No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights,
dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in no event shall the Company be
required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b)
Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares,
and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant,
shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant
or stock certificate.
c)
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
d)
Authorized Shares.
The
Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a
sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.
The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with
the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all
such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any
applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants
that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof
(other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
Except
and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending
its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale
of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant,
but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary
or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise
immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company
may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof,
as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before
taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the
Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from
any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e)
Intentionally omitted.
f)
Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Warrant (whether brought against a party hereto or their respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,
partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York.
Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York,
Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby
or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is
not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient
venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any
such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery)
to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Warrant and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient
service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any
other manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action, suit or proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Warrant,
the prevailing party in such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for their reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
g)
Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and
the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
h)
Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall
operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision
of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material
damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including,
but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting
any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
i)
Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Holders hereunder including, without
limitation, any Notice of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight
courier service, addressed to the Company, at 21 Business Park Drive, Branford, CT 06045 , Attention: Chief Financial Officer, email
address: staskey@azitrainc.com , or such other email address or address as the Company may specify for such purposes by notice to the
Holders. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Company hereunder shall be in writing and delivered
personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service addressed to each Holder at the e-mail address or
address of such Holder appearing on the books of the Company. Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder shall be deemed
given and effective on the earliest of (i) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail
address set forth in this Section prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission,
if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section on a day that is not a Trading
Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent
by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to
be given. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company
or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.
j)
Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant
to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of
the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company
or by creditors of the Company.
k)
Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will
be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate
compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to
assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
l)
Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall
inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns
of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall
be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
m)
Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on
the one hand, and the Holder or the beneficial owner of this Warrant, on the other hand.
n)
Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid
under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall
be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining
provisions of this Warrant.
o)
Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
a part of this Warrant.
p)
Warrant Agency Agreement. If this Warrant is held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant is issued
subject to the Warrant Agency Agreement. To the extent any provision of this Warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, the provisions of this Warrant shall govern and be controlling.
********************
(Signature
Page Follows)
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above
indicated.
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AZITRA,
INC. |
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By: |
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Francisco
D. Salva, |
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President
and Chief Executive Officer |
NOTICE
OF EXERCISE
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐
in lawful money of the United States; or
☐
if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in
subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless
exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
_______________________________
The
Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name
of Investing Entity: ________________________________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: _________________________________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory: ___________________________________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________________________________
Date:
________________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT
FORM
(To
assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR
VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
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| Dated:
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Exhibit
4.2
PLACEMENT
AGENT’S PURCHASE WARRANT
AZITRA,
INC.
| Warrant
Shares: 266,600 |
Initial
Exercise Date: January 23, 2025 |
Issue
Date: July 25, 2024
This
PLACEMENT AGENT’S PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, Maxim Partners
LLC or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions
hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date referred to above as the Initial Exercise Date (the “Initial Exercise
Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on July 23, 2029 (the “Termination Date”) but not
thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to 266,600
shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share
of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b).
Section
1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Placement
Agency Agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”), dated July 23, 2024, between the Company and Maxim Group LLC,
as placement agent.
Section
2. Exercise.
a)
Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time
or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed facsimile
copy or PDF copy submitted by email (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice
of Exercise”). Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement
Period (as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise
Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States
bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original
Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of
Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this
Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised
in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the
date on which the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a
portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant
Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall
maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection
to any Notice of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this
Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant
Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated
on the face hereof.
b)
Exercise Price. The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $1.875, subject to adjustment hereunder
(the “Exercise Price”).
c)
Cashless Exercise. This Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise”
in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by
(A), where:
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(A)
= |
as
applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of
Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed
and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined
in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common
Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the Holder’s
execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours”
on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular
trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of
Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant
to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day; |
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(B)
= |
the
Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and |
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(X)
= |
the
number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such
exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise. |
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock are then listed
or quoted on The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American or any tier of The Nasdaq Stock Market (each, a “Trading Market”),
the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which
the Common Stock are then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) (based on a trading day from
9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the Common Stock are listed or quoted on the OTCQB or OTCQX
(each as operated by OTC Markets Group, Inc., or any successor market), the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such
date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock are not then listed or quoted for trading
on the OTCQB or OTCQX Markets and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the OTC Pink Market published by OTC Markets Group
Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the
Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company and reasonably acceptable to the Holder, the fees and expenses of which
shall be paid by the Company.
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the
Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not
to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
d)
Mechanics of Exercise.
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i. |
Delivery
of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer
Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust
Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in
such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale
of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and the Warrant Shares are eligible
for resale by the Holder without volume or manner-of-sale limitations pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, and otherwise
by physical delivery of a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee,
for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder
in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice
of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the
Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the
Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which
this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate
Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii)
the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company
fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date,
the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject
to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing
to $20 per Trading Day on the third Trading Day after the Warrant Share Delivery Date) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share
Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer
agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard
Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days (including no Trading Days
if the settlement date is the trade date), on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect
on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise. |
ii.
Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of
a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant
evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in
all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
iii.
Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section
2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv.Compensation
for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if
the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section
2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by
its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon
such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x)
the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds
(y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection
with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B)
at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise
was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock
that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the
Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares
of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately
preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating
the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing
herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without
limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
v.
No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company
shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied
by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi.
Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax
or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company,
and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided,
however, that in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when
surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may
require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company
shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii.
Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise
of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
e)
Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the
right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance
after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other
Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to
other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on
the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed
with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by
the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of
a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then
outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion
or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date
as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”
shall be 4.99% (or, upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice
to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect
to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall
continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such
notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in
strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent
with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
Section
3. Certain Adjustments.
a)
Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise
makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares
of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this
Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse
stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of Common
Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the
numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event
and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of
shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant
shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for
the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the
effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b)
Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had
held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise
hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for
the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the
Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of
Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for
the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
c)
Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or
other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend,
spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the
date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided,
however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder
exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent
(or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such
Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result
in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
d)
Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or
more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary,
directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially
all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange
offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender
or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of greater than 50% of the outstanding
Common Stock or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in
one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory
share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property,
or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other
business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with
another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires greater than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then,
upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been
issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without
regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring
corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”)
receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is
exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this
Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such
Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental
Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the
relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the
securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate
Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary,
in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option,
exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction (or, if later, the
date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction), purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder
an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined below) of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date
of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction; provided, however, that, if the Fundamental Transaction is not within
the Company’s control, including not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, the Holder shall only be entitled to receive
from the Company or any Successor Entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion), at the Black Scholes Value
of the unexercised portion of this Warrant, that is being offered and paid to the holders of Common Stock of the Company in connection
with the Fundamental Transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof, or whether the
holders of Common Stock are given the choice to receive from among alternative forms of consideration in connection with the Fundamental
Transaction; provided, further, that if holders of Common Stock of the Company are not offered or paid any consideration
in such Fundamental Transaction, such holders of Common Stock will be deemed to have received common stock of the Successor Entity (which
Successor Entity may be the Company following such Fundamental Transaction) in such Fundamental Transaction. “Black Scholes
Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function
on Bloomberg, L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction
for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time
between the date of the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected
volatility equal to the 100 day volatility as obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following
the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction, (C) at the election of the Holder, the underlying price
per share used in such calculation shall be based on either of the following, (i) the sum of the price per share being offered in cash,
if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (ii) the VWAP immediately
preceding the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction, or (iii)or the consummation of the applicable
Fundamental Transaction, if earlier, (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the
applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date and (E) a zero cost of borrow. The payment of the Black Scholes
Value will be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds (or such other consideration) within the later of (i) five Business
Days of the Holder’s election and (ii) the date of consummation of the Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor
entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in
writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written
agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior
to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security
of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable
for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common
Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior
to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock
(but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such
shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic
value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in
form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall be added to the
term “Company” under this Warrant (so that from and after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction,
each and every provision of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead
to each of the Company and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Successor Entity or Successor
Entities, jointly and severally with the Company, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and the Successor Entity
or Successor Entities shall assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents
with the same effect as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the
Company herein. For the avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless
of (i) whether the Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a
Fundamental Transaction occurs prior to the Initial Exercise Date.
e)
Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the
case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date
shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
f)
Notice to Holder.
i.
Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company
shall promptly deliver to the Holder by facsimile or email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting
adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii.
Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on
the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with
any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (and all of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole)
is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the
Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution,
liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by facsimile or
email to the Holder at its last facsimile number or email address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least
20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record
is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the
date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants
are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected
to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to
exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger,
sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall
not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this
Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall
simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise
this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except
as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
Section
4. Transfer of Warrant.
a)
Transferability. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1), neither this Warrant nor any Warrant Shares issued upon exercise of this Warrant
shall be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call
transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately
following the commencement of sales of the offering pursuant to which this Warrant is being issued, except as permitted under FINRA Rule
5110(e)(2). Subject to the foregoing restriction, this Warrant and all rights hereunder are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender
of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially
in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable
upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant
or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument
of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant
shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender
this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant
to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the Company assigning this
Warrant in full. This Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for the purchase of Warrant
Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b)
New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of
the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by
the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division
or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided
or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of
this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c)
Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by or on behalf of the Company for that
purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem
and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution
to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
d)
Representation by Holder. The Holder, by the acceptance hereof, represents and warrants that it is acquiring this Warrant and,
upon any exercise hereof, will acquire the Warrant Shares issuable upon such exercise, for its own account and not with a view to or
for distributing or reselling such Warrant Shares or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities
law, except pursuant to sales registered or exempted under the Securities Act.
Section
5. Registration Rights.
| |
a) |
To
the extent the Company does not maintain an effective registration statement for the Warrant Shares and in the further event that
the Company files a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission covering the sale of its shares of Common
Stock (other than a registration statement on Form S-4 or S-8, or on another form, or in another context, in which such “piggyback”
registration would be inappropriate), then, for a period of five (5) years from the commencement of sales of the Offering, the Company
shall give written notice of such proposed filing to the Holder as soon as practicable but in no event less than ten (10) days before
the anticipated filing date, which notice shall describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, the intended
method(s) of distribution, and the name of the proposed managing underwriter or underwriters, if any, of the offering, and offer
to the Holder in such notice the opportunity to register the sale of such number of shares of Warrant Shares as such Holder may request
in writing within five (5) days following receipt of such notice (a “Piggyback Registration”). The Company shall
cause such Warrant Shares to be included in such registration and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the managing
underwriter or underwriters of a proposed underwritten offering to permit the Warrant Shares requested to be included in a Piggyback
Registration on the same terms and conditions as any similar securities of the Company and to permit the sale or other disposition
of such Warrant Shares in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. All Holders proposing to distribute their
securities through a Piggyback Registration that involves an underwriter or underwriters shall enter into an underwriting agreement
in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters selected for such Piggyback Registration. Furthermore, each Holder must provide
such information as reasonably requested by the Company (which information shall be limited to that which is required for disclosure
under the Securities Act and the forms, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) to be included in the registration statement
timely or the Company may elect to exclude such Holder from the registration statement. |
b)
In addition, to the extent the Company does not maintain an effective registration statement for the Warrant Shares, for a period of
five (5) years from the commencement of sales of the Offering, the Holder shall be entitled to one (1) demand right for the registration
of the Warrant Shares at the Company’s expense (other than any underwriting discounts, selling commissions, share transfer taxes
applicable to the sale of the Warrant Shares, and fees and disbursements of counsel for the Holder) (the “Demand Registration”).
In the event of a Demand Registration, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to register the applicable Warrant Shares.
All Holders of Warrant Shares proposing to distribute their securities through a Demand Registration that involves an underwriter or
underwriters shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters selected for such Demand
Registration. Furthermore, each Holder must provide such information as reasonably requested by the Company (which information shall
be limited to that which is required for disclosure under the Securities Act and the forms, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder)
to be included in the registration statement timely or the Company may elect to exclude such Holder from the registration statement.
c)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the registration rights described in this Section 5 shall be subject to limitations imposed by the Commission’s
rules or comments of the Commission staff in connection with its review of the registration statement for any such resale registration.
Moreover, notwithstanding the foregoing registration obligations of the Company, if the Company furnishes to the Holders requesting a
Demand Registration a certificate signed by the Company’s chief executive officer stating that in the good faith judgment of the
Company’s Board of Directors it would be materially detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for a registration statement
to either become effective or remain effective for as long as such registration statement otherwise would be required to remain effective,
because such action would (i) materially interfere with a significant acquisition, corporate reorganization, or other similar transaction
involving the Company; (ii) require premature disclosure of material information that the Company has a bona fide business purpose for
preserving as confidential; or (iii) render the Company unable to comply with requirements under the Securities Act or Exchange Act,
then the Company shall have the right to defer taking action with respect to such Demand Registration or withdraw a related registration
statement for a period of not more than forty-five (45) calendar days; provided, however, that the Company may not invoke this right
more than twice in any twelve (12) month period or during the twelve (12) month period prior to the Termination Date.
Section
6. Miscellaneous.
a)
No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights,
dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in no event shall the Company be
required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b)
Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares,
and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant,
shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant
or stock certificate.
c)
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
d)
Authorized Shares.
i.
The Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock
a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.
The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with
the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all
such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any
applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants
that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof
(other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
ii.
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation,
amending its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue
or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this
Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may
be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise
immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company
may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof,
as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
iii.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or
in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary
from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e)
Governing Law; Venue. This Warrant shall be deemed to have been executed and delivered in New York and both this Warrant and the
transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed as to validity, interpretation, construction, effect, and in all other respects by
the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements wholly performed within the borders of such state and without regard to the
conflicts of laws principals thereof (other than Section 5-1401 of The New York General Obligations Law). Each of the Holder and the
Company: (a) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Warrant and/or the transactions contemplated
hereby shall be instituted exclusively in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, or in the United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York, (b) waives any objection which it may have or hereafter to the venue of any such suit, action
or proceeding, and (c) irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, or in the
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Holder and the
Company further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding
in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New
York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the Company’s address or delivered by Federal
Express via overnight delivery shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company, in any such suit, action
or proceeding, and service of process upon the Holder mailed by certified mail to the Holder’s address or delivered by Federal
Express via overnight delivery shall be deemed in every respect effective service process upon the Holder, in any such suit, action or
proceeding. THE HOLDER (ON BEHALF OF ITSELF, ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ON BEHALF OF ITS RESPECTIVE
EQUITY HOLDERS AND CREDITORS) HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT HOLDER MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY CLAIM BASED UPON, ARISING
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS WARRANT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS WARRANT.
f)
Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and
the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
g)
Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall
operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision
of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material
damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including,
but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting
any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
h)
Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided hereunder shall be made in accordance with the
Placement Agency Agreement.
i)
Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant
to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of
the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company
or by creditors of the Company.
j)
Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will
be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate
compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to
assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
k)
Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall
inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns
of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall
be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
l)
Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on
the one hand, and the Holder of this Warrant, on the other hand.
m)
Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid
under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall
be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining
provisions of this Warrant.
n)
Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
a part of this Warrant.
********************
(Signature
Page Follows)
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above
indicated.
| |
|
AZITRA,
INC.
|
| |
|
|
| |
By: |
/s/
Francisco D. Salva
|
| |
|
Francisco D. Salva |
| |
|
President and Chief
Executive Officer |
NOTICE
OF EXERCISE
To:
AZITRA, INC.
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐
in lawful money of the United States; or
☐
if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection
2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure
set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
_______________________________
The
Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name
of Investing Entity: ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity:
_________________________________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory:
___________________________________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory:
Date:
___________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT
FORM
(To
assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR
VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| Name: |
_______________________________________________ |
| |
(Please
Print) |
| Address: |
_______________________________________________ |
| |
(Please
Print) |
|
Phone
Number:
|
______________________________________
|
| Email
Address: |
______________________________________ |
| Dated:
_______________ __, ______ |
|
| Holder’s
Signature:_________________________________ |
|
| Holder’s
Address:_________________________________ |
|
Exhibit
4.3
Warrant
Agent Agreement
This
WARRANT AGENT AGREEMENT (this “Warrant Agreement”) dated as of July 23, 2024 is by and between Azitra, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), and VStock Transfer, LLC (the “Warrant Agent”).
WHEREAS,
the Company is selling in a public offering up to (i) 6,665,000 units (the “Units”), with each Unit consisting of
(x) one (1) share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”) and (y) two (2) Class A warrants to
purchase two shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.50 (each, a “Class A Warrant” and collectively, the
“Class A Warrants” or the “Warrants”) or, in lieu thereof, (ii) pre-funded units (the “Pre-funded
Units”), with each Pre-funded Unit consisting of (x) two (2) Class A Warrants and (z) one (1) pre-funded warrant to purchase
one (1) share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share of Common Stock (each, a “Pre-funded Warrant”
and collectively, the “Pre-funded Warrants”);
WHEREAS,
the Company has filed, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, a registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-280806)
(as the same may be amended from time to time, the “Registration Statement”), for the registration, under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, of the offer and sale of the Units, Pre-funded Units, Common Stock, Warrants, Pre-funded Warrants, and Common
Stock underlying Pre-funded Warrants and Warrants, and such Registration Statement was declared effective on July 23, 2024;
WHEREAS,
the Company desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing to so act, in accordance with
the terms set forth in this Warrant Agreement in connection with the issuance, registration, transfer, exchange and exercise of the Warrants
and the Pre-funded Warrants;
WHEREAS,
the Company desires to provide for the provisions of the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants, the terms upon which they shall be issued
and exercised, and the respective rights, limitation of rights, and immunities of the Company, the Warrant Agent, and the holders of
the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants; and
WHEREAS,
all acts and things have been done and performed which are necessary to make the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants the valid, binding
and legal obligations of the Company, and to authorize the execution and delivery of this Warrant Agreement;
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.
Appointment of Warrant Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Warrant Agent to act as agent for the Company with respect to the
Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants, and the Warrant Agent hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the same in accordance
with the express terms and conditions set forth in this Warrant Agreement (and no implied terms or conditions).
2.
Warrants.
2.1.
Form of Warrants. The Class A Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants shall each be registered securities and shall be evidenced
by a global warrant (each, a “Global Warrant”) in the forms of Exhibit A and Exhibit B to this Warrant
Agreement, which shall be deposited on behalf of the Company with a custodian for The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”)
and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC. The terms of the Global Warrants are incorporated herein by reference.
If DTC subsequently ceases to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Class A Warrants or the Pre-funded Warrants, the
Company may instruct the Warrant Agent regarding making other arrangements for book-entry settlement. In the event that the Class A Warrants
or the Pre-funded Warrants are not eligible for, or it is no longer necessary to have such instruments available in, book-entry form,
the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent to provide written instructions to DTC to deliver to the Warrant Agent for cancellation the
applicable Global Warrant, and the Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent to deliver to DTC separate certificates evidencing Class
A Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants (“Definitive Certificates” and, together with the Global Warrants, “Warrant
Certificates”) registered as requested through the DTC system.
2.2.
Issuance and Registration of Warrants.
2.2.1.
Warrant Register. The Warrant Agent shall maintain books (“Warrant Register”) for the registration of original
issuance and the registration of transfer of the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants.
2.2.2.
Issuance of Warrants. Upon the initial issuance of the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants, the Warrant Agent shall issue the
Global Warrants and deliver the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants in the DTC book-entry settlement system in accordance with written
instructions delivered to the Warrant Agent by the Company. Ownership of security entitlements in the Warrants and the Pre-funded Warrants
shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership shall be effected through, records maintained (i) by DTC and (ii) by institutions
that have accounts with DTC (each, a “Participant”).
2.2.3.
Beneficial Owner; Holder. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, the Company
and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name that Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant shall be registered on the Warrant
Register (the “Holder”) as the absolute owner of such security for purposes of any exercise thereof, and for all other
purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary; provided, that the rights of
beneficial owners in a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant evidenced by a Global Warrant shall be exercised by the Holder or a Participant
through the DTC system. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Warrant Agent or any agent of the
Company or the Warrant Agent from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC governing
the exercise of the rights of a holder of a beneficial interest in any Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant.
2.2.4.
Delivery of Warrant Certificate. A Holder has the right to elect at any time or from time to time a Warrant Exchange (as defined
below) pursuant to a Warrant Certificate Request Notice (as defined below). Upon written notice by a Holder to the Warrant Agent for
the exchange of some or all of such Holder’s Global Warrants for a Warrant Certificate evidencing the same number of Class A Warrants
or Pre-funded Warrants, which request shall be in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (a “Warrant Certificate Request
Notice”) and the deemed surrender upon delivery by the Holder of a number of Global Warrants for the same number of Class A
Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants evidenced by a Warrant Certificate, a “Warrant Exchange”), the Warrant Agent shall
promptly effect the Warrant Exchange and shall promptly issue and deliver to the Holder a Warrant Certificate for such number of Class
A Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants in the name set forth in the Warrant Certificate Request Notice. Such Warrant Certificate shall be
dated the date of issuance of the Warrant Certificate, shall include the initial exercise date of the Class A Warrants or Pre-funded
Warrants, shall be executed by an authorized signatory of the Company and shall be reasonably acceptable in all respects to such Holder.
In connection with a Warrant Exchange, the Company agrees to deliver, or to direct the Warrant Agent to deliver, the Warrant Certificate
to the Holder within three (3) Business Days of the Warrant Certificate Request Notice pursuant to the delivery instructions in the Warrant
Certificate Request Notice. The Company covenants and agrees that, upon the date of delivery of the Warrant Certificate Request Notice,
the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of the Warrant Certificate and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein,
the Warrant Certificate shall be deemed for all purposes to contain all of the terms and conditions of the Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants
evidenced by such Warrant Certificate and the terms of this Agreement.
2.2.5.
Execution. The Warrant Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any authorized officer of the Company (an “Authorized
Officer”), which need not be the same authorized signatory for all of the Warrant Certificates, either manually or by facsimile
signature. The Warrant Certificates shall be countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Warrant Agent, which need not be the same
signatory for all of the Warrant Certificates, and no Warrant Certificate shall be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In
case any Authorized Officer of the Company that signed any of the Warrant Certificates ceases to be an Authorized Officer of the Company
before countersignature by the Warrant Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company, such Warrant Certificates, nevertheless, may be
countersigned by the Warrant Agent, issued and delivered with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Warrant
Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company; and any Warrant Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by
any person who, at the actual date of the execution of such Warrant Certificate, shall be an Authorized Officer of the Company authorized
to sign such Warrant Certificate, although at the date of the execution of this Warrant Agreement any such person was not such an Authorized
Officer.
2.2.6.
Registration of Transfer. At any time at or prior to the Termination Date (as defined below), a transfer of any Class A Warrants
or Pre-funded Warrants may be registered and any Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates may be split up, combined or exchanged for
another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates evidencing the same number of Class A Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants as the Warrant
Certificate or Warrant Certificates surrendered. Any Holder desiring to register the transfer of Class A Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants
or to split up, combine or exchange any Warrant Certificate shall make such request in writing delivered to the Warrant Agent, and shall
surrender to the Warrant Agent the Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates evidencing the Class A Warrants or the Pre-funded Warrants
the transfer of which is to be registered or that is or are to be split up, combined or exchanged and, in the case of registration of
transfer, shall provide a signature guarantee. Thereupon, the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver to the person entitled thereto
a Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates, as the case may be, as so requested; provided, however that Class A Warrants
and Pre-funded Warrants may not be combined in the same Warrant Certificate. The Company and the Warrant Agent may require payment, by
the Holder requesting a registration of transfer of Class A Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants or a split-up, combination or exchange of
a Warrant Certificate (but, for purposes of clarity, not upon the exercise of the Warrants and issuance of Warrant Shares to the Holder),
of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with such registration of transfer, split-up,
combination or exchange, together with reimbursement to the Company and the Warrant Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto.
2.2.7.
Loss, Theft and Mutilation of Warrant Certificates. Upon receipt by the Company and the Warrant Agent of evidence reasonably satisfactory
to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Warrant Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity
or security in customary form and amount, and reimbursement to the Company and the Warrant Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental
thereto, and upon surrender to the Warrant Agent and cancellation of the Warrant Certificate if mutilated, the Warrant Agent shall, on
behalf of the Company, countersign and deliver a new Warrant Certificate of like tenor to the Holder in lieu of the Warrant Certificate
so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated. The Warrant Agent may charge the Holder an administrative fee for processing the replacement
of lost Warrant Certificates. The Warrant Agent may receive compensation from the surety companies or surety agents for administrative
services provided to them.
2.2.8.
Proxies. The Holder of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant may grant proxies or otherwise authorize any person, including the Participants
and beneficial holders that may own interests through the Participants, to take any action that a Holder is entitled to take under this
Agreement or the Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants; provided, however, that at all times that Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants
are evidenced by a Global Warrant, exercise of those Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants shall be effected on their behalf by Participants
through DTC in accordance the procedures administered by DTC.
3.
Terms and Exercise of Warrants.
3.1.
Exercise Price. Each Warrant shall entitle the Holder, subject to the provisions of the applicable Warrant Certificate and of
this Warrant Agreement, to purchase from the Company the number of shares of Common Stock stated therein, at the exercise price stated
therein, subject to the subsequent adjustments provided in the Global Warrant. Each Pre-funded Warrant shall entitle the Holder, subject
to the provisions of the applicable Warrant Certificate and of this Warrant Agreement to purchase from the Company the number of shares
of Common Stock stated therein, at the price of $0.0001 per share of Common Stock, subject to the subsequent adjustments provided in
the Global Warrant. The term “Exercise Price” as used in this Warrant Agreement refers to the price per share at which
shares of Common Stock may be purchased at the time a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant is exercised.
3.2.
Duration of Warrants. A Warrant may be exercised only during the period (“Exercise Period”) commencing on the
date of issuance and ending on the Termination Date. For purposes of this Warrant Agreement, the “Termination Date”
of the Class A Warrants shall have the meaning set forth in each Global Warrant evidencing the Class A Warrants. Each Warrant not exercised
on or before the Termination Date shall become void, and all rights thereunder and all rights in respect thereof under this Agreement
shall cease at the close of business on the Termination Date. The Pre-funded Warrants do not expire.
3.3.
Exercise of Warrants.
3.3.1.
Exercise. Subject to the provisions of each Global Warrant, a Holder (or a Participant or a designee of a Participant acting on
behalf of a Holder) may exercise Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants by delivering to the Warrant Agent, not later than 4:00 P.M., Eastern
Time, on any business day during the Exercise Period a notice of exercise of the Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants to be exercised (i)
in the form attached to the Global Warrant or (ii) via an electronic warrant exercise through the DTC system (each, an “Election
to Purchase”) and, unless the cashless exercise procedure is specified in the applicable Election to Purchase, delivery of
the aggregate Exercise Price of the Warrant Shares specified in the applicable Election to Purchase. All other requirements for the exercise
of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant shall be as set forth in the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, respectively. Notwithstanding anything
herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender a Warrant Certificate to the Warrant Agent until the
Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available thereunder and the applicable Warrant Certificate has been exercised in full,
in which case, the Holder shall surrender the Warrant Certificate to the Warrant Agent for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days
of the date on which the final Election to Purchase is delivered to the Warrant Agent. Partial exercises of a Warrant Certificate resulting
in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available thereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding
number of Warrant Shares purchasable thereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased.
3.3.2.
The Warrant Agent shall, by 5:00 P.M., Eastern Time, on the Trading Day of the Exercise Date (as defined below) of any Warrant or Pre-funded
Warrant, advise the Company, the transfer agent and registrar for the Company’s Common Stock, in respect of (i) the number of Warrant
Shares indicated on the Notice of Exercise as issuable upon such exercise with respect to such exercised Warrants, (ii) the instructions
of the Holder or Participant, as the case may be, provided to the Warrant Agent with respect to the delivery of the Warrant Shares and
the number of Warrants or Pre-Funded Warrants that remain outstanding after such exercise and (iii) such other information as the Company
or such transfer agent and registrar shall reasonably request. The Company shall issue the Warrant Shares in compliance with the terms
of the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, as applicable.
3.3.3.
Valid Issuance. All Warrant Shares issued by the Company upon the proper exercise of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant in conformity
with this Warrant Agreement shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
3.3.4.
No Fractional Exercise. Notwithstanding any provision contained in this Warrant Agreement to the contrary, no fractional shares
or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant. As to any fraction of
a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a
cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to
the next whole share.
3.3.5.
No Transfer Taxes. The Company shall not be required to pay any stamp or other tax or governmental charge required to be paid
in connection with any transfer involved in the issue of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants; and
in the event that any such transfer is involved, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Warrant Shares until such
tax or other charge shall have been paid or it has been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax or other charge
is due.
3.3.6.
Date of Issuance. The Company will treat an exercising Holder as a beneficial owner of the Warrant Shares as of the time of delivery
of a Notice of Exercise (as defined in the Warrant Certificate) to the Warrant Agent or the Company, and for purposes of Regulation SHO,
a holder whose interest in the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing the Warrant or Pre-funded
Warrant held in book-entry form through DTC shall be deemed to have exercised its interest in the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant upon
instructing its broker that is a DTC participant to exercise its interest in the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant (the date of any such
exercise, an “Exercise Date”), except that, if the Exercise Date is a date when the stock transfer books of the Company
are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the holder of such shares at the open of business on the next succeeding date
on which the stock transfer books are open.
4.
Adjustments. Upon every adjustment of the Exercise Price or the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant or
Pre-funded Warrant, the Company shall give written notice thereof to the Warrant Agent, which notice shall state the Exercise Price resulting
from such adjustment and the increase or decrease, if any, in the number of Warrant Shares purchasable at such price upon the exercise
of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation
is based. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Section 3 of the Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, then, in any such event, the
Company shall give written notice to the Warrant Agent. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality
or validity of such event. The Warrant Agent shall be entitled to rely conclusively on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, any
certificate, notice or instructions provided by the Company with respect to any adjustment of the Exercise Price or the number of shares
issuable upon exercise of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant, or any related matter, and the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action
taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with any such certificate, notice or instructions or pursuant to this Warrant
Agreement. The Warrant Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any such adjustment unless and until it shall have received written
notice thereof from the Company.
5.
Restrictive Legends; Fractional Warrants. In the event that a Warrant Certificate surrendered for transfer bears a restrictive
legend, the Warrant Agent shall not register that transfer until the Warrant Agent has received an opinion of counsel for the Company
stating that such transfer may be made and indicating whether the Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants must also bear a restrictive legend
upon that transfer. The Warrant Agent shall not be required to effect any registration of transfer or exchange which will result in the
transfer of or delivery of a Warrant Certificate for a fraction of a Warrant or Pre-funded Warrant.
6.
Other Provisions Relating to Rights of Holders of Warrants.
6.1.
No Rights as Stockholder. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, a Holder, solely in its capacity as a holder of Warrants
or Pre-funded Warrants, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for
any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant Agreement be construed to confer upon a Holder, solely in its capacity as the
registered holder of Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or
withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of share capital, consolidation,
merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights or rights to participate in new
issues of shares, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which it is then entitled to receive upon the
due exercise of Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants.
6.2.
Reservation of Common Stock. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available a number of its authorized but unissued
shares of Common Stock that will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants issued
pursuant to this Warrant Agreement.
7.
Concerning the Warrant Agent and Other Matters.
7.1.
Any instructions given to the Warrant Agent orally, as permitted by any provision of this Warrant Agreement, shall be confirmed in writing
by the Company as soon as practicable. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable or responsible and shall be fully authorized and protected
for acting, or failing to act, in accordance with any oral instructions which do not conform with the written confirmation received in
accordance with this Section 7.1.
7.2.
(a) Whether or not any Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants are exercised, for the Warrant Agent’s services as agent for the Company
hereunder, the Company shall pay to the Warrant Agent such fees as may be separately agreed between the Company and Warrant Agent. (b)
All amounts owed by the Company to the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement are due within 30 days of the invoice date. Delinquent
payments are subject to a late payment charge of one and one-half percent (1.5%) per month commencing 45 days from the invoice date.
The Company agrees to reimburse the Warrant Agent for any attorney’s fees and any other costs associated with collecting delinquent
payments. (c) No provision of this Warrant Agreement shall require Warrant Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any
financial liability in the performance of any of its duties under this Warrant Agreement or in the exercise of its rights.
7.3.
As agent for the Company hereunder the Warrant Agent: (a) shall have no duties or obligations other than those specifically set forth
herein or as may subsequently be agreed to in writing by the Warrant Agent and the Company; (b) shall be regarded as making no representations
and having no responsibilities as to the validity, sufficiency, value, or genuineness of the Warrants, Pre-funded Warrants or any Warrant
Shares; (c) shall not be obligated to take any legal action hereunder; if, however, the Warrant Agent determines to take any legal action
hereunder, and where the taking of such action might, in its judgment, subject or expose it to any expense or liability it shall not
be required to act unless it has been furnished with an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it; (d) may rely on and shall be fully authorized
and protected in acting or failing to act upon any certificate, instrument, opinion, notice, letter or other document or security delivered
to the Warrant Agent and believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper party or parties; (e) shall not be liable
or responsible for any recital or statement contained in the Registration Statement or any other documents relating thereto; (f) shall
not be liable or responsible for any failure on the part of the Company to comply with any of its covenants and obligations relating
to the Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants, including without limitation obligations under applicable securities laws; (g) may rely on and
shall be fully authorized and protected in acting or failing to act upon the written, telephonic or oral instructions with respect to
any matter relating to its duties as Warrant Agent covered by this Warrant Agreement (or supplementing or qualifying any such actions)
of officers of the Company, and is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties
hereunder from the Company or counsel to the Company, and may apply to the Company, for advice or instructions in connection with the
Warrant Agent’s duties hereunder, and the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any delay in acting while waiting for those instructions;
any applications by the Warrant Agent for written instructions from the Company may, at the option of the Warrant Agent, set forth in
writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement and the date on or after which such
action shall be taken or such omission shall be effective; the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action taken by, or omission
of, the Warrant Agent in accordance with a proposal included in such application on or after the date specified in such application (which
date shall not be less than five business days after the date such application is sent to the Company, unless the Company shall have
consented in writing to any earlier date) unless prior to taking any such action, the Warrant Agent shall have received written instructions
in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted; (h) may consult with counsel satisfactory to the Warrant
Agent, including its in-house counsel; (i) may perform any of its duties hereunder either directly or by or through nominees, correspondents,
designees, or subagents, and it shall not be liable or responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any nominee, correspondent,
designee, or subagent appointed with reasonable care by it in connection with this Warrant Agreement; (j) is not authorized, and shall
have no obligation, to pay any brokers, dealers, or soliciting fees to any person; and (k) shall not be required hereunder to comply
with the laws or regulations of any country other than the United States of America or any political subdivision thereof.
7.4.
(a) In the absence of gross negligence or willful or illegal misconduct on its part, the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action
taken, suffered, or omitted by it or for any error of judgment made by it in the performance of its duties under this Warrant Agreement.
Anything in this Warrant Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall Warrant Agent be liable for special, indirect,
incidental, consequential or punitive losses or damages of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits, liquidated
damages or buy-in claims), even if the Warrant Agent has been advised of the possibility of such losses or damages and regardless of
the form of action. Any liability of the Warrant Agent will be limited in the aggregate to the amount of fees paid by the Company hereunder.
The Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any failures, delays or losses, arising directly or indirectly out of conditions beyond its
reasonable control including, but not limited to, acts of government, exchange or market ruling, suspension of trading, work stoppages
or labor disputes, fires, civil disobedience, riots, rebellions, storms, electrical or mechanical failure, computer hardware or software
failure, communications facilities failures including telephone failure, war, terrorism, insurrection, earthquakes, floods, acts of God
or similar occurrences. (b) In the event any question or dispute arises with respect to the proper interpretation of the Warrants or
the Warrant Agent’s duties under this Warrant Agreement or the rights of the Company or of any Holder, the Warrant Agent shall
not be required to act and shall not be held liable or responsible for its refusal to act until the question or dispute has been judicially
settled (and, if appropriate, it may file a suit in interpleader or for a declaratory judgment for such purpose) by final judgment rendered
by a court of competent jurisdiction, binding on all persons interested in the matter which is no longer subject to review or appeal,
or settled by a written document in form and substance satisfactory to Warrant Agent and executed by the Company and each such Holder.
In addition, the Warrant Agent may require for such purpose, but shall not be obligated to require, the execution of such written settlement
by all the Holders and all other persons that may have an interest in the settlement.
7.5.
The Company covenants to indemnify the Warrant Agent and hold it harmless from and against any loss, liability, claim or expense (“Loss”)
arising out of or in connection with the Warrant Agent’s duties under this Warrant Agreement, including the costs and expenses
of defending itself against any Loss, unless such Loss shall have been determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be a result
of the Warrant Agent’s gross negligence or willful or illegal misconduct.
7.6.
Unless terminated earlier by the parties hereto, this Agreement shall terminate 90 days after the later of the Termination Date (as defined
in the Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants) and the date on which no Warrants remain outstanding (the “Termination Date”).
On the business day following the Termination Date, the Warrant Agent shall deliver to the Company any entitlements, if any, held by
the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement. The Agent’s right to be reimbursed for fees, charges and out-of-pocket expenses
as provided in this Section 8 shall survive the termination of this Warrant Agreement.
7.7.
If any provision of this Warrant Agreement shall be held illegal, invalid, or unenforceable by any court, this Warrant Agreement shall
be construed and enforced as if such provision had not been contained herein and shall be deemed an agreement among the parties to it
to the full extent permitted by applicable law.
7.8.
The Company represents and warrants that: (a) it is duly incorporated and validly existing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation;
(b) the offer and sale of the Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants and the execution, delivery and performance of all transactions contemplated
thereby (including this Warrant Agreement) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not result in a breach
of or constitute a default under the articles of association, bylaws or any similar document of the Company or any indenture, agreement
or instrument to which it is a party or is bound; (c) this Warrant Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and
constitutes the legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligation of the Company; (d) the Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants will comply
in all material respects with all applicable requirements of law; and (e) to the best of its knowledge, there is no litigation pending
or threatened as of the date hereof in connection with the offering of the Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants.
7.9.
In the event of inconsistency between this Warrant Agreement and the terms set forth in the Warrant Certificate with respect to a Warrant
or Pre-funded Warrant, as it may from time to time be amended, the terms of the Warrant Certificate shall control.
7.10.
Set forth in Exhibit D hereto is a list of the names and specimen signatures of the persons authorized to act for the Company
under this Warrant Agreement (the “Authorized Representatives”). The Company shall, from time to time, certify to
the Warrant Agent the names and signatures of any other persons authorized to act for the Company under this Warrant Agreement.
7.11.
Except as expressly set forth elsewhere in this Warrant Agreement, all notices, instructions and communications under this Agreement
shall be in writing, shall be effective upon receipt and shall be addressed, if to the Company, to its address set forth beneath its
signature to this Agreement, or, if to the Warrant Agent, to VStock Transfer, LLC, 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, NY 11598, or to such
other address of which a party hereto has notified the other party.
7.12.
(a) This Warrant Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. All actions and proceedings
relating to or arising from, directly or indirectly, this Warrant Agreement may be litigated in courts located within the Borough of
Manhattan in the City and State of New York. The Company hereby submits to the personal jurisdiction of such courts and consents that
any service of process may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, directed to the Company at its address
last specified for notices hereunder. (b) This Warrant Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and
assigns of the parties hereto. This Warrant Agreement may not be assigned, or otherwise transferred, in whole or in part, by either party
without the prior written consent of the other party, which the other party will not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay; except
that (i) consent is not required for an assignment or delegation of duties by Warrant Agent to any affiliate of Warrant Agent and (ii)
any reorganization, merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other form of business combination by the Warrant Agent or the Company shall
not be deemed to constitute an assignment of this Warrant Agreement. (c) No provision of this Warrant Agreement may be amended, modified
or waived, except in a written document signed by both parties.
7.13.
Payment of Taxes. The Company will from time to time promptly pay all taxes and charges that may be imposed upon the Company or
the Warrant Agent in respect of the issuance or delivery of Warrant Shares upon the exercise of Warrants and Pre-funded Warrants, but
the Company may require the Holders to pay any transfer taxes in respect of the Warrants or such shares. The Warrant Agent may refrain
from registering any transfer of Warrants or Pre-funded Warrants or any delivery of any Warrant Shares unless or until the persons requesting
the registration or issuance shall have paid to the Warrant Agent for the account of the Company the amount of such tax or charge, if
any, or shall have established to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company and the Warrant Agent that such tax or charge, if any, has
been paid.
7.14.
Resignation of Warrant Agent.
7.14.1.
Appointment of Successor Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent, or any successor to it hereafter appointed, may resign its duties and
be discharged from all further duties and liabilities hereunder after giving thirty (30) days’ notice in writing to the Company,
or such shorter period of time agreed to by the Company. The Company may terminate the services of the Warrant Agent, or any successor
Warrant Agent, after giving thirty (30) days’ notice in writing to the Warrant Agent or successor Warrant Agent, or such shorter
period of time as agreed. If the office of the Warrant Agent becomes vacant by resignation, termination or incapacity to act or otherwise,
the Company shall appoint in writing a successor Warrant Agent in place of the Warrant Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such
appointment within a period of 30 days after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent,
then the Warrant Agent or any Holder may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent
at the Company’s cost. Pending appointment of a successor to such Warrant Agent, either by the Company or by such a court, the
duties of the Warrant Agent shall be carried out by the Company. Any successor Warrant Agent (but not including the initial Warrant Agent),
whether appointed by the Company or by such court, shall be a person organized and existing under the laws of any state of the United
States of America, in good standing, and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or
examination by federal or state authority. After appointment, any successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with all the authority, powers,
rights, immunities, duties, and obligations of its predecessor Warrant Agent with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent
hereunder, without any further act or deed, and except for executing and delivering documents as provided in the sentence that follows,
the predecessor Warrant Agent shall have no further duties, obligations, responsibilities or liabilities hereunder, but shall be entitled
to all rights that survive the termination of this Warrant Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Warrant Agent, including but
not limited to its right to indemnity hereunder. If for any reason it becomes necessary or appropriate or at the request of the Company,
the predecessor Warrant Agent shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Company, an instrument transferring to such successor
Warrant Agent all the authority, powers, and rights of such predecessor Warrant Agent hereunder; and upon request of any successor Warrant
Agent the Company shall make, execute, acknowledge, and deliver any and all instruments in writing for more fully and effectually vesting
in and confirming to such successor Warrant Agent all such authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations.
7.14.2.
Notice of Successor Warrant Agent. In the event a successor Warrant Agent shall be appointed, the Company shall give notice thereof
to the predecessor Warrant Agent and the transfer agent for the Common Stock not later than the effective date of any such appointment.
7.14.3.
Merger or Consolidation of Warrant Agent. Any person into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or converted or with which it
may be consolidated or any person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party
or any person succeeding to the shareowner services business of the Warrant Agent or any successor Warrant Agent shall be the successor
Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement, without any further act or deed. For purposes of this Warrant Agreement, “person”
shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, trust or other entity,
and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) thereof or thereto.
8.
Miscellaneous Provisions.
8.1.
Persons Having Rights under this Warrant Agreement. Nothing in this Warrant Agreement expressed and nothing that may be implied
from any of the provisions hereof is intended, or shall be construed, to confer upon, or give to, any person or corporation other than
the parties hereto any right, remedy, or claim under or by reason of this Warrant Agreement or of any covenant, condition, stipulation,
promise, or agreement hereof.
8.2.
Examination of the Warrant Agreement. A copy of this Warrant Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the office
of the Warrant Agent designated for such purpose for inspection by any Holder. Prior to such inspection, the Warrant Agent may require
any such holder to provide reasonable evidence of its interest in the Warrants or the Pre-funded Warrants.
8.3.
Counterparts. This Warrant Agreement may be executed in any number of original, facsimile or electronic counterparts and each
of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one
and the same instrument.
8.4.
Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this Warrant Agreement and shall
not affect the interpretation thereof.
9.
Certain Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
| (a) | “Trading
Day” means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Trading Market, or,
if the Trading Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the
principal securities exchange or securities market in the United States on which the Common
Stock are then traded, provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any
day on which the Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than
4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock are suspended from trading during the final hour
of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in
advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending
at 4:00 P.M., Eastern Time). |
| | | |
| (b) | “Trading
Market” means NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market,
the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock Exchange. |
[Signature
Page Follows]
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, this Warrant Agent Agreement has been duly executed by the parties hereto as of the day and year first above written.
| |
AZITRA,
INC. |
| |
|
|
| |
By: |
/s/
Francisco D. Salva |
| |
Name: |
Francisco
D. Salva |
| |
Title: |
President
and Chief Executive Officer |
| |
Address: |
21
Business Park Drive |
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Branford,
CT 06405 |
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VSTOCK
TRANSFER, LLC |
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By: |
/s/
Young Kim |
| |
Name: |
Young
Kim |
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Title: |
|
EXHIBIT
A
GLOBAL
CLASS A WARRANT
CLASS
A COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
AZITRA,
INC.
| Warrant
Shares: [_______ |
|
Issue
Date: July 25, 2024 |
THIS
CLASS A COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, _____________ or its assigns
(the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter
set forth, at any time on or after the Issue Date (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New
York City time) on the five (5) year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, provided that, if such date is not a Trading Day, the
immediately following Trading Day (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from
Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to ______ shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the
“Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal
to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant shall initially be issued and maintained in the form of a security held
in book-entry form and the Depository Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”) shall initially be the sole registered
holder of this Warrant, subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of
the Warrant Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.
Section
1. Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated
in this Section 1:
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bid
Price” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock
is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Registration
Statement” means the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-280806).
“Reset
Date” means the date that is 30 calendar days immediately following the Issue Date.
“Reset
Price” means the greater of (i) 100% of the trailing five day VWAP immediately preceding the Reset Date and (ii) $0.32 (as
adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations, reclassification, combinations, reverse stock splits
or other similar events occurring after the Issue Date).
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed
or acquired after the date hereof.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transfer
Agent” means VStock Transfer, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere,
NY 11598, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Warrant
Agency Agreement” means that certain warrant agency agreement, dated on or about the date of this Warrant, between the Company
and the Warrant Agent.
“Warrant
Agent” means the Transfer Agent and any successor warrant agent of the Company.
“Warrants”
means this Warrant and other Common Stock purchase warrants issued by the Company pursuant to the Registration Statement.
Section
2. Exercise.
a)
Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time
or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed PDF
copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”).
Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined
in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the
shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless
the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice
of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise
be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to
the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full,
in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which
the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the
total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable
hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records
showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice
of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge
and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the
number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing in this Section 2(a), a holder whose interest in this Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing this
Warrant held in book-entry form through DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions), shall effect
exercises made pursuant to this Section 2(a) by delivering to DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable) the appropriate
instruction form for exercise, complying with the procedures to effect exercise that are required by DTC (or such other clearing corporation,
as applicable), subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.
b)
Exercise Price. The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $1.50, subject to adjustment hereunder
(the “Initial Exercise Price”), provided, however, that if on the Reset Date, the Reset Price is less than the Initial
Exercise Price, the Initial Exercise Price shall be decreased to the Reset Price (it being understood that no adjustment shall be made
if the Reset Price is equal to or greater than the Initial Exercise Price) (the “Exercise Price”).
c)
Cashless Exercise. If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus
contained therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, then this Warrant may only be exercised, in
whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number
of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:
| (A) | =
as applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable
Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant
to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered
pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading
hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities
laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading
Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the
Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise
is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered
within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular
trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP
on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is
a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section
2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day; |
| | | |
| | (B) | =
the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and |
| | | |
| | (X) | =
the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance
with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than
a cashless exercise. |
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the
Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not
to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
d)
Mechanics of Exercise.
i.
Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by
the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository
Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant
in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale
of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a
certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares
to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date
that is the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading
Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant
Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of
delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise)
is received within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period
following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject
to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not
as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable
Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the third Trading Day after the Warrant Share Delivery
Date) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise.
The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding
and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a
number of Trading Days (including no Trading Days if the settlement date is the trade date), on the Company’s primary Trading Market
with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.
ii.
Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of
a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant
evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in
all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
iii.
Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section
2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv.
Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to
the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions
of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required
by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon
such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x)
the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds
(y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection
with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B)
at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise
was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock
that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the
Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares
of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately
preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating
the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing
herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without
limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
v.
No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company
shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied
by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi.
Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax
or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company,
and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided,
however, that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when
surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may
require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company
shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii.
Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise
of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
e)
Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the
right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance
after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other
Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to
other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on
the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed
with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by
the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of
a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then
outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion
or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date
as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”
shall be 4.99% (or, upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice
to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect
to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall
continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such
notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in
strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent
with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
Section
3. Certain Adjustments.
a)
Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise
makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares
of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this
Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse
stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the
Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which
the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event
and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of
shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant
shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for
the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the
effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b)
Intentionally omitted.
c)
Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had
held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise
hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for
the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the extent that
the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of
Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for
the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
d)
Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or
other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend,
spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the
date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided,
however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder
exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent
(or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such
Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result
in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
e)
Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or
more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary,
directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially
all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange
offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender
or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of greater than 50% of the outstanding
Common Stock or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in
one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory
share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property,
or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other
business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with
another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires greater than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then,
upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been
issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without
regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring
corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”)
receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is
exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this
Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such
Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental
Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the
relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the
securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate
Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary,
in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option,
exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction (or, if later, the
date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction), purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder
an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined below) of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date
of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction; provided, however, that, if the Fundamental Transaction is not within
the Company’s control, including not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, the Holder shall only be entitled to receive
from the Company or any Successor Entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion), at the Black Scholes Value
of the unexercised portion of this Warrant, that is being offered and paid to the holders of Common Stock of the Company in connection
with the Fundamental Transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof, or whether the
holders of Common Stock are given the choice to receive from among alternative forms of consideration in connection with the Fundamental
Transaction; provided, further, that if holders of Common Stock of the Company are not offered or paid any consideration
in such Fundamental Transaction, such holders of Common Stock will be deemed to have received common stock of the Successor Entity (which
Successor Entity may be the Company following such Fundamental Transaction) in such Fundamental Transaction. “Black Scholes
Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function
on Bloomberg, L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction
for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time
between the date of the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected
volatility equal to the 100 day volatility as obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following
the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction, (C) at the election of the Holder, the underlying price
per share used in such calculation shall be based on any of the following (i) the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if
any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction, (ii) the VWAP immediately preceding
the public announcement of the applicable contemplated Fundamental Transaction or (iii) the consummation of the applicable Fundamental
Transaction, if earlier, (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable
contemplated Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date and (E) a zero cost of borrow. The payment of the Black Scholes Value will
be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds (or such other consideration) within the later of (i) five Business Days of the
Holder’s election and (ii) the date of consummation of the Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity
in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing
all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements
in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity
evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding
number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable
and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental
Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account
the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock,
such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant
immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to
the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall be added to the term “Company”
under this Warrant (so that from and after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, each and every provision of
this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to each of the Company and
the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally
with the Company, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities shall
assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect
as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the Company herein. For the
avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless of (i) whether the
Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a Fundamental Transaction
occurs prior to the Initial Exercise Date.
f)
Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the
case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date
shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
g)
Notice to Holder.
i.
Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company
shall promptly deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment
to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii.
Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on
the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with
any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries) is a party, any
sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into
other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding
up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email
address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective
date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution,
redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to
be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected
that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to
deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to
be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such
notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
h)
Voluntary Adjustment By Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Trading Market, the Company may at any time during
the term of this Warrant reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the Board
of Directors of the Company.
Section
4. Transfer of Warrant.
a)
Transferability. This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable,
in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written
assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient
to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall
execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not
so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the
Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for
the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b)
New Warrants. If this Warrant is not held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant may be divided
or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying
the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance
with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a
new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants
issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except
as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c)
Warrant Register. The Company or the Warrant Agent, as the case may be, shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained
by the Company or Warrant Agent, as applicable, for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record
Holder hereof from time to time. The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute
owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice
to the contrary.
Section
5. Miscellaneous.
a)
No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights,
dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in no event shall the Company be
required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b)
Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares,
and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant,
shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant
or stock certificate.
c)
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
d)
Authorized Shares.
The
Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a
sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.
The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with
the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all
such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any
applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants
that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof
(other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
Except
and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending
its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale
of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant,
but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary
or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise
immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company
may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof,
as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before
taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the
Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from
any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e)
Intentionally omitted.
f)
Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Warrant (whether brought against a party hereto or their respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,
partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York.
Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York,
Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby
or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is
not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient
venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any
such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery)
to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Warrant and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient
service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any
other manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action, suit or proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Warrant,
the prevailing party in such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for their reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
g)
Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and
the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
h)
Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall
operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision
of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material
damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including,
but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting
any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
i)
Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Holders hereunder including, without
limitation, any Notice of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight
courier service, addressed to the Company, at 21 Business Park Drive, Branford, CT 06045 , Attention: Chief Financial Officer, email
address: staskey@azitrainc.com , or such other email address or address as the Company may specify for such purposes by notice to the
Holders. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Company hereunder shall be in writing and delivered
personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service addressed to each Holder at the e-mail address or
address of such Holder appearing on the books of the Company. Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder shall be deemed
given and effective on the earliest of (i) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail
address set forth in this Section prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission,
if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section on a day that is not a Trading
Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent
by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to
be given. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company
or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.
j)
Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant
to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of
the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company
or by creditors of the Company.
k)
Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will
be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate
compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to
assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
l)
Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall
inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns
of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall
be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
m)
Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on
the one hand, and the Holder or the beneficial owner of this Warrant, on the other hand.
n)
Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid
under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall
be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining
provisions of this Warrant.
o)
Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
a part of this Warrant.
p)
Warrant Agency Agreement. If this Warrant is held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant is issued
subject to the Warrant Agency Agreement. To the extent any provision of this Warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, the provisions of this Warrant shall govern and be controlling.
********************
(Signature
Page Follows)
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above
indicated.
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AZITRA,
INC. |
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
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NOTICE
OF EXERCISE
To:
AZITRA, INC.
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
[ ]
in lawful money of the United States; or
[ ]
if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection
2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure
set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
_______________________________
The
Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name
of Investing Entity:
________________________________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity:
_________________________________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory:
___________________________________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory:
____________________________________________________________________
Date:
________________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT
FORM
(To
assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR
VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| Name: |
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| Address: |
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(Please
Print)
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| Phone
Number: |
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| Email
Address: |
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| Dated:
_______________ __, ______ |
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| Holder’s
Signature:__________________________ |
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| Holder’s
Address:_____________________________ |
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EXHIBIT
B
GLOBAL
PRE-FUNDED WARRANT
PRE-FUNDED
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
AZITRA,
INC.
| Warrant Shares: [_______ |
|
Initial Exercise Date: [_______, 2024 |
THIS
PRE-FUNDED COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, _____________ or its
assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter
set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) until this Warrant is exercised in
full (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), up to ______ shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”)
of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined
in Section 2(b). This Warrant shall initially be issued and maintained in the form of a security held in book-entry form and the Depository
Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”) shall initially be the sole registered holder of this Warrant, subject to a Holder’s
right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence
shall not apply.
Section
1. Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated
in this Section 1:
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bid
Price” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock
is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Registration
Statement” means the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-[ ]).
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed
or acquired after the date hereof.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transfer
Agent” means VStock Transfer, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere,
NY 11598 and an email address of [_______________], and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Underwriting
Agreement” means the underwriting agreement, dated as of [ ], 2024, among the Company and Maxim Group
LLC as representative of the underwriters named therein, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its
terms.
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or
a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
“Warrant
Agency Agreement” means that certain warrant agency agreement, dated on or about the Initial Exercise Date, between the Company
and the Warrant Agent.
“Warrant
Agent” means the Transfer Agent and any successor warrant agent of the Company.
“Warrants”
means this Warrant and other Common Stock purchase warrants issued by the Company pursuant to the Registration Statement.
Section
2. Exercise.
a)
Exercise of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time
or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed PDF
copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”).
Within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined
in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the
shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless
the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice
of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise
be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to
the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full,
in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which
the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the
total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable
hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records
showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice
of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge
and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the
number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing in this Section 2(a), a holder whose interest in this Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing this
Warrant held in book-entry form through DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions), shall effect
exercises made pursuant to this Section 2(a) by delivering to DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable) the appropriate
instruction form for exercise, complying with the procedures to effect exercise that are required by DTC (or such other clearing corporation,
as applicable), subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.
b)
Exercise Price. The aggregate exercise price of this Warrant, except for a nominal exercise price of $0.0001 per Warrant Share,
was pre-funded to the Company on or prior to the Initial Exercise Date and, consequently, no additional consideration (other than the
nominal exercise price of $0.0001 per Warrant Share) shall be required to be paid by the Holder to any Person to effect any exercise
of this Warrant. The Holder shall not be entitled to the return or refund of all, or any portion, of such pre-paid aggregate exercise
price under any circumstance or for any reason whatsoever, including in the event this Warrant shall not have been exercised prior to
the Termination Date. The remaining unpaid exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $0.0001, subject to adjustment
hereunder (the “Exercise Price”).
c)
Cashless Exercise. This Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise”
in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by
(A), where:
| (B) | =
as applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable
Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant
to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered
pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading
hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities
laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading
Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) as of the time of the
Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise
is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered
within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular
trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP
on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is
a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section
2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day; |
| | | |
| | (B) | =
the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and |
| | | |
| | (X) | =
the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance
with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than
a cashless exercise. |
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the
Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not
to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
d)
Mechanics of Exercise.
i.
Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by
the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository
Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant
in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale
of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a
certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares
to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date
that is the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (ii) the number of Trading
Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant
Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of
delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise)
is received within the earlier of (i) one (1) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period
following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject
to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not
as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable
Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the third Trading Day after the Warrant Share Delivery
Date) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise.
The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding
and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a
number of Trading Days (including no Trading Days if the settlement date is the trade date), on the Company’s primary Trading Market
with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with
respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise delivered on or prior to 12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial Exercise Date, which may
be delivered at any time after the time of execution of the Underwriting Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares
subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial Exercise Date and the Initial Exercise Date shall be the Warrant
Share Delivery Date for purposes hereunder, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless
exercise) is received by such Warrant Share Delivery Date.
ii.
Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of
a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant
evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in
all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
iii.
Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section
2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv.
Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to
the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions
of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required
by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon
such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x)
the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds
(y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection
with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B)
at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise
was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock
that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the
Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares
of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately
preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating
the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing
herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without
limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
v.
No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company
shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied
by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi.
Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax
or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company,
and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided,
however, that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when
surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may
require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company
shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii.
Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise
of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
e)
Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the
right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance
after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other
Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to
other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on
the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed
with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by
the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of
a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then
outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion
or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date
as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”
shall be 4.99% (or, upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice
to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect
to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall
continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such
notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in
strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent
with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
Section
3. Certain Adjustments.
a)
Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise
makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares
of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this
Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse
stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the
Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which
the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event
and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of
shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant
shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for
the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the
effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b)
Intentionally omitted.
c)
Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had
held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise
hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for
the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the extent that
the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of
Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for
the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
d)
Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or
other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend,
spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial
Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the
date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided,
however, that, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder
exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent
(or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such
Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result
in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
e)
Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or
more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary,
directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially
all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange
offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender
or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of greater than 50% of the outstanding
Common Stock or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in
one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory
share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property,
or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other
business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with
another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires greater than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
or greater than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then,
upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been
issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without
regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring
corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”)
receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is
exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this
Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such
Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental
Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the
relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the
securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate
Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor
entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in
writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written
agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior
to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security
of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable
for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common
Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior
to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock
(but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such
shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic
value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in
form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall be added to the
term “Company” under this Warrant (so that from and after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction,
each and every provision of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead
to each of the Company and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Successor Entity or Successor
Entities, jointly and severally with the Company, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and the Successor Entity
or Successor Entities shall assume all of the obligations of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents
with the same effect as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the
Company herein. For the avoidance of doubt, the Holder shall be entitled to the benefits of the provisions of this Section 3(e) regardless
of (i) whether the Company has sufficient authorized shares of Common Stock for the issuance of Warrant Shares and/or (ii) whether a
Fundamental Transaction occurs prior to the Initial Exercise Date.
f)
Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the
case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date
shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
g)
Notice to Holder.
i.
Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company
shall promptly deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment
to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii.
Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on
the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with
any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries) is a party, any
sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into
other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding
up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email
address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective
date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution,
redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to
be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected
that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to
deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to
be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such
notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
Section
4. Transfer of Warrant.
a)
Transferability. This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable,
in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written
assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient
to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall
execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not
so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the
Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for
the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b)
New Warrants. If this Warrant is not held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant may be divided
or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying
the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance
with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a
new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants
issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except
as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c)
Warrant Register. The Company or the Warrant Agent, as the case may be, shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained
by the Company or Warrant Agent, as applicable, for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record
Holder hereof from time to time. The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute
owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice
to the contrary.
Section
5. Miscellaneous.
a)
No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights,
dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in no event shall the Company be
required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b)
Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares,
and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant,
shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant
or stock certificate.
c)
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
d)
Authorized Shares.
The
Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a
sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.
The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with
the duty of issuing the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all
such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any
applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants
that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof
(other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
Except
and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending
its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale
of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant,
but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary
or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise
immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company
may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof,
as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before
taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the
Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from
any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e)
Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Warrant (whether brought against a party hereto or their respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,
partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York.
Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York,
Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby
or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is
not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient
venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any
such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery)
to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Warrant and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient
service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any
other manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action, suit or proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Warrant,
the prevailing party in such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for their reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
f)
Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and
the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
g)
Nonwaiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall
operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision
of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material
damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including,
but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting
any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
h)
Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Holders hereunder including, without
limitation, any Notice of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight
courier service, addressed to the Company, at [___________], Attention: [___________], email address: [___________], or such other
email address or address as the Company may specify for such purposes by notice to the Holders. Any and all notices or other communications
or deliveries to be provided by the Company hereunder shall be in writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally
recognized overnight courier service addressed to each Holder at the e-mail address or address of such Holder appearing on the books
of the Company. Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i)
the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section prior
to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication
is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New
York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized
overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. To the extent that any
notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company
shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.
i)
Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant
to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of
the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company
or by creditors of the Company.
j)
Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will
be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate
compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to
assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
k)
Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall
inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns
of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall
be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
l)
Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on
the one hand, and the Holder or the beneficial owner of this Warrant, on the other hand.
m)
Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid
under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall
be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining
provisions of this Warrant.
n)
Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
a part of this Warrant.
o)
Warrant Agency Agreement. If this Warrant is held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant is issued
subject to the Warrant Agency Agreement. To the extent any provision of this Warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant
Agency Agreement, the provisions of this Warrant shall govern and be controlling.
********************
(Signature
Page Follows)
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above
indicated.
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AZITRA,
INC. |
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
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NOTICE
OF EXERCISE
To:
AZITRA, INC.
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
[ ]
in lawful money of the United States; or
[ ]
if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection
2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure
set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
_______________________________
The
Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name
of Investing Entity: ________________________________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: _________________________________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory: ___________________________________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________________________________
Date:
________________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT
FORM
(To
assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR
VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| Name: |
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(Please
Print) |
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| Address: |
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(Please
Print)
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| Phone
Number: |
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| Email
Address: |
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| Dated:
_______________ __, ______ |
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| Holder’s
Signature:__________________________ |
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| Holder’s
Address:___________________________ |
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EXHIBIT
C
WARRANT
CERTIFICATE REQUEST NOTICE
To:
___________ as Warrant Agent for __________ (the “Company”)
The
undersigned Holder of Common Stock Purchase Warrants (“Warrants”) in the form of Global Warrants issued by the Company
hereby elects to receive a Warrant Certificate evidencing the Warrants held by the Holder as specified below:
| 1. |
Name
of Holder of Warrants in form of Global Warrants: _____________________________ |
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| 2. |
Name
of Holder in Warrant Certificate (if different from name of Holder of Warrants in form of Global Warrants): ________________________________ |
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| 3. |
Number
of Warrants in name of Holder in form of Global Warrants: ___________________ |
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| 4. |
Number
of Warrants for which Warrant Certificate shall be issued: __________________ |
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| 5. |
Series
of Warrants to which this Certificate Request Notice applies (Class A or Pre-funded): _________________ |
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| 6. |
Number
of Warrants in name of Holder in form of Global Warrants after issuance of Warrant Certificate, if any: ___________ |
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| 7. |
Warrant
Certificate shall be delivered to the following address: |
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
The
undersigned hereby acknowledges and agrees that, in connection with this Warrant Exchange and the issuance of the Warrant Certificate,
the Holder is deemed to have surrendered the number of Warrants in form of Global Warrants in the name of the Holder equal to the number
of Warrants evidenced by the Warrant Certificate.
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name
of Investing Entity: ____________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: ______________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory: _________________________________________________
Date:
_______________________________________________________________
EXHIBIT
D
AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATIVES
Exhibit
10.1
SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This
Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of July 23, 2024, between Azitra, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns,
a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS,
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities
Act (as defined below), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires
to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW,
THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt
and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE
I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1
Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms
have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring
Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.
“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York are generally
open for use by customers on such day.
“Class
A Common Warrants” means, collectively, the Class A Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing
in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Common Warrants shall be exercisable in accordance with the terms therein and will expire
five years after the initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties
thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s
obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the first (1st) Trading
Day (or second (2nd) Trading Day if this Agreement is executed after 4:00 p.m. (New York City Time) but prior to 11:59 p.m.
(New York City Time)) following the date hereof.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Common
Unit” means each Common Unit consisting of (a) one Share and (b) two Class A Warrants.
“Common
Unit Purchase Price” equals $1.50 per each Common Unit, subject to adjustments for reverse and forward stock splits, stock
dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of Common Stock that occur after the date of this agreement.
“Common
Unit Subscription Amount” means, as to each purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Common Units hereunder as specified
below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Common Unit Subscription Amount”,
in immediately available funds.
“Company
Counsel” means Greenberg Traurig, LLP, with offices located at 18565 Jamboree Road, Suite 500, Irvine, CA 92612.
“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) and
before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the
date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed between midnight
(New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date
hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.
“EGS”
means Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, with offices located at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105-0302.
“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant
to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority
of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities
upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder, warrants to the Placement Agent as compensation in
connection with the offering of the Securities and any securities upon exercise of warrants to the Placement Agent and/or other securities
exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided
that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease
the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations)
or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority
of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined
in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith
during the prohibition period in Section 4.11(a) herein, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders
of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with
the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not
include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary
business is investing in securities and (d) up to $10,000,000.00 of Common Units issued to other purchasers pursuant to the Prospectus
concurrently with the Closing at the Common Unit Purchase Price, less the aggregate Subscription Amount pursuant to this Agreement.
“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“FDA”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh).
“FDCA”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh).
“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(aa).
“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).
“IP
Counsel” means McCarter & English, LLP..
“Liens”
means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).
“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Pharmaceutical
Product” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh).
“Placement
Agent” means Maxim Group LLC.
“Pre-Funded
Units” means each Pre-Funded Unit consisting of (a) one Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one Pre-Funded Warrant Share and (b)
two Class A Warrants.
“Pre-Funded
Unit Purchase Price” equals $1.4999 per each Pre-Funded Unit, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock
dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
“Pre-Funded
Unit Subscription Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Pre-Funded Units purchased hereunder
as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Pre-Funded Unit
Subscription Amount,” in immediately available funds.
“Pre-Funded
Warrant” means, collectively, the Pre-Funded Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance
with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Pre-Funded Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and shall expire when exercised in full, in the
form of Exhibit C attached hereto.
“Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.
“Preliminary
Prospectus” means any preliminary prospectus included in the Registration Statement, as originally filed or as part of any
amendment thereto, or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities
Act.
“Pricing
Prospectus” means (i) the Preliminary Prospectus relating to the Securities that was included in the Registration Statement
immediately prior to 9:00 pm (New York City time) on the date hereof and (ii) any free writing prospectus (as defined in the Securities
Act) identified on Schedule A hereto, taken together.
“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding,
such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Prospectus”
means the final prospectus filed for the Registration Statement.
“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.
“Registration
Statement” means the effective registration statement with Commission File No. 333-280806 which registers the sale of the Units,
Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares to the Purchasers, and includes any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.
“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).
“Rule
144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
“Rule
424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
“Rule
462(b) Registration Statement” means any registration statement prepared by the Company registering additional Securities,
which was filed with the Commission on or prior to the date hereof and became automatically effective pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated
by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act.
“SEC
Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Securities”
means the Units, Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.
“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be
deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).
“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the Common Unit Subscription Amount and/or Pre-Funded Unit Subscription Amount as applicable,
in accordance with Section 2.1 herein.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth in the SEC Reports, and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, or the New York
Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Warrant Agent Agreement, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and
any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.
“Transfer
Agent” means Vstock Transfer, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with offices located at 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere,
NY 11598, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Units”
means, collectively the Common Units and Pre-Funded Units.
“Variable
Rate Transaction” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.11(b).
“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Class A Common Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants.
“Warrant
Agent Agreement” means the warrant agent agreement dated on or about the Closing Date, between the Company and the Transfer
Agent.
“Warrant
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.
ARTICLE
II.
PURCHASE
AND SALE
2.1
Closing. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly,
agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of $2,835,000 of Common Units determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a); provided, however,
that, to the extent that a Purchaser determines, in its sole discretion, that such Purchaser (together with such Purchaser’s Affiliates,
and any Person acting as a group together with such Purchaser or any of such Purchaser’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in
excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, or as such Purchaser may otherwise choose, in lieu of purchasing Common Units such Purchaser
may elect to purchase Pre-Funded Units at the Pre-Funded Unit Purchase Price in lieu of Common Units. The “Beneficial Ownership
Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or, at the election of the Purchaser at Closing, 9.99%) of the number of shares of the Common Stock
outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Securities on the Closing Date. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement
Agent, each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made
available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement with the Company or its designee. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser
its respective Securities as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items
set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and
2.3, the Closing shall occur remotely by electronic transfer of the Closing documentation. Each Purchaser acknowledges that, concurrently
with the Closing and pursuant to the Prospectus, the Company may sell up to $7,162,500 of additional Units to purchasers not party to
this Agreement, less the aggregate Subscription Amount to this Agreement, and will issue to such purchasers such Securities in the same
form as the same Common Unit Purchase Price or Pre-Funded Unit Purchase Price. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement
of the Shares shall occur via “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) (i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company
shall issue the Shares registered in the Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly to the account(s)
at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent shall promptly electronically deliver
such Shares to the applicable Purchaser, and payment therefor shall be made by the Placement Agent (or its clearing firm) by wire transfer
to the Company). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution of this Agreement
by the Company and an applicable Purchaser, through, and including the time immediately prior to the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement
Period”), such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion, of the Shares to be issued hereunder to such Purchaser at
the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Purchaser shall, automatically hereunder (without any
additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed to be unconditionally bound to purchase, such Pre-Settlement
Shares at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such Purchaser prior
to the Company’s receipt of the purchase price of such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; and provided further that the Company hereby
acknowledges and agrees that the forgoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Purchaser as to whether or not during
the Pre-Settlement Period such Purchaser shall sell any shares of Common Stock to any Person and that any such decision to sell any shares
of Common Stock by such Purchaser shall solely be made at the time such Purchaser elects to effect any such sale, if any. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein and a Purchaser’s Subscription Amount set forth on the signature pages attached hereto, the number
of Shares purchased by a Purchaser (and its Affiliates) hereunder shall not, when aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock owned
by such Purchaser (and its Affiliates) at such time, result in such Purchaser beneficially owning (as determined in accordance with Section
13(d) of the Exchange Act) in excess of 9.9% of the then issued and outstanding Common Stock outstanding at the Closing (the “Beneficial
Ownership Maximum”), and such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, to the extent it would otherwise exceed the Beneficial
Ownership Maximum immediately prior to the Closing, shall be conditioned upon the issuance of Shares at the Closing to the other Purchasers
signatory hereto. To the extent that a Purchaser’s beneficial ownership of the Shares would otherwise be deemed to exceed the Beneficial
Ownership Maximum, such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount shall automatically be reduced as necessary in order to comply with this
paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants) delivered
on or prior to 12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing Date, which may be delivered at any time after the time of execution of
this Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time)
on the Closing Date and the Closing Date shall be the Warrant Share Delivery Date (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants) for purposes
hereunder.
2.2
Deliveries.
(a)
On or prior to the Closing Date (except as indicated below), the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the
following:
(i)
On the date hereof, this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii)
a legal opinion (including negative assurance letter) of Company Counsel, substantially in form and substance reasonably satisfactory
to the Placement Agent;
(iii)
a legal opinion of IP Counsel, substantially in the form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent;
(iv)
subject to Section 2.1, the Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions, on Company letterhead
and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;
(v)
subject to Section 2.1, a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver on an
expedited basis via The Depository Trust Company Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) Shares equal to
such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Common Unit Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(vi)
two Class A Warrants registered in the name of such Purchaser, each such Class A Warrant to purchase up to a number of shares of Common
Stock equal to 100% of such Purchaser’s Shares (or Pre-Funded Warrant Shares), with an exercise price equal to $1.50, subject to
adjustment therein;
(vii)
for each Purchaser of Pre-Funded Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1, a Pre-Funded Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase
up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable to Pre-Funded
Warrant divided by the Pre-Funded Unit Purchase Price, with an exercise price equal to $0.0001, subject to adjustment therein;
(viii)
the duly executed Warrant Agent Agreement; and
(ix)
the Pricing Prospectus and Prospectus (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
(b)
On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, the following:
(i)
on the date hereof, this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and
(ii)
such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, which shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement with the
Company or its designee.
2.3
Closing Conditions.
(a)
The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i)
the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a
specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties
are qualified by materiality, in all respects) as of such date);
(ii)
all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been
performed; and
(iii)
the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b)
The respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i)
the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless
as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material respects or, to the extent representations or warranties
are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of such date;
(ii)
all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii)
the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;
(iv)
there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and
(v)
from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall
not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such
service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities
nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such
magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of
such Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.
ARTICLE
III.
REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES
3.1
Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:
(a)
Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in the SEC Reports. The Company owns, directly
or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued
and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive
and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references to the Subsidiaries
or any of them in the Transaction Documents shall be disregarded.
(b)
Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power
and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or
other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good
standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned
by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could
not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction
Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise)
of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in
any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material
Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking
to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
(c)
Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no
further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith
other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which the Company is a party
has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof,
will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except
(i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general
application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited
by applicable law.
(d)
No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to
which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles
of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) except as disclosed in the Preliminary Prospectus, conflict
with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation
of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment,
anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement,
credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the
Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii)
subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction,
decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal
and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except
in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(e)
Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any
notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other
Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings
required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus, (iii) notices and/or application(s)
to each applicable Trading Market for the issuances and sale of the Securities and listing of the Shares and Warrant Shares for trading
thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws
(collectively, the “Required Approvals”).
(f)
Issuance of the Securities; Registration. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with
the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed
by the Company. The Warrant Shares are duly authorized and, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized
capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and upon exercise of the Warrants. The
Securities are not and will not be subject to the preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual
rights granted by the Company. All corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Securities has
been duly and validly taken. The Securities conform in all material respects to all statements with respect thereto contained in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus. The Company has prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements
of the Securities Act, which became effective on July 23, 2024 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and
such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The Registration Statement is effective
under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or
preventing the use of the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose
have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. The Company, if required by the rules and
regulations of the Commission, shall file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b). At the time the Registration Statement
and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement and any
amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading; and the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at
the time the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed
and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.
(g)
Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company as of the end of the period covered by its most recently filed periodic report
under the Exchange Act was set forth in such periodic report. The Company has not issued any securities since its most recently filed
periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock
option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant
to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under
the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate
in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities and as set
forth in the SEC Reports, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character
whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person
any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments,
understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock
or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company
or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset
price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities
or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments,
understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such
Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar
plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued
in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. The authorized shares of the Company
conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and
the Prospectus. The offers and sales of the Company’s securities were at all relevant times either registered under the Securities
Act and the applicable state securities or Blue Sky laws or, based in part on the representations and warranties of the purchasers, exempt
from such registration requirements. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required
for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with
respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any
of the Company’s stockholders.
(h)
SEC Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required
to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the
two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the
foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Pricing Prospectus
and the Prospectus, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received
a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their
respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act,
as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements
of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and
regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during
the periods involved, except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited
financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position
of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the
periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. The agreements and
documents described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus, and the SEC Reports conform in all material
respects to the descriptions thereof contained therein and there are no agreements or other documents required by the Securities Act
and the rules and regulations thereunder to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or the
SEC Reports or to be filed with the Commission as exhibits to the Registration Statement, that have not been so described or filed. Each
agreement or other instrument (however characterized or described) to which the Company is a party or by which it is or may be bound
or affected and (i) that is referred to in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or the SEC Reports, or
(ii) is material to the Company’s business, has been duly authorized and validly executed by the Company, is in full force and
effect in all material respects and is enforceable against the Company and, to the Company’s knowledge, the other parties thereto,
in accordance with its terms, except (x) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws
affecting creditors’ rights generally, (y) as enforceability of any indemnification or contribution provision may be limited under
the federal and state securities laws, and (z) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief
may be subject to the equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefore may be brought. None
of such agreements or instruments has been assigned by the Company, and, except is disclosed in the Preliminary Prospectus, neither the
Company nor, to the Company’s actual knowledge any other party is in default thereunder and, to the Company’s actual knowledge,
no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a default thereunder. To the Company’s
actual knowledge, performance by the Company of the material provisions of such agreements or instruments will not result in a violation
of any existing Applicable Law or order or decree of any Governmental Authority or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over
the Company or any of its assets or businesses, including, without limitation, those relating to environmental laws and regulations.
(i)
Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included
within the SEC Reports, except as set forth in the SEC Reports, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or
that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent
or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings
made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend
or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any
shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant
to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment
of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth in the SEC Reports, no event,
liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect
to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that
would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made
that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made. Unless otherwise disclosed
in an SEC Report filed prior to the date hereof, the Company has not: (i) issued any securities or incurred any liability or obligation,
direct or contingent, for borrowed money; or (ii) declared or paid any dividend or made any other distribution on or in respect to its
capital stock.
(j)
Litigation. There is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of
the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court,
arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an
“Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction
Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material
Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action
involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has
not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the
Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending
the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.
(k)
Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees
of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’
employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe
that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary,
is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary
information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third
party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability
with respect to any of the foregoing matters that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its
Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment
practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l)
Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) except as disclosed in the Preliminary Prospectus, is in default under
or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a
default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default
under or that it is in violation of, any credit facility, indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to
which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii)
is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in
violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal,
state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment
and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(m)
Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating
to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface
strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or
toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating
to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well
as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders,
permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have
received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses;
and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where in each of clause (i),
(ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(n)
Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate
federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports,
except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or
modification of any Material Permit.
(o)
Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them
and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially
interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment
of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of
which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries
are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
(p)
Intellectual Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks,
trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights
and similar rights necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports and which
the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). None
of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights
has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date
of this Agreement except where such expiration, termination or abandonment would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within
the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe
upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge
of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any
of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy,
confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(q)
Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses
and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including,
but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage
expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase
in cost.
(r)
Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company
or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to
any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract,
agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to
or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director
or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial
interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment
of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other
employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.
(s)
Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations
promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries
maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance
with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets
at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it
files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s
rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of
the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act
(such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations
as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as
such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
(t)
Certain Fees. Except for fees payable by the Company to the Placement Agent or as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus or Prospectus,
no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor
or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf
of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by
the Transaction Documents.
(u)
Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities,
will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(v)
Registration Rights. Except as disclosed in the Preliminary Prospectus, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary
to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(w)
Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and
the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating
such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which
the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance
requirements of such Trading Market, which has not been resolved to the Trading Market’s satisfaction. The Company is, and has
no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.
The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation
and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in
connection with such electronic transfer.
(x)
Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order
to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement)
or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the
laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company
fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of
the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.
(y)
Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents,
the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or
counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise
disclosed in the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing
representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company
to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby is
true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to
make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated
by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of
a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that
no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those
specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
(z)
No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2,
neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers
or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities
to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market
on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
(aa)
Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt
by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds
the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known
contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its
business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements
of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii)
the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after
taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when
such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature
(taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any
facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization
laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. The SEC Reports sets forth as of the date thereof all outstanding secured
and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes
of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000
(other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent
obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated
balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar
transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases
required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
(bb)
Tax Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income
and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, subject
to permitted extensions (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or
determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for
the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are
no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company
or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements
filed with or as part of the Registration Statement are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for
all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated financial statements. The term “taxes” mean all federal, state,
local, foreign, and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease,
service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs,
duties or other taxes, fees, assessments, or charges of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions
to tax, or additional amounts with respect thereto. The term “returns” means all returns, declarations, reports, statements,
and other documents required to be filed in respect to taxes.
(cc)
Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any
agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful
contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful
payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate
funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf
of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.
(dd)
Accountants. The Company’s accounting firm is Grassi & Co., CPAs, P.C. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such
accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect
to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.
(ee)
Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers
is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated
thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar
capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or
any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby
is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s
decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the
transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
(ff)
Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding
(except for Sections 3.2(f) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been
asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the
Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified
term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales
or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively
impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative”
transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the
Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party
in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage
in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the
periods that the value of the Warrant Shares are deliverables with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities
(if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging
activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any
of the Transaction Documents.
(gg)
Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any
of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities
of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement
of the Securities.
(hh)
FDA. As to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under
the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“FDCA”) that is manufactured,
packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a “Pharmaceutical
Product”), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed
by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration,
investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices,
good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure
to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending, completed or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened,
action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation)
against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter
or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration,
or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and
promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws
or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical
hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect. The properties, business and operations of
the Company have been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations
of the FDA. The Company has not been informed by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United
States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving
or clearing for marketing any product being developed or proposed to be developed by the Company.
(ii)
Cybersecurity. (i)(x) There has been no security breach or other compromise of or relating to any of the Company’s or any
Subsidiary’s information technology and computer systems, networks, hardware, software, data (including the data of its respective
customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment or technology (collectively,
“IT Systems and Data”) and (y) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified of, and has no knowledge of
any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any security breach or other compromise to its IT Systems and
Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are presently in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders,
rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations
relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use,
access, misappropriation or modification, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; (iii)
the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to maintain and protect its material
confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data; and (iv) the Company
and the Subsidiaries have implemented backup and disaster recovery technology consistent with industry standards and practices.
(jj)
Compliance with Data Privacy Laws. (i) The Company and the Subsidiaries are, and at all times during the last three (3) years
were, in compliance with all applicable state, federal and foreign data privacy and security laws and regulations, including, without
limitation, the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) (EU 2016/679) (collectively, “Privacy
Laws”); (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to
ensure compliance with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, disclosure,
handling and analysis of Personal Data (as defined below) (the “Policies”); (iii) the Company provides accurate notice
of its applicable Policies to its customers, employees, third party vendors and representatives as required by the Privacy Laws; and
(iv) applicable Policies provide accurate and sufficient notice of the Company’s then-current privacy practices relating to its
subject matter, and do not contain any material omissions of the Company’s then-current privacy practices, as required by Privacy
Laws. “Personal Data” means (i) a natural person’s name, street address, telephone number, email address, photograph,
social security number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as “personally
identifying information” under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) “personal data” as defined by GDPR;
and (iv) any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection
or analysis of any identifiable data related to an identified person’s health or sexual orientation. (i) None of such disclosures
made or contained in any of the Policies have been inaccurate, misleading, or deceptive in violation of any Privacy Laws and (ii) the
execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents will not result in a breach of any Privacy Laws or Policies. Neither
the Company nor the Subsidiaries (i) to the knowledge of the Company, has received written notice of any actual or potential liability
of the Company or the Subsidiaries under, or actual or potential violation by the Company or the Subsidiaries of, any of the Privacy
Laws; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any investigation, remediation or other corrective action pursuant
to any regulatory request or demand pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement by or with any
court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority that imposed any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.
(kk)
Stock Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s incentive equity plan was granted (i) in
accordance with the terms of the Company’s incentive equity plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market
value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted
under the Company’s incentive equity plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been
no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options
with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results
or prospects.
(ll)
Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director,
officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the
Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
(mm)
U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within
the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s
request.
(nn)
Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the
“Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly,
five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity
of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and
to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
(oo)
Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with
applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended,
applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”),
and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company
or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
3.2
Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and
warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case
they shall be accurate as of such date):
(a)
Organization; Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and
in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited
liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents
and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance
by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate,
partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to
which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof,
will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except:
(i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general
application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited
by applicable law.
(b)
Understandings or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct
or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this
representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or
otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the
ordinary course of its business.
(c)
Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each
date on which it exercises any Warrants, it will be an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3),
(a)(7), (a)(8), (a)(9), (a)(12), or (a)(13) under the Securities Act.
(d)
Experience of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication
and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment
in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of
an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
(e)
Access to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Preliminary Prospectus, Transaction
Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions
as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the
offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and
its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its
investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable
effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges
and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information
or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. Neither the Placement Agent nor any
Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate
may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In connection
with the issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial
advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.
(f)
Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has
not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any
purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser
first received definitive pricing terms (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth
the material pricing terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending when the transaction is first publicly announced pursuant
to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed
investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers
have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s
assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that
made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement
or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors,
employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with
this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt,
nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing
shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
The
Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s
right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties
contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement
or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained
herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order
to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
ARTICLE
IV.
OTHER
AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
4.1
Warrant Shares. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to
cover the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant
to any such exercise shall be issued free of all legends. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any
subsequent registration statement registering the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available
for the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall immediately notify the holders of the Warrants in writing that such registration
statement is not then effective and thereafter shall promptly notify such holders when the registration statement is effective again
and available for the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the ability
of the Company to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities
laws). The Company shall use best efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) registering the issuance
or resale of the Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Warrants.
4.2
Furnishing of Information. Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities or (ii) the Warrants have expired,
the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports
required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
4.3
Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security
(as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the
rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction
unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
4.4
Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material
terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits
thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act; provided that such Form 8-K will not be required if the Transaction
Documents have been filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company represents
to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without
limitation, the Placement Agent, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective
upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations
under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors,
agents, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers
or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate and be of no further force or effect. The Company understands and confirms
that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. The Company and
each Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby,
and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the
prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with
respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is
required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement
or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name
of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such
Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission
and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers
with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b) and reasonably cooperate with such Purchaser regarding such disclosure.
4.5
Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person,
that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill
(including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by
the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving
Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.
4.6
Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting
on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes
constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented in writing to the receipt of such
information and agreed in writing with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each
Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates delivers any material, non-public
information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall
not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees,
Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of
their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, not to trade
on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent
that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the
Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously with the delivery of such notice file such notice with the Commission pursuant
to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant
in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
4.7
Use of Proceeds. Except as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Company shall use the net proceeds from
the sale of the Securities hereunder for general corporate and working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the
satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s
business and prior practices), (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any
outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.
4.8
Indemnification of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser
and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent
role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser
(within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders,
agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding
a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all
losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements,
court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result
of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement
or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their
respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s
representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may
have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser
Party which is finally judicially determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any action shall be brought
against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly
notify the Company in writing, and, the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably
acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate
in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent
that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable
period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel a
material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the
Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be
liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior
written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim,
damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, in the other Transaction Documents.
The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation
or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause
of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant
to law.
4.9
Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep
available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company
to issue Shares pursuant to this Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.
4.10
Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock
on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all
of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such
Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will
then include in such application all of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of
the Shares and Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take
all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects
with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees
to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing
corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing
corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
4.11
Subsequent Equity Sales.
(a)
From the date hereof until three (3) months after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into
any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii)
file any registration statement or amendment or supplement thereto, other than the Prospectus Supplement or filing a registration statement
on Form S-8 in connection with any employee benefit plan.
(b)
From the date hereof until six (6) months after the Closing Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an
agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination
of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which
the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include
the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price
that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial
issuance of such debt or equity securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some
future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly
or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction
under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit or an “at-the-market offering”, whereby the
Company may issue securities at a future determined price regardless of whether shares pursuant to such agreement have actually been
issued and regardless of whether such agreement is subsequently canceled; provided, however, that, three (3) months after
the Closing Date, the entry into and/or issuance of shares of Common Stock in an “at the market” offering with the Placement
Agent as sales agent shall not be deemed a Variable Rate Transaction. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against
the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.
(c)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction
shall be an Exempt Issuance.
4.12
Equal Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid
to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration
is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate
right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat
the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the
purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.
4.13
Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that
neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including
Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received definitive
pricing terms (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material pricing terms
of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly
announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other
Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant
to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms
of this transaction and the information included in the Transaction Documents (other than as disclosed to its legal and other representatives).
Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges
and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions
in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant
to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions
in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser
shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries,
or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates, or agent, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent,
after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser
that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets
and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the
portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
4.14
Exercise Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures required
of the Purchasers in order to exercise the Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required
of the Purchasers to exercise their Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required,
nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to
exercise the Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and shall deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms,
conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
ARTICLE
V.
MISCELLANEOUS
5.1
Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without
any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the
Closing has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however,
that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
5.2
Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and
expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the
negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including,
without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice
delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.
5.3
Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Pricing Prospectus and the
Prospectus, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior
agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such
documents, exhibits and schedules.
5.4
Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in
writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is
delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New
York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later
than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if
sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required
to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto.
5.5
Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument
signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares and Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares based on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder (or, prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in
the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification
or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted
Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement
of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner
impair the exercise of any such right. Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the
rights and obligations of any Purchaser relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior
written consent of such adversely affected Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon
each Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
5.6
Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to
limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
5.7
Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and
permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent
of each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom
such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the
transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”
5.8
No Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations, warranties, and
covenants of the Company in this Agreement and the representations, warranties, and covenants of the Purchasers in this Agreement. This
Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the
benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section
5.8.
5.9
Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents
shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the
principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and
defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto
or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively
in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction
of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or
in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of
any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that
it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient
venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any
such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery)
to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and
sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process
in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction
Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall
be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation,
preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
5.10
Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
5.11
Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one
and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party,
it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery
of a “.pdf” format data file (including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 200, Uniform Electronic
Transaction Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or other applicable law, e.g. www.docusign.com),, such signature shall create
a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect
as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
5.12
Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to
be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall
remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially
reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated
by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would
have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared
invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
5.13
Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions
of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction
Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may
rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election
in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in the case of a rescission
of an exercise of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded
exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and
the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant (including, issuance
of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).
5.14
Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed,
the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation),
or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also
pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
5.15
Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages,
each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that
monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction
Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that
a remedy at law would be adequate.
5.16
Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document
or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise
or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by
or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including,
without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such
restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect
as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
5.17
Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document
are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance
or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other
Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as
a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way
acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each
Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of
this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional
party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation
of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to
communicate with the Company through EGS. EGS does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company
has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because
it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in
this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and
the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
5.18
Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction
Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts
have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts
are due and payable shall have been canceled.
5.19
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
5.20
Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise
the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against
the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each
and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse
and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the
date of this Agreement.
5.21
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY,
THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY,
IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.
(Signature
Pages Follow)
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| AZITRA,
INC. |
|
Address
for Notice: |
| |
|
|
| By: |
/s/
Francisco D. Salva |
|
21
Business Park Drive |
| |
Francisco
D. Salva, |
|
Branford,
CT 06405 |
| |
President
and Chief Executive Officer |
|
E-Mail:
salva@azitrainc.com |
| |
|
|
|
| With
a copy to (which shall not constitute notice): |
|
Greenberg
Traurig, LLP |
| |
|
18565
Jamboree Road, Suite 500 |
| Daniel
K. Donahue, Esq. |
|
Irvine,
CA 92612 |
| |
|
donahued@gtlaw.com |
[REMAINDER
OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE
PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
PURCHASER
SIGNATURE PAGES TO Azitra, Inc. SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories
as of the date first indicated above.
Name
of Purchaser: ________________________________________________________
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: _________________________________
Name
of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________
Title
of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________
Email
Address of Authorized Signatory: _________________________________________
Address
for Notice to Purchaser:
Address
for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice):
Subscription
Amount: $_________________
Shares:
_________________
Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares: ___________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐ 4.99% or ☐ 9.99%
Warrant
Shares: __________________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐ 4.99% or ☐ 9.99%
EIN
Number: ____________________
☐
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to
purchase the securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the
Company to sell such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be disregarded, (ii)
the Closing shall occur on the first (1st) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any condition to Closing contemplated
by this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required delivery by the Company or the above-signed of any
agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) shall no longer be a condition and shall instead be
an unconditional obligation of the Company or the above-signed (as applicable) to deliver such agreement, instrument, certificate or
the like or purchase price (as applicable) to such other party on the Closing Date.
[SIGNATURE
PAGES CONTINUE]
Exhibit 99.1
Azitra,
Inc. Announces Pricing of
$10.0
Million Public Offering
BRANFORD,
Conn., July 23, 2024--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Azitra, Inc. (NYSE American: AZTR) (“Company”), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
company focused on developing innovative therapies for precision dermatology, today announced the pricing of a public offering of an
aggregate of 6,665,000 shares of its common stock, and Class A warrants to purchase up to 13,330,000 shares of common stock, at a combined
public offering price of $1.50 per share and accompanying warrants. The Class A warrant will have an initial exercise price of $1.50
per share, will be exercisable immediately upon issuance, and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date. The
closing of the offering is expected to occur on or about July 25, 2024, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.
Maxim
Group LLC is acting as the exclusive placement agent for the offering.
The
gross proceeds from the offering, before deducting the placement agent’s fees and other offering expenses, are expected to be approximately
$10.0 million. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The
securities described above are being offered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-280806), which
was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on July 23, 2024. The offering is being made
only by means of a prospectus which forms a part of the effective registration statement. A preliminary prospectus relating to the offering
has been filed with the SEC. Electronic copies of the final prospectus, when available, may be obtained on the SEC’s website at
www.sec.gov and may also be obtained by contacting Maxim Group LLC at 300 Park Avenue, 16th Floor, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Prospectus
Department, or by telephone at (212) 895-3745 or by email at syndicate@maximgrp.com.
This
press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities described herein, nor
shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or other jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful
prior to the registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or other jurisdiction.
About
Azitra, Inc.
Azitra,
Inc. is an early-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company focused on developing innovative therapies for precision dermatology using
engineered proteins and topical live biotherapeutic products. The Company has built a proprietary platform that includes a microbial
library comprised of approximately 1,500 unique bacterial strains that can be screened for unique therapeutic characteristics. The platform
is augmented by artificial intelligence and machine learning technology that analyzes, predicts and helps screen the Company’s
library of strains for drug like molecules. The Company’s initial focus is on the development of genetically engineered strains
of Staphylococcus epidermidis, or S. epidermidis, which the Company considers to be an optimal therapeutic candidate species
for engineering of dermatologic therapies.
Forward-Looking
Statements
This
press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended,
including statements regarding Azitra’s expectations on the timing and completion of the offering and the anticipated use of proceeds
therefrom. The offering is subject to customary closing conditions and there can be no assurance as to whether or when the offering may
be completed.
Any
forward-looking statements in this press release are based on current expectations, estimates and projections only as of the date of
this release and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely
from those set forth in or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties are described in our prospectus
dated July 19, 2024 filed with the SEC on July 19, 2024. Azitra explicitly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements
except to the extent required by law.
Contact:
Norman
Staskey
Chief
Financial Officer
staskey@azitra.com
Exhibit
99.2
Azitra,
Inc. Announces Closing of
$10.0
Million Public Offering
BRANFORD,
Conn., July 25, 2024--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Azitra, Inc. (NYSE American: AZTR) (“Company”), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
company focused on developing innovative therapies for precision dermatology, today announced the closing of its previously announced
public offering of an aggregate of 6,665,000 shares of its common stock, and Class A warrants to purchase up to 13,330,000 shares of
common stock, at a combined public offering price of $1.50 per share and accompanying warrants. The Class A warrant will have an initial
exercise price of $1.50 per share, will be exercisable immediately upon issuance, and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original
issuance date.
Maxim
Group LLC acted as the exclusive placement agent for the offering.
The
gross proceeds from the offering, before deducting the placement agent’s fees and other offering expenses, were approximately $10.0
million. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The
securities described above were offered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-280806), which was
declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on July 23, 2024. The offering was made only by
means of a prospectus which forms a part of the effective registration statement. A final prospectus relating to the offering has been
filed with the SEC. Electronic copies of the final prospectus may be obtained on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and may also
be obtained by contacting Maxim Group LLC at 300 Park Avenue, 16th Floor, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Prospectus Department, or by
telephone at (212) 895-3745 or by email at syndicate@maximgrp.com.
This
press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities described herein, nor
shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or other jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful
prior to the registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or other jurisdiction.
About
Azitra, Inc.
Azitra,
Inc. is an early-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company focused on developing innovative therapies for precision dermatology using
engineered proteins and topical live biotherapeutic products. The Company has built a proprietary platform that includes a microbial
library comprised of approximately 1,500 unique bacterial strains that can be screened for unique therapeutic characteristics. The platform
is augmented by artificial intelligence and machine learning technology that analyzes, predicts and helps screen the Company’s
library of strains for drug like molecules. The Company’s initial focus is on the development of genetically engineered strains
of Staphylococcus epidermidis, or S. epidermidis, which the Company considers to be an optimal therapeutic candidate species
for engineering of dermatologic therapies.
Forward-Looking
Statements
This
press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended,
including statements regarding Azitra’s anticipated use of proceeds therefrom.
Any
forward-looking statements in this press release are based on current expectations, estimates and projections only as of the date of
this release and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely
from those set forth in or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties are described in our prospectus
dated July 19, 2024 filed with the SEC on July 19, 2024. Azitra explicitly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements
except to the extent required by law.
Contact:
Norman
Staskey
Chief
Financial Officer
staskey@azitra.com
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Azitra (AMEX:AZTR)
過去 株価チャート
から 12 2024 まで 1 2025
Azitra (AMEX:AZTR)
過去 株価チャート
から 1 2024 まで 1 2025
