SNII Supernova Partners Acquisition Company II Ltd

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

RIGETTI COMPUTING INC.

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Rigetti Computing, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “Rigetti”), builds quantum computers and the superconducting quantum processors that power them. Through the Company’s Quantum Computing as a Service (“QCaaS”) platform, the Company’s machines can be integrated into any public, private or hybrid cloud. The Company offers product types of Platform, Research and Software Tools usage in application areas of benchmarking, chemical simulation, education/entertainment, machine learning, and optimization.

The Company is located and headquartered in Berkeley, California. The Company also operates in Fremont, California; London, United Kingdom; Adelaide, Australia; British Columbia, Canada and Munich, Germany. The Company’s revenue is derived primarily from operations in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Basis of Presentation

On March 2, 2022 (the “Closing Date”), a merger transaction between Rigetti Holdings, Inc. (“Legacy Rigetti”) and Supernova Partners Acquisition Company II, Ltd. (“SNII”) was completed (the “Business Combination”, see Note 3). In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name to Rigetti Computing, Inc. and all of SNII Class A ordinary shares and SNII Class B ordinary shares automatically converted into shares of common stock, par value $0.0001, of the Company (the “Common Stock”) on a one-for-one basis. The SNII Public Warrants and the Private Warrants held by SNII became warrants for Common Stock. The Company’s Common Stock and Public Warrants trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbols “RGTI” and “RGTIW,” respectively. For more information on this transaction, see Note 3.

The Company determined that Legacy Rigetti was the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination based on an analysis of the criteria outlined in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, Business Combination.

The determination was primarily based on the following facts:

Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Legacy Rigetti issuing stock for the net assets of SNII, accompanied by a recapitalization. The primary asset acquired from SNII was related to the cash amounts that was assumed at historical costs. Separately, the Company also assumed warrants that were deemed to be derivatives and meet liability classification subject to fair value adjustment measurements upon closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”). No goodwill or other intangible assets were recorded as a result of the Business Combination.

While SNII was the legal acquirer in the Business Combination, because Legacy Rigetti was deemed the accounting acquirer, the historical financial statements of Legacy Rigetti became the historical financial statements of the combined company, upon the consummation of the Business Combination. As a result, the financial statements included in this report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Legacy Rigetti prior to the Business Combination; (ii) the combined results of SNII and Legacy Rigetti following the closing of the Business Combination; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Legacy Rigetti at their historical cost; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods presented.

The equity structure has been retroactively restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to Legacy Rigetti shareholders and Legacy Rigetti convertible preferred shareholders in connection with the Business Combination. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to Legacy Rigetti redeemable convertible preferred stock and Legacy Rigetti Common Stock prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Business Combination.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. All dollar amounts, except share and per share amounts, in the notes to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in thousands, unless otherwise specified.

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The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, included herein, was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including certain notes required by U.S. GAAP on an annual reporting basis. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for this period are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future interim period or for the full fiscal year. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes included with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2023, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.

Risks and Uncertainties — The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to those of other companies of similar size in its industry, including, but not limited to, the need for successful development of products, the need for additional capital (or financing) to fund operating losses, competition from substitute products and services from larger companies, protection of proprietary technology, patent litigation, dependence on key individuals, and risks associated with changes in information technology.

Based on our forecasts, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments should be sufficient to meet our anticipated operating cash needs for at least the next 12 months from the issuance of these financial statements based on our current business plan and expectations and assumptions considering current macroeconomic conditions.

COVID-19 and Macroeconomic Conditions — As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s financial position was not significantly impacted by the effects of COVID-19. The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 is no longer a global public emergency. However, any resulting disruption to the Company’s operations remains somewhat uncertain. Global economic conditions have been worsening, with disruptions to, and volatility in, the credit and financial markets, disruption to banking systems, and rising inflation and interest rates in the U.S. and worldwide resulting from the effects of COVID-19 and otherwise. If these conditions persist and deepen, the Company could experience an inability to access additional capital, or our liquidity could otherwise be impacted. If the Company is unable to raise capital when needed and on attractive terms, it would be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate its research and development programs and other efforts.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures. Such management estimates include, but are not limited to, the fair value of share-based awards, fair value of the Forward Warrant Agreement (as defined below), the fair value of derivative warrant liabilities, the fair value of earnouts issued in connection with the Business Combination (See Note 3), accrued liabilities and contingencies, depreciation and amortization periods, revenue recognition and accounting for income taxes. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, and makes adjustments when facts and circumstances dictate. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ from those estimates.

2. RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases and related subsequently issued ASUs (collectively, “Topic 842”), which supersedes Topic 840. From a lessee perspective, the core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The Company adopted Topic 842 on December 31, 2022, effective as of January 1, 2022, using the modified retrospective transition option of applying the new standard at the adoption date for all leases with an original term greater than 12 months. Adoption of the standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities of $6.3 million and $6.6 million, respectively, and a $0.3 million adjustment to deferred rent, with no impact to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2022. Adoption of the standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations or cash flows. The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2022 continue to be presented in accordance with the presentation requirements of Topic 840.

In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments. ASU No. 2019-04 was issued as part of the FASB’s ongoing project to improve upon its Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), and to clarify and improve areas of guidance related to recently issued standards on credit losses, hedging, and recognition and measurement. For entities that have not yet adopted the guidance in Update 2016-13, the effective dates and the transition requirements for these amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in Update 2016-13. The amendments related to ASC 326 were effective for the Company as of January 1, 2023. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, ASC Subtopic 820 “Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions”. The FASB issued this update (1) to clarify the guidance in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security, (2) to amend a related illustrative example, and (3) to introduce new disclosure requirements for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820. The ASU is effective for the Company after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this pronouncement on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt—(Topic 815) (“ASU No. 2020-06”), which simplifies an issuer’s accounting for convertible instruments and its application of the derivatives scope exception for contracts in its own equity. The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 are effective for public companies, other than smaller reporting companies, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this pronouncement on the consolidated financial statements.

3. BUSINESS COMBINATION

As discussed in Note 1, on March 2, 2022, the Business Combination was completed. Pursuant to the Company’s certificate of incorporation, as amended on March 2, 2022, the Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001, of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”). The holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held. The Preferred Stock is non-voting. No shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

On March 1, 2022, prior to the Closing, as contemplated by that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 6, 2021, as amended on December 23, 2021 and January 10, 2022 (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among SNII, Supernova Merger Sub, Inc., Supernova Romeo Merger Sub, LLC and Legacy Rigetti and following approval by SNII’s shareholders at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders held on February 28, 2022 (the “Extraordinary General Meeting”), SNII filed a notice of deregistration with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies, together with the necessary accompanying documents, and filed a certificate of incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and a certificate of corporate domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, under which SNII was domesticated and continues as a Delaware corporation, changing its name to “Rigetti Computing, Inc.”

As a result of and upon the effective time of the Domestication (which occurred on March 1, 2022), among other things:(1) each then issued and outstanding Class A ordinary share, par value $0.0001 per share, of SNII (“SNII Class A ordinary share”) converted automatically, on a one-for-one basis, into a share of Common Stock; (2) each then issued and outstanding Class B ordinary share, par value $0.0001 per share, of SNII (“SNII Class B ordinary share”) converted automatically, on a one-for-one basis, into a share of Common Stock; (3) each then issued and outstanding whole warrant of SNII to purchase one SNII Class A ordinary shares converted automatically into a Public Warrant to acquire one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, dated March 1, 2021, between SNII and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent; (4) and each then issued and outstanding unit of SNII (the “SNII Units”) was separated and converted automatically into one share of Common Stock and one-fourth of one Warrant.

Immediately prior to the effective time of the Business Combination, each share of Legacy Rigetti’s Series C preferred stock and Series C-1 preferred stock (collectively, the “Legacy Rigetti Preferred Stock”) with Par Value of $0.000001 converted into shares of Common Stock of Legacy Rigetti (“Legacy Rigetti Common Stock”) in accordance with the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Legacy Rigetti (such conversion, the “Legacy Rigetti Preferred Conversion”).

As a result of the Business Combination, among other things (1) all outstanding shares of Legacy Rigetti Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Closing (including Legacy Rigetti Common Stock resulting from the Legacy Rigetti Preferred Stock Conversion), were exchanged at an exchange ratio of 0.7870 (the “Exchange Ratio”) for an aggregate of 78,959,579 shares of Common Stock; (2) each warrant to purchase Legacy Rigetti Common Stock converted into a warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock (“Assumed Warrant”), with each Assumed Warrant subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the original Legacy Rigetti warrant and having an exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock purchasable based on the Exchange Ratio and other terms contained in the Merger Agreement; (3) each option to purchase Legacy Rigetti Common Stock converted into an option to purchase shares of Common Stock (“Assumed Option”), with each Assumed Option subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the original Legacy Rigetti option and with an exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock purchasable based on the Exchange Ratio and other terms contained in the Merger Agreement, and; (4) each Legacy Rigetti restricted stock unit award converted into a restricted stock unit award to receive shares of Common Stock (“Assumed RSU Award”), with each Assumed RSU Award subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the Legacy Rigetti restricted stock unit award, and with the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Assumed RSU Award converted based on the Exchange Ratio and other terms contained in the Merger Agreement.

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In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, SNII entered into a sponsor support agreement (the “Sponsor Support Agreement”) with Supernova Partners II, LLC (the “Sponsor”), Legacy Rigetti and SNII’s directors and officers. Pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement, the Sponsor and SNII’s directors and officers (“Sponsor Holders”), among other things, agreed to vote all of their shares of SNII capital stock in favor of the approval of the Business Combination. In addition, pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement, (i) 2,479,000 shares of Common Stock held by the Sponsor Holders became unvested and subject to forfeiture as of the Closing and will only vest if, during the five year period following the Closing, the volume weighted average price of Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 for any twenty trading days within a period of thirty consecutive trading days (such shares, the “Promote Sponsor Vesting Shares”), and (ii) 580,273 shares of Common Stock held by the Sponsor Holders became unvested and subject to forfeiture as of the Closing and will only vest if, during the five year period following the Closing, the volume weighted average price of Common Stock equals or exceeds $15.00 for any twenty trading days within a period of thirty consecutive trading days (such shares, the “Sponsor Redemption-Based Vesting Shares,” and, collectively with the Promote Sponsor Vesting Shares, the “Sponsor Vesting Shares”). Any such shares held by the Sponsor Holders that remain unvested after the fifth anniversary of the Closing will be forfeited (Refer to Note 4 for related significant accounting policy for the Earn-Out Liability related to the Sponsor Vesting Shares).

Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, SNII entered into Subscription Agreements (the “Initial Subscription Agreements”) with certain investors (together, the “Initial PIPE Investors”), pursuant to which the Initial PIPE Investors agreed to subscribe for and purchase, and SNII agreed to issue and sell to the Initial PIPE Investors, an aggregate of 10,251,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $102.5 Million (the “Initial PIPE Financing”). On December 23, 2021, SNII entered into Subscription Agreements (the “Subsequent Subscription Agreements”, and together with the Initial Subscription Agreements, the “Subscription Agreements”) with two “accredited investors” (as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D) (the “Subsequent PIPE Investors”, and together with the Initial PIPE Investors, the “PIPE Investors”) pursuant to which the Subsequent PIPE Investors agreed to subscribe for and purchase, and SNII agreed to issue and sell to the Subsequent PIPE Investors, an aggregate of 4,390,244 shares of Common Stock at a price of $10.25 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $45.0 Million (the “Subsequent PIPE Financing”, and together with the Initial PIPE Financing, the “PIPE Financing”). Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, Rigetti agreed to provide PIPE Investors with certain registration rights with respect to the shares purchased as part of the PIPE Financing. The PIPE Financing was consummated immediately prior to the Business Combination.

The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting, SNII was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes.

In accounting for the Business Combination and after redemptions, net proceeds received by the Company totaled $225.6 million. The table below shows the net proceeds from business combination and PIPE financing:

Transaction costs consist of direct legal, accounting and other fees relating to the consummation of the Business Combination. Legacy Rigetti transaction costs specific and directly attributable to the business combination totaled $20.65 million. These costs were initially capitalized as incurred in deferred offering assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Upon the Closing, transaction costs related to the issuance of shares were recognized in stockholders’ equity (deficit) while costs associated with the Public Warrants, Private Warrants and the earnout related to the Sponsor Vesting Shares were expensed in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of the total transaction costs of $20.65 million, $19.75 million was recorded to additional paid-in capital as a reduction of proceeds and the remaining $0.9 million was expensed in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Cash transaction costs paid in the three months ended March 31, 2022 totaled $16.7 million. Bonuses paid to certain employees related to the business combination in the three months ended March 31, 2022 totaled $2.1 million.

The amount recorded to additional paid-in-capital was $159.55 million (as discussed in Note 1), comprised of $225.6 million net proceeds less $19.75 million transaction costs, $16.3 million recognized for the Public Warrant liabilities, $9.6 million (as discussed in Note 1) recognized for the Private Warrant liabilities, and $20.4 million recognized for the earnout liability related to the Sponsor Vesting Shares.

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The number of shares of Common Stock issued immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination was as follows:

4. EARN-OUT LIABILITY

At the closing of the Business Combination, the Sponsor subjected the Sponsor Vesting Shares to forfeiture as of the Closing Date for a five-year period following the Closing, with vesting occurring only if thresholds related to the weighted average price of Common Stock are met as described above in Note 3. Business Combination (the “Earn-Out Triggering Events”). Any such shares held by the Sponsor that have not vested by the fifth anniversary of the Closing will be forfeited.

The Sponsor Vesting Shares are accounted for as liability classified instruments because the Earn-Out Triggering Events that determine the number of Sponsor Vesting Shares to be earned back by the Sponsor include outcomes that are not solely indexed to the Common Stock of the Company. The aggregate fair value of the Sponsor Vesting Shares on the Closing Date was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model and was determined to be $20.4 million at the Closing Date. The Earn-out liability is adjusted to fair value each reporting period using the Monte Carlo simulation model until such time as the Earn-Out Triggering Events are achieved or the Sponsor Vesting Shares are forfeited.

The calculated fair value of the Earn-out liability with respect to the Sponsor Vesting Shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively. The change in the fair value of the Earn-out liability included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was a loss of $0.3 million and a gain of $6.0 million, respectively.

Significant inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation models at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 2, 2022 (the initial recognition) are as follows:

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Selected condensed consolidated balance sheet line items that reflect accounts receivable, contract assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

Changes in deferred revenue from contracts with customers were as follows:

Deferred revenue recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2022 was included in the balance at the beginning of the period. Remaining performance obligations represent the portion of the transaction price that has not yet been satisfied or achieved. As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $7.5 million. The Company expects to recognize estimated revenues related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) in the amounts of approximately $5.6 million during the remainder of the year ended December 31, 2023, and $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company has not identified any costs that are incremental to the acquisition of customer contracts that would be capitalized as deferred costs on the balance sheet in accordance with ASC 340-40. Incremental costs incurred to fulfill the Company’s contracts that meet the capitalization criteria in ASC 340-40 have historically been immaterial. Accordingly, the Company has not capitalized any contract fulfillment costs as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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The Company invests in highly rated investment grade debt securities. All of the Company’s available-for-sale securities have final maturities of one year or less. The Company reviews the individual securities that have unrealized losses on a regular basis. The Company evaluates whether it has the intention to sell any of these investments and whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell any of them before recovery of the amortized cost basis. Neither of these criteria were met as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. The Company additionally evaluates whether the decline in fair value of the securities below their amortized cost basis is related to credit losses or other factors. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that the unrealized losses for its available-for-sale securities were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and non-credit-related factors. Accordingly, the Company determined that none of the unrealized losses were other-than-temporary, and that recognition of an impairment charge was not required as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023, there were 8 securities that were in a unrealized loss position with a market value of $33.8 million, with the largest loss for any single security being less than $0.1 million. None of the Company’s available-for-sale securities have been in an unrealized loss position for more than one year. No available-for-sale securities were sold in the three months ended March 31, 2023 or the three months ended March 31, 2022.

See Note 8 for additional information regarding the fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities.

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS:

The Company reports all financial assets and liabilities and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The level in the fair value hierarchy within which a fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1—Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2—Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The fair value measurements of financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows:

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As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has recorded the following financial instruments subject to fair value measurements: 1) Derivative warrant liabilities—Public Warrants liability and Private Warrants, 2) Forward Warrant Agreement, and 3) Earn-out liability. The Company also has long-term debt and a line of credit that provides for variable interest, and therefore, the carrying value approximates the fair value. The carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represent the original principal amounts borrowed less principal payments and debt issuance costs.

The fair value of the Public Warrants has been measured based on the observable listed prices for such warrants, a Level 1 measurement. The Company’s money market funds and U.S. Treasury securities are classified within Level 1 due to the highly liquid nature of these assets with quoted prices in active markets. The investments in available-for-sale securities (i.e., U.S government agency bonds, corporate bonds and commercial paper and corporate debt securities) and long-term debt and a line of credit issued by the Company are classified within Level 2. The fair value of the Company’s Level 2 financial assets and liabilities is determined by using inputs based on quoted market prices for similar instruments. All other financial instruments are classified as Level 3 liabilities as they all include unobservable inputs.

The Private Warrants were initially measured at fair value using a Black Scholes model. The Company estimated the fair value of the Forward Warrant Agreement using a forward analysis with unobservable inputs which included selected risk-free rate and probability outcomes. The Company has further discussed the key aspects of the fair value measurements described above in Notes 12 and 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The fair value of the Earn-out liability is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The Company has further discussed the key aspects of the valuation inputs in Note 4 to the financial statements.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a derivative warrant liability for the Trinity Warrants (as defined below) at fair value using a Black-Scholes option model with unobservable inputs including volatility. The Company estimates the volatility of its ordinary share warrants based on implied volatility from the Company’s publicly traded warrants and from historical volatility of select peer company’s ordinary shares that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants. On June 2, 2022, all outstanding Trinity Warrants were exercised into shares of the Company’s Common Stock

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company reduced the estimated probability of occurrence for the forward warrant agreement from 50% to 25% due to less than favorable market conditions and reduced time until expiration (see Note 13). There were no other changes in fair value measurement techniques in the three months ended March 31, 2023, or the year ended December 31, 2022, (other than the change in valuation assumptions described in Note 1). There were no transfers between Level 1 or Level 2, or transfers in or out of Level 3, of the fair value hierarchy in the three months ended March 31, 2023 or the year ended December 31, 2022. The fair value estimates are based on pertinent information available to management as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Although management is not aware of any factors, other than those noted above, that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for the purpose of these financial statements. Current estimates of fair value may differ from the amounts presented.

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A summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 are as follows:

9. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION:

2013 Equity Incentive Plan

In 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”) which provides for the grant of qualified incentive stock options (“ISO”) and nonqualified stock options (“NSO”), restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSU”) or other awards to the Company’s employees, officers, directors, advisors, and outside consultants. After the Closing Date and consummation of the Business Combination effective March 2, 2022, no additional awards were issued under the 2013 Plan. Awards outstanding under the 2013 Plan will continue to be governed by such plan; however, the Company will not grant any further awards under the 2013 Plan.

2022 Equity Incentive Plan

In connection with the Business Combination (Note 3), the shareholders approved the Rigetti Computing, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”) in February, 2022, which became effective immediately upon the Closing Date. The 2022 Plan provides for the grant of ISOs, NSOs, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards (RSUs), performance awards and other forms of awards to employees, directors, and consultants, including employees and consultants of Company’s affiliates. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock initially reserved for issuance under the 2022 Plan was 20,184,797 shares. As of March 31, 2023, 9,899,540 shares were available for future issuance under the 2022 Plan. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2022 Plan will automatically increase on January 1st of each year for a period of nine years commencing on January 1, 2023 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2032, in an amount equal to 5% of the Common Stock of all classes outstanding on December 31 of the preceding year; provided, however, that the board of directors of the Company may act prior to January 1st of a given year to provide that the increase for such year will be a lesser number of shares of Common Stock.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.55 per share. No stock options were granted in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The intrinsic value of an option is the amount by which the market price of the underlying common stock exceeds the option’s exercise price. For options outstanding at March 31, 2023, the weighted average remaining contractual term of all outstanding options was 8.05 years and their aggregate intrinsic value was $0.9 million. At March 31, 2023, the weighted average remaining contractual term of options that were exercisable was 7.18 years and their aggregate intrinsic value was $1.3 million. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $1.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $4.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022. We received proceeds from stock option exercises of $0.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $0.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022.

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Fair Value of Stock Option Grants

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected volatility for the Company’s Common Stock was determined based on an average of the historical volatility of a peer group of similar public companies. The expected term of options granted was calculated using the simplified method, which represents the average of the contractual term and the weighted-average vesting period of the option. The Company uses the simplified method because it does not have sufficient historical option exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term. The assumed dividend yield is based upon the Company’s expectation of not paying dividends in the foreseeable future. The risk-free rate is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the period equivalent to the expected life of the option. In determining the exercise prices for options granted, the Company’s board of directors has considered the fair value of the Common Stock as of the grant date. Before the Company’s common stock was publicly traded, the fair value of the Common Stock had been determined by the board of directors at each award grant date based upon a variety of factors, including the results obtained from an independent third-party valuation, the Company’s financial position and historical financial performance, the status of technological developments within the Company’s products, the composition and ability of the current engineering and management team, an evaluation or benchmark of the Company’s competition, the current business climate in the marketplace, the illiquid nature of the Common Stock, arm’s-length sales of the Company’s capital stock (including redeemable convertible preferred stock), the effect of the rights and preferences of the preferred shareholders, and the prospects of a liquidity event, among others.

No stock options were granted in the three months ended March 31, 2022. All stock options granted in the three months ended March 31, 2023 were time-based grants. Significant inputs to the Black-Scholes option-pricing model used to value stock options grants in the three months ended March 31, 2023 were as follows:

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options granted to employees was $0.4 million and $0.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options was approximately $2.2 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.18 years.

On March 2, 2022, the performance condition of all outstanding RSUs was met due to the closing of the Business Combination. As a result, the Company recorded a cumulative catch-up compensation expense for the vesting period that was satisfied as of March 2, 2022 and continues amortizing compensation expenses for unvested RSUs over their remaining vesting period.

The aggregate fair value of outstanding RSUs based on the closing share price of our common stock as of March 31, 2023 was $8.5 million. The aggregate fair value of the RSUs that vested, based on the closing price of our common stock on the vesting date, in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.7 million.

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Fair Value RSUs Awards

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued 919,545 time-based RSUs and 3,850,000 market-based performance RSUs. The time-based RSUs vest over periods ranging from 1-4 years and require continuous employment. The market-based performance RSUs vest only if certain share price thresholds are achieved and require continuous employment. Based upon the terms of such awards, 50% of the shares vest if the Company’s Common Stock trades at or above $2.00 per share, and the other 50% of the shares vest if the Company’s Common Stock trades at above $4.00 per share, for 20 out of 30 trading days through the fifth anniversary of the grant date. The fair value of the Company’s time-based RSUs was calculated based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the Company’s market-based performance RSUs was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model at the date of grant. The weighted-average grant date fair value for market-based RSUs granted in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.56 per RSU.

Significant inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model used to value market-based RSUs granted in the three months ended March 31, 2023 were as follows:

Stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs granted to employees was $1.3 million and $11.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs was approximately $27.3 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.40 years.

10. FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Loan and Security Agreement

In March 2021, the Company entered into an agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Trinity Capital Inc. (“Trinity”) to secure a debt commitment of $12.0 million (the “Tranche A”) which was drawn at the closing. The term loan is collateralized by a first-priority, senior secured interest in substantially all of the Company’s assets. In conjunction with the Loan Agreement, the Company issued Trinity a warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock (the “Trinity Warrants”) which is recorded at fair value using the Black-Scholes model, see Note 12 for the fair value assumptions.

The Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants; however, the Loan Agreement does not include any financial covenants. In May 2021, the Loan Agreement was modified to increase the overall debt commitment by $15.0 million (the “Tranche B” or the “Amendment”) and $8.0 million of the additional commitment was drawn at the closing and the remaining commitment of $7.0 million was available at the Company’s option at any time through March 10, 2022, subject to certain conditions. The Company drew the remaining $7.0 million commitment in November 2021. In conjunction with the Amendment, the Company cancelled the Trinity Warrants and issued 995,099 (783,129 shares post conversion upon the closing of the Business Combination) warrant shares to purchase the Common Stock which was an incremental cost allocated between Tranche A and Tranche B, see Note 12 for further information on the Trinity Warrants. The Amendment to the Loan Agreement was considered a modification for accounting purposes. The Company capitalized $2.8 million of debt issuance costs which consist of incremental costs incurred for the lenders and third-party legal firms as well as the fair value of the warrant issued in conjunction with the term loan.

Under the Amendment, the maturity date was modified to be the date equal to 48 months from the first payment date of each specific cash advance. Subject to an interest only period of 19 months following each specific cash advance date, the term loan incurs interest at a rate of the greater of 11% or the US Prime Rate plus 7.50% per annum, payable monthly. The Loan Agreement includes certain negative covenants, primarily consisting of restrictions on the Company’s ability to incur indebtedness, pay dividends, execute fundamental change transactions, and other specified actions.

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In addition, the Company is required to pay a final payment fee equal to 2.75% of the aggregate amount of all term loan advances. The final payment fee is being accreted and amortized into interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the term of the loan. The effective interest was between 21.28-27.51% for all tranches of the debt as of March 31, 2023.

In January 2022, the Loan Agreement was modified to increase the overall debt commitment by $5.0 million (the “Tranche C” or the “Third Amendment”) which was drawn on January 27, 2022. Subject to an interest only period of 19 months, Tranche C incurs interest at a rate of the greater of 11% or the US Prime Rate plus 7.50% per annum, payable monthly, until the maturity date, February 1, 2026. Other modifications per the Third Amendment included an extension of the requirement to raise an additional $75 million of equity until April 1, 2022 and a defined exit fee for the additional $5.0 million to be at 20% of the advanced funds under the amendment. The Company met the requirement to raise additional equity of $75 million through the Business Combination mentioned in Note 3. The Company paid an exit fee of $1.0 million which is 20% of the Tranche C amount upon the consummation of the Business Combination. The exit fee was capitalized as a debt issuance cost and is amortized using the effective interest method over the life of Tranche C. The exit fee is not applicable to Tranche A and Tranche B. In conjunction with the Third Amendment, the Company also guaranteed payment of all monetary amounts owed and performance of all covenants, obligations and liabilities.

The book value of debt approximates its fair value given its maturity and variable interest rate. Long term debt and the unamortized discount balances are as follows:

In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company recorded interest expense of $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively, which includes accretion of the end-of-term liability, amortization of the commitment fee asset and amortization of debt issuance costs of $0.2 million in each period. The unamortized debt discount as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 of $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively, is offset against the carrying value of the term loan in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Scheduled principal payments on total outstanding debt as of March 31, 2023 and December 31,2022 are as follows:

11. COMMON STOCK

As discussed in Note 3, on March 2, 2022, the Company consummated a Business Combination which has been accounted for as a reverse capitalization. Pursuant to the certificate of incorporation as amended on March 2, 2022, the Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. The holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held. The Preferred Stock is non-voting. No shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, and after payment to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock of their liquidation preferences, the holders of the Common Stock are entitled to the entire remaining assets of the Company on a pro rata basis.

As a result of the Business Combination (see Note 3), the Company has retroactively adjusted the warrants and stock-based awards outstanding prior to March 2, 2022 to give effect to the Exchange Ratio used to determine the number of shares of Common Stock into which they were converted.

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As of March 31, 2023, the Company has reserved the following shares of Common Stock for issuance upon the conversion, exercise or vesting of the underlying instruments:

Common Stock Purchase Agreement

The Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC (“B. Riley”) on August 11, 2022 pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell to B. Riley the lesser of i) $75.0 million in aggregate gross purchase price of newly issued shares of the Company’s Common Stock or ii) an amount not to exceed 23,648,889 shares of Common Stock (such number of shares equal to approximately 19.99% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the execution of the agreement and inclusive of 171,008 shares of Common Stock issued to B. Riley on August 11, 2022 as consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement). The Company did not issue or sell any shares to B. Riley under the Purchase Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

In consideration of the parties entering into the foregoing agreement, the parties also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement on August 11, 2022 pursuant to which the Company provides B. Riley with registration rights with respect to such Common Stock and pursuant to which the Company filed a registration statement covering the resale of such Common Stock, which registration statement was declared effective on September 14, 2022.

Upon the initial satisfaction of the conditions to B. Riley’s purchase obligation set forth in the Purchase Agreement, on September 14, 2022 (the “Commencement Date”) the Company has the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at the Company’s sole discretion over the 24-month period from and after the Commencement Date, to direct B. Riley to purchase a specified amount of shares not to exceed the lesser of (i) 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) 20% of the total aggregate number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) during the applicable period beginning at the official open (or “commencement”) of the regular trading session on the applicable purchase date for such purchase and ending at such time that the total aggregate volume of shares of common stock traded on Nasdaq reaches the Purchase Share Volume Maximum (as defined below) for such purchase (as applicable) (such period for each purchase, the “Purchase Valuation Period”), provided, that, (i) the closing sale price of the Common Stock on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) is not less than $1.00 and (ii) all shares of Common Stock subject to all prior Purchases (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) and all prior Intraday Purchases (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) by B. Riley under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley prior to the time the Company delivers a purchase notice to B. Riley. “Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to a purchase made pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the (i) total number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased by B. Riley in the relevant purchase (the “Purchase Share Amount”), by (ii) 0.20 (subject to certain adjustments). The Company did not identify any feature within the Purchase Agreement that needs to be bifurcated and recorded as a derivative.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company’s share price had traded below $1.00 per share for an extended period. As a result, the Company recognized a $0.7 million impairment charge in the three months ended March 31, 2023 for previously deferred offering costs related to the Purchase Agreement, which was recorded as general and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations.

12. WARRANTS

As a result of the Business Combination (see Note 3), the Company has retroactively adjusted the number and corresponding strike price of Rigetti warrants outstanding prior to March 2, 2022, the date of the Business Combination, to give effect to the Exchange Ratio used to determine the number of shares of Common Stock into which they were converted.

Liability Classified Warrants

Public Warrants

Each Public Warrant entitles the holder to the right to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Company may elect to redeem the Public Warrants subject to certain conditions, in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant if (i) 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption is provided to the holders, and (ii) the last reported sale price of the Company’s Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. Upon issuance of a redemption notice by the Company, the warrant holders have a period of 30 days to exercise for cash, or on a cashless basis. As of March 31, 2023 there were 8,625,000 Public Warrants issued and outstanding (Refer to Note 8 for fair value measurement). The Public Warrants are accounted for as a derivative liability. The fair value of the Public Warrants is measured at each reporting period based on the listed price for the warrants, with subsequent changes in the fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations at each reporting date.

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The calculated fair value of the derivative liability for the Public Warrants at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $0.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The change in the fair value of the Public Warrants included in the condensed consolidated statement of operations in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was a loss of $0.3 million and a gain of $5.1 million, respectively.

Private Warrants

The Private Warrants may not be redeemed by the Company so long as the Private Warrants are held by the initial purchasers, or such purchasers’ permitted transferees. The Private Warrants have terms and provisions identical to those of the Public Warrants, including as to exercise price, exercisability and exercise period, except if the Private Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers’ permitted transferees, then the Private Warrants are redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. On August 18, 2022, the Private Placement Warrants were transferred from the initial purchasers to permitted transferees and remain unredeemable by the Company as of March 31 2023. The Private Warrants are accounted for as a derivative liability. The fair value of the Private Warrants is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, with subsequent changes in the fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations at each reporting date.

The calculated fair value of the derivative liability for the Private Warrants at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $1.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The change in the fair value of the Private Warrants included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was a loss of $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Significant inputs into the Black-Scholes option-pricing models used to value the Private Warrants at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 2, 2022 (initial recognition) are as follows:

On August 18, 2022, the Private Placement Warrants were transferred from the initial purchasers to permitted transferees of the SPAC Sponsor by means of an internal partnership distribution.

Trinity Warrants

The Trinity Warrants were issued in March of 2021 for the purchase of 313,252 shares of common stock, and additional warrants to purchase 469,877 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the Tranche B Amendment, see Note 10. Therefore, there were a total of 783,129 common stock warrants issued in conjunction with the Loan and Security Agreement in 2021. The Trinity Warrants issued were classified as a liability under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity”. The Company utilized a Black-Scholes model to determine the grant fair value of the warrants which was approximately $2.7 million and was recorded as a debt issuance cost. The outstanding warrants were subsequently re-measured at each reporting period using the Black-Scholes model with changes recorded as a component of other income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations. The liability related to the Trinity Warrants was $6.4 million as of June 2, 2022, at which time all 783,129 Trinity Warrants were exercised and the fair value of the warrant liability was reclassified to equity.

The change in the fair value of the Trinity Warrants included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the three months ended March 31, 2022 was a loss of $0.5 million.

Significant inputs into the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value the Trinity Warrants at March 31, 2022 were as follows:

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Equity Classified Warrants

Series C Preferred Stock Financing Warrants

Between February 2020 and May 2020, a subsidiary of Legacy Rigetti issued and sold an aggregate of 69,223,658 shares (Post conversion - 54,478,260 shares) of its Series C Preferred Stock at a purchase price of $0.906793 per share (Post conversion - $1.15 per share), for an aggregate purchase price of $56.2 million (the “Series C Preferred Stock Financing”). In conjunction with the Series C Preferred Stock Financing, the Company issued a total of 5,248,183 Warrants to purchase Class A Common Stock to the Series C investors. The Warrants have a $0.01 exercise price per share and have a 10-year term to expiration. The Warrants can be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis. The Company determined that the Warrants met the requirements for equity classification under ASC 480 and ASC 815. The Company estimated the fair value of the Warrants using the Black-Scholes model and allocated approximately $1.2 million in proceeds from the Series C Preferred Stock to the value of the Warrants on a relative fair value basis, which was recorded to additional paid in capital.

Customer Warrant

In February 2020, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 2,680,607 shares of Class A Common Stock to a customer in conjunction with a revenue arrangement (the “Customer Warrant”). The Customer Warrant has a $1.152 exercise price per share and a 10-year term to expiration. The Customer Warrant vests upon the achievement of certain performance conditions (i.e., sales milestones) defined in the agreement, and upon a change of control, either 50% or 100% of the then unvested Customer Warrant will become fully vested, dependent on the acquiring party in the change of control transaction. The Customer Warrant can be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis.

The Company followed the guidance in ASC 718 and ASC 606 for the accounting of non-cash consideration payable to a customer. The Company determined that the Customer Warrant met the requirements for equity classification under ASC 718 and measured the Customer Warrant based on its grant date fair value, estimated to be $0.2 million. The Company recorded this amount as a deferred asset and additional paid in capital as of the issuance date, as the Company believes it is probable that all performance conditions (i.e., sales milestones) in the Customer Warrant will be met. As of March 31, 2023, the deferred asset balance outstanding is approximately $0.1 million, which will be recognized as a reduction in revenue in future periods.

The vesting status of the Customer Warrant at March 31, 2023 and December 31,2022 was as follows:

13. FORWARD WARRANT AGREEMENT

In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement in October 2021 (See Note 1), Rigetti entered into a warrant subscription agreement (“Forward Warrant Agreement”) with a strategic partner, Ampere Computing LLC (“Ampere”) for the purchase of a warrant for an aggregate purchase price (including amounts from exercise) of $10.0 million. The Forward Warrant Agreement provides for the issuance of a warrant for the purchase of up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.0001. The purchase of the warrant was conditioned upon, among other things, the consummation of the Business Combination and the entry into a collaboration agreement between Rigetti and Ampere. The parties entered into the collaboration agreement in January 2022. Ampere was required to pay $5.0 million to Rigetti no later than the later of (i) the Closing and (ii) June 30, 2022.

On June 30, 2022, pursuant to the Forward Warrant Agreement, the Company issued the warrant to Ampere upon receipt of an aggregate of $5.0 million (including the exercise price), and upon such payment and issuance, 500,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock vested under the warrant and were immediately exercised by Ampere pursuant to the terms of the warrant. Ampere is required to pay an additional $5.0 million to Rigetti no later than the closing date of the listing of Ampere’s capital stock on a stock exchange, provided that if the listing has not occurred by the second anniversary of the Forward Warrant Agreement, Ampere is not obligated to make the additional payment. Upon the payment of such additional amounts, the warrant will vest and be exercisable with respect to the remaining 500,000 shares. The Forward Warrant Agreement further provides that the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to file a registration statement to register the resale of the remaining shares underlying the warrant. The Company filed a registration statement registering the resale of the initial 500,000 shares issued under the warrant which was declared effective during the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company evaluated the Forward Warrant Agreement as a derivative in conjunction with the guidance of ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity”. The Company calculated the fair value of the Forward Warrant Agreement at inception using the Forward Contract Pricing methodology. The Forward Warrant Agreement was subsequently re-measured at each reporting period using the Forward Contract Pricing methodology with the change in fair value recorded in general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

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The calculated fair value of the Forward Warrant Agreement was a derivative asset at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 of $1.1 million and $2.2 million, respectively. The change in the fair value of the Forward Warrant Agreement included in general and administrative expense in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was a loss of $1.1 million and a gain of $6.0 million, respectively.

The following table represents key valuation assumptions as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: