Arena Minerals Inc. ("Arena" or the "Company") (TSX-V:
AN) is pleased to announce results of the maiden Mineral
Resource Estimate (“MRE”) conducted on its Sal de la Puna Project
(“SDLP Project”) located in the Pastos Grandes basin within Salta
province, Argentina. The MRE was completed by Hydrominex Geoscience
(Australia) and Tuareg Geological Services SRL (Argentina).
All reported mineral resources occur within a
surface area of 690 hectares contained within the Almafuerte block,
representing 6.3% of Arena’s holdings in the basin. The MRE
comprises an Inferred Mineral Resource of 230,000,000 cubic metres
(“m3”) of brine at an average lithium grade of 460 mg/l, for a
total of 106,000 tonnes of lithium metal. The MRE equates to a
contained 560,000 tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent (“LCE”).
The MRE extends down to a depth of 500 metres below surface and
remains open at depth and on strike north towards the Graciela
block and other properties owned by the Company.
Commenting on these results, Will Randall,
President and CEO of Arena, stated, “This maiden resource estimate
for the SDLP Project establishes it as one of the leading brine
resources strategically situated in the coveted Pastos Grandes
basin. The estimate offers an excellent platform to build out the
resource potential given it only covers a small portion of our
holdings in the basin. We believe the project has the potential to
host significantly more lithium providing a solid foundation to
further develop our business model with the ultimate goal of
producing low-cost lithium products.”
Table 1: Sal de la Puna Project Almafuerte
Mineral Resource Estimate (effective as of September 9, 2021)
VolumeSediments (m3) |
VolumeBrine (m3) |
Brine litres |
Li (mg/l) |
K (mg/l) |
Tonnes Li |
3,735,000,000 |
230,000,000 |
230,000,000,000 |
460 |
3,894 |
106,000 |
SDLP project Inferred lithium resource
Tonnes Li |
Tonnes LCE |
106,000 |
560,000 |
SDLP project Inferred lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE)
resource
1 Cut-off grade for brine used to calculate the
resource was 0 milligrams per liter (no-cut off).2 Tonnages are
rounded to the nearest thousand.3 Li Equivalency: each tonne of Li
is equivalent to 5.3228 tonnes of Li2CO3.4 The reader is cautioned
that mineral resources are not mineral reserves and do not have
demonstrated economic viability.5 The estimate of Mineral Resources
may be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal,
title, taxation, socio-political, marketing, or other relevant
issues. The Inferred Mineral Resource in this estimate has a lower
level of confidence and must not be converted to a Mineral Reserve.
It is reasonably expected that the Inferred Mineral Resource could
be upgraded to an Indicated Mineral Resource with continued
exploration.6. The Mineral Resource in this news release were
estimated in accordance with the Canadian Institute of Mining,
Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM), CIM Standards on Mineral Resources
and Reserves, Definitions (2014) and Best Practices Guidelines
(2019) prepared by the CIM Standing Committee on Reserve
Definitions and adopted by the CIM Council.
Estimation Methodology
An initial MRE has been defined in the
Almafuerte block in the south of the Pastos Grandes salar based on
results from drilling three holes. The lithium, potassium,
magnesium and boron concentrations were estimated by Ordinary
Kriging (OK). The block rock type composition was estimated using
an inverse distance indicator model. These values were then
weighted by the assumed porosity for each sediment type in order to
assign a porosity to each block. All estimates were carried out
using Micromine software.
Basin Boundaries
The resource estimate was developed by building
a geological model with the results from SDLP drill holes and
evaluating the publicly available information from Millennial
Lithium and Lithium LSC further to the north. A 3D wireframe solid
was constructed in order to constrain the estimates. The edge of
the basin sediments at surface was defined using topography and
satellite imagery. The dip orientation of the faults on the edges
of the basin is unknown but drilling near the basin edge to the
north of the Almafuerte licence area indicates that the boundaries
must be very steep. The thickness of the basin sediments is also
unknown as none of the drill holes in the basin have reached the
basement. The deepest drill hole in the whole basin has been
drilled in the Almafuerte block and reaches a depth of 653 m. In
order to model the sides of the basin the surface boundary was
contracted by 100 m (into the salar) and projected 500 m
downward.
Lithological Domains
The basin sediments are composed of layers of
halite, gravel, sand, clay and silt. The sediment type does not
appear to have any relationship to the brine grades however it has
a strong influence on the downhole gamma readings.
Broadly speaking, the basin can be split
into:
-
Unit 1 – upper halite dominant zone; and
-
Unit 2 – lower sand and interbedded finer clastic dominated zone.
The contact nominally dips around 5˚ towards the east.
There is a large difference in porosity on
either side of the Unit 1/Unit 2 contact. The contact was therefore
treated as a hard boundary for the purposes of estimating. The
surface created representing this contact was used to split the
basin wireframe into two zones.
The resource model extents are controlled by the
drilling information and geological interpretation. Because the
Almafuerte block appears to straddle a faulted contact between
salar sediments and older pre-salar Tertiary sediments (to the
east) the interpreted fault is used to split sediments hosting
brine from and barren non-porous rocks.
The elevation data from the Shuttle Radar
Topographic Mission (SRTM) was downloaded and the collar elevations
of the five drill holes used in the estimate were all within 2 m of
the SRTM elevation data. The upper surface of the block model is
the topography less a constant depth of 10 m, representing the
depth of the water table below surface.
Assayed Intervals Used for
Estimation
Three holes were drilled in the Almafuerte
block. An additional 23 drill holes have been drilled to the north
of the Almafuerte block on blocks owned by another company. The
collar locations, logging and brine assay results of these
additional drill holes are available in the public domain.
For the purposes of estimating the brine
concentrations in the Almafuerte block, data from the three SDLP
drill holes was combined with data from the southernmost two drill
holes from the neighbouring block to the north. It was considered
the inclusion of these data is likely to improve the estimate and
information from the adjacent property was considered to have been
collected in a reasonable manner, overseen by reputable companies,
although it was not independent verified by the QP.
Brine assays were taken with fixed lengths, with
some variability in the fixed length and distance between samples.
For this reason, the brine assay values were treated as point data
and were not composited prior to estimation. There are also large
intervals in the middle of drill holes that lack brine assays, due
to problems in recovering a brine sample during drilling.
It is to note that the brine sampling in drill
hole PP0319, which is the northernmost SDLP drill holes, was
completed after the well was installed and consequently was sampled
in a different way. The range in grades is significantly smaller in
this hole, compared to other holes.
Specific Yield Porosity
Specific yield data for the project was
collected by direct measurement in-situ using a Borehole Magnetic
Resonance (BMR) downhole logging geophysical tool. The BMR
technology was developed in the oil industry and is increasingly
used in groundwater and salt lake projects. The geophysical data
collected in test production hole 3 was compared with data from the
more limited geophysical logs collected in holes 1 and 2 and the
geological logging to define the two geological units used for the
resource estimation.
The porosity is expected to vary according to
the sediment type, with lower porosities expected in finer grained
sediments and evaporitic sediments. Down hole specific yield
porosity data was only available from one drill hole, PP0319
(profiled with the BMR tool), and this data displays a more
complicated down hole variation than was reflected by the
geologically logged sediment type. It was therefore decided to use
assumed specific yield porosities for each sediment type, based on
extensive knowledge of salt lakes in Argentina, determined by
laboratory test work, from similar sediments in a similar salar
setting to the SDLP.
An inverse distance indicator model was created
to assign these values to the block model. This involved
compositing the geological logging to 4 m intervals and creating a
column for each sediment type. The value 1 was assigned to the
column corresponding to the logged sediment type while all other
columns were assigned a zero. These values were then interpolated
into the block model using an inverse distance method. The Unit 1
and 2 contact was treated as a hard boundary. The specific yield
porosities were then calculated by taking the weighted average
porosity for each sediment type. The average specific yield
(drainable porosity) for the estimate was 6.25%.
Variogram Models and Search
Criteria
Variography was carried out for the brine assays
using all drill hole data from the basin, including data to the
north of Almafuerte. The variograms generated were reasonably
poorly structured owing to the widely and irregularly spaced data,
and variable continuity of grades. Despite this, the variogram
models showed longer ranges along the north-south long axis of the
salt lake and shorter ranges across the east-west width of the salt
lake. The shortest axis was vertical. This matches the expected
relative anisotropy.
The estimate was conducted with three passes
using expanding distances. Search criteria used for the brine assay
OK estimate ranged from 2000 to 7000 m in the lateral dimensions
and 100 to 300 m in the vertical.
Block Model
The drill holes in Almafuerte are positioned
around 1.5 km apart. A block model was created using blocks sized
500x500x20 m (E, N, RL respectively). The plan dimensions were
chosen as they are around a third of the drill hole spacing and the
shorter vertical dimension was chosen to reflect downhole data
spacing. Coordinates donate block centroid positions and are
recorded in UTM WGS 84 Zone 19 (Southern Hemisphere).
Discretisation was set to 5x5x5 (E, N, RL respectively).
The wireframes representing upper halite
dominant and lower sand dominant zones were used to flag the block
model. Sub-blocking was allowed, with the minimum dimensions of
250m x 250m x 10m (East x North x RL respectively). Blocks outside
the salt lake were deleted. The proportion of the block below the
topographic surface was assigned to the block model using a block
factor. The proportion of the block inside the Almafuerte property
was also assigned. Reported estimates must be weighted by
proportion below topography multiplied by proportion in
properties.
Reported estimate
The final block model was reviewed visually and it was concluded
that the block model fairly represents the grades observed in the
drill holes.
The entire estimate is classified as Inferred
due to the relatively large distances between drill holes and the
lack of good geological and grade continuity between drill holes.
The relatively low variability of brine assays adds some confidence
to the estimates.
The estimate can be improved by additional
drilling to improve understanding of the controls on geological and
grade continuity as well as better information on the depth of the
basin and the contacts with the rocks to the east and west of the
salt lake sediments.
Qualified Person
The scientific and technical information in this
news release was prepared in accordance with the standards of the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum and National
Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects
(“NI 43-101”). It was reviewed, verified and compiled by Murray
Brooker (M.Sc.), a Member of the Australian Institute of
Geoscientists (AIG) and the International Association of
Hydrogeologists (IAH), who is the Qualified Persons for the purpose
of NI 43-101. Mr Brooker is an employee of Hydrominex Geoscience
Pty Ltd and an independent consultant to Arena Minerals.
The resource is classified according to the CIM
“Estimation of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves Best Practice
Guidelines” dated November 29th, 2019 and CIM “Definition Standards
for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves” dated May 10th, 2014.
An NI 43-101 technical report disclosing the Sal de la Puna Project
MRE will be filed on SEDAR within 45 days. Hydrominex Geoscience
believes the SDLP Project has the potential for future economic
extraction.
About Arena Minerals Inc.
Arena owns 65% of the Sal de la Puna Project
covering approximately 11,000 hectares of the Pastos Grandes basin
located in Salta, Argentina. The claims are highly prospective and
share the basin with two advanced lithium brine projects. In
addition to Sal de la Puna, the Company owns the Antofalla lithium
brine project in Argentina, consisting of four claims covering a
total of 6,000 hectares of the central portion of Salar de
Antofalla, located immediately south of Albemarle Corporation's
Antofalla project. Arena has developed a proprietary brine
processing technology using brine type reagents derived from the
Antofalla project with the objective of producing more competitive
battery grade lithium products.
Arena also owns 80 percent of the Atacama Copper
property within the Antofagasta region of Chile, and 5.8 million
shares of Astra Exploration. The projects are at low altitudes,
within producing mining camps in infrastructure-rich areas, located
in the heart of Chile's premier copper mining district.
For more information regarding the Company, its
management, expertise, and projects, please visit
www.arenaminerals.com. An email registration allowing subscribers
to directly receive news and updates is also available on the
website.
The technical information contained in this news
release has been reviewed and approved by William Randall, P.Geo,
who is a Qualified Person as defined under NI 43-101. Mr. Randall
is a director and is the Chief Executive Officer and President of
Arena.
For more information, contact William Randall, President and
CEO, at +1-416-818-8711 or Simon Marcotte, Corporate Development,
at +1-647-801-7273 or smarcotte@arenaminerals.com.
On behalf of the Board of Directors
of: Arena Minerals Inc.
William Randall, President and CEO
Cautionary Note Regarding Accuracy and
Forward-Looking Information
This news release may contain forward-looking
information within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities
legislation. Forward-looking information includes, but is not
limited to, statements, projections and estimates relating to the
future development of any of the Company's properties, the
anticipating timing with respect to private placement financings,
the ability of the Company to complete private placement
financings, results of the exploration program, future financial or
operating performance of the Company, its subsidiaries and its
projects, the development of and the anticipated timing with
respect to the Atacama project in Chile, the Antofalla, Hombre
Muerto or Pocitos Projects in Argentina , and the Company's ability
to obtain financing. Generally, forward-looking information can be
identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as
"plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "budget",
"scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "intends", "anticipates" or
"does not anticipate", or "believes", or variations of such words
and phrases or state that certain actions, events or results "may",
"could", "would", "might" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be
achieved". The statements made herein are based on current
expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and
uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially because of
factors discussed in the management discussion and analysis section
of the Company's interim and most recent annual financial statement
or other reports and filings with the TSX Venture Exchange and
applicable Canadian securities regulations. Estimates underlying
the results set out in this news release arise from work conducted
by the previous owners and the Company. Forward-looking information
is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other
factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity,
performance or achievements of the Company to be materially
different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking
information, including but not limited to: general business,
economic, competitive, geopolitical and social uncertainties; the
actual results of current exploration activities; other risks of
the mining industry and the risks described in the annual
information form of the Company. Although the Company has attempted
to identify important factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those contained in forward-looking
information, there may be other factors that cause results not to
be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance
that such information will prove to be accurate, as actual results
and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in
such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue
reliance on forward-looking information. Arena Minerals does not
undertake to update any forward-looking information, except in
accordance with applicable securities laws.
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation
Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the
TSX Venture Exchange) accept responsibility for the adequacy or
accuracy of this release.
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