A group of MF Global creditors on Thursday filed a comprehensive plan of liquidation for the failed brokerage firm.

The proposal could pay back creditors of MF Global's general estate within a year, and should restore the accounts of brokerage customers to 100% within months, according to a person familiar with the ad-hoc group.

In other words, the $1.6 billion shortfall once reported in customer accounts will all have been paid back.

The Thursday night U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Manhattan filing was made by an ad-hoc group of creditors led by Silver Point Capital, Cyrus Capital Partners LP and Knighthead Capital Management LLC. Those creditors own about 65% of MF Global's $2.2 billion in unsecured debt, according to the filing.

Holders of about $1 billion in MF Global's unsecured bonds are expected to recover between 12 cents and 42 cents on the dollar for their claims under the plan, while those holding claims on a $1.2 billion revolving loan are expected to get more, between 27 cents and 80 cents on the dollar.

However, in the filing, the creditors said these are "conservative" estimates and that creditors may get back more.

The creditor group hopes to bring the plan before a judge at a Feb. 14 hearing in Manhattan, although bankruptcy procedures call for a several-step process to get it approved.

The filing comes less than a month after the court-appointed officials liquidating three parts of MF Global reached a truce designed to get customers their money back quicker.

That deal, between the trustee winding down MF Global's holding company, U.S. Brokerage and U.K. arm, ended months of haggling among the U.K. unit, James W. Giddens, the trustee unwinding MF Global's brokerage, and Louis J. Freeh, who is in charge of the holding company.

The Thursday filing was a next logical step after the December deal.

Individual customers of MF Global's brokerage have received most of their money back through a series of bulk transfers initiated by Mr. Giddens and approved by the court. The plan filed on Thursday is for general creditors of the holding company, who unlike the brokerage customers aren't expected to recover all their money.

Mr. Giddens is winding down MF Global's broker-dealer business under the authority of the Securities Investor Protection Act, which governs the liquidation of failed brokerage firms. The liquidation is separate from the bankruptcy case of MF Global Holdings, the parent company, which filed for Chapter 11 protection in a spectacular October 2011 collapse. That estate is now being overseen by Mr. Freeh, a former director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Write to Joseph Checkler at joseph.checkler@dowjones.com.

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