ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Compass Diversified Holdings, a Delaware statutory trust (Holdings, or the Trust), was incorporated in Delaware on November 18, 2005. Compass Group Diversified Holdings, LLC,
a Delaware limited liability Company (the Company), was also formed on November 18, 2005. The Trust and the Company (collectively CODI) were formed to acquire and manage a group of small and middle-market businesses
headquartered in North America. The Trust is the sole owner of 100% of the Trust Interests, as defined in our LLC Agreement, of the Company. Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, the Trust owns an identical number of Trust Interests in the Company as exist
for the number of outstanding shares of the Trust. Accordingly, our shareholders are treated as beneficial owners of Trust Interests in the Company and, as such, are subject to tax under partnership income tax provisions.
The Company is the operating entity with a board of directors whose corporate governance responsibilities are similar to that of a Delaware corporation.
The Companys board of directors oversees the management of the Company and our businesses and the performance of Compass Group Management LLC (CGM or our Manager). Our Manager is the sole owner of our Allocation
Interests, as defined in our LLC Agreement.
Overview
We acquire controlling interests in and actively manage businesses that we believe operate in industries with long-term macroeconomic growth opportunities, and that have positive and stable cash flows,
face minimal threats of technological or competitive obsolescence and have strong management teams largely in place.
Our unique public
structure provides investors with an opportunity to participate in the ownership and growth of companies which have historically been owned by private equity firms, wealthy individuals or families. Through the acquisition of a diversified group of
businesses with these characteristics, we also offer investors an opportunity to diversify their own portfolio risk while participating in the ongoing cash flows of those businesses through the receipt of distributions.
Our disciplined approach to our target market provides opportunities to methodically purchase attractive businesses at values that are accretive to our
shareholders. For sellers of businesses, our unique structure allows us to acquire businesses efficiently with little or no financing contingencies and, following acquisition, to provide our businesses with substantial access to growth capital.
We believe that private company operators and corporate parents looking to sell their businesses may consider us an attractive purchaser
because of our ability to:
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provide ongoing strategic and financial support for their businesses;
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maintain a long-term outlook as to the ownership of those businesses where such an outlook is required for maximization of our shareholders
return on investment; and
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consummate transactions efficiently without being dependent on third-party financing on a transaction-by-transaction basis.
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In particular, we believe that our outlook on length of ownership and active management on our part may alleviate the
concern that many private company operators and parent companies may have with regard to their businesses going through multiple sale processes in a short period of time. We believe this outlook both reduces the risk that businesses may be sold at
unfavorable points in the overall market cycle and enhances our ability to develop a comprehensive strategy to grow the earnings and cash flows of our businesses, which we expect will better enable us to meet our long-term objective of paying
distributions to our shareholders and increasing shareholder value.
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Finally, we have found that our ability to acquire businesses without the cumbersome delays and conditions typical of third party transactional financing can be very appealing to sellers of
businesses who are interested in confidentiality and certainty to close.
We believe our management teams strong relationships with
industry executives, accountants, attorneys, business brokers, commercial and investment bankers, and other potential sources of acquisition opportunities offer us substantial opportunities to assess small to middle market businesses that may be
available for acquisition. In addition, the flexibility, creativity, experience and expertise of our management team in structuring transactions allows us to consider non-traditional and complex transactions tailored to fit a specific acquisition
target.
In terms of the businesses in which we have a controlling interest as of December 31, 2012, we believe that these businesses
have strong management teams, operate in strong markets with defensible market niches and maintain long standing customer relationships. We believe that the strength of this model, which provides for significant industry, customer and geographic
diversity, has become even more apparent in the current challenging economic environment.
2012 Highlights
Acquisition of Arnold Magnetics
On March 5, 2012, we purchased a 96.6% controlling interest (on a primary and fully diluted basis) in Arnold Magnetics, with headquarters in Rochester, NY. Arnold Magnetics has an operating history
of more than 100 years and is a leading global manufacturer of engineered magnetic solutions for a wide range of specialty applications and end-markets, including energy, medical, aerospace and defense, consumer electronics, general industrial and
automotive. From its nine manufacturing facilities located in the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and China, the company produces high performance permanent magnets, flexible magnets and precision foil products that are mission
critical in motors, generators, sensors and other systems and components. Based on its long-term relationships, Arnold Magnetics has built a diverse and blue-chip customer base totaling more than 2,000 clients worldwide.
The purchase price, including proceeds from non-controlling interests, was approximately $130.5 million (excluding acquisition-related costs) and was
based on a total enterprise value of $124.2 million and included approximately $6.3 million in cash and working capital. Acquisition related costs were approximately $4.8 million. We funded the acquisition through available cash on hand and a draw
of $25 million on our Revolving Credit Facility. Arnolds management and certain other investors invested in the transaction alongside us, collectively representing approximately 3.4% in initial non-controlling interest on a primary and fully
diluted basis. CGM acted as an advisor to us in the transaction and received fees and expense payments totaling approximately $1.2 million.
Preferred Stock Redemption
On March 6, 2012, we redeemed CamelBaks 11% convertible preferred stock for $45.3 million plus accrued dividends of $2.7 million, from an
affiliate of CGI Magyar Holdings LLC, CODIs largest shareholder. The redemption was funded with available cash on hand.
Debt
Re-pricing
On April 2, 2012, we exercised our option for an incremental term loan in the amount of $30 million. The
incremental term loan was issued at 99% of par value and increased the term loans outstanding under the Credit Facility from approximately $224.4 million to approximately $254.4 million. In addition, in connection with the option we reduced the
margin on Term Loan Facility LIBOR Loans from 6.00% to 5.00%, Base Rate Loans from 5.00% to 4.00% and reduced the LIBOR floor from 1.50% to 1.25%. We paid an amendment fee of approximately $2.2 million, and incurred additional fees and expenses of
approximately $0.6 million. Net proceeds from this incremental term loan were used to reduce outstanding loans on the Revolving Credit Facility.
Sale of HALO
On May 1, 2012, we sold all of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of HALO to Candlelight Investment Holdings, Inc. The total enterprise value received for HALO was $76.5 million.
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At the closing, we received approximately $66.0 million in cash in respect of our debt and equity interests
in HALO and for the payment of accrued interest and fees after payments to non-controlling shareholders and payment of all transaction expenses. We received an additional approximately $0.8 million in 2012 that were held in escrow. The net proceeds
were used to repay outstanding debt under our Revolving Credit Facility. We recorded a loss on the sale of HALO of $0.5 million.
2012 Distributions
For
the 2012 fiscal year we declared and paid distributions to our shareholders totaling $1.44 per share.
The following is a brief summary of
the businesses in which we own a controlling interest at December 31, 2012:
Advanced Circuits
Compass AC Holdings, Inc. (Advanced Circuits or ACI), headquartered in Aurora, Colorado, is a provider of prototype, quick-turn
and production rigid printed circuit boards, or PCBs, throughout the United States. PCBs are a vital component of virtually all electronic products. The prototype and quick-turn portions of the PCB industry are characterized by customers
requiring high levels of responsiveness, technical support and timely delivery. We made loans to and purchased a controlling interest in Advanced Circuits, on May 16, 2006, for approximately $81.0 million. We currently own 69.4% of the
outstanding stock of Advanced Circuits on a primary and fully diluted basis.
American Furniture
AFM Holding Corporation (American Furniture or AFM) headquartered in Ecru, Mississippi, is a leader in the manufacturing of
low-cost upholstered stationary and motion furniture, including sofas, loveseats, sectionals, recliners and complementary products to the promotional furniture market. We made loans to and purchased a controlling interest in AFM on August 31,
2007 for approximately $97.0 million. We currently own approximately 99.9% of AFMs outstanding stock on a primary basis and fully diluted basis.
Arnold
AMT Acquisition Corporation (Arnold or Arnold
Magnetics), headquartered in Rochester, NY, with nine additional facilities worldwide, is a manufacturer of engineered, application specific permanent magnets. Arnold Magnetics products are used in applications such as general industrial,
reprographic systems, aerospace and defense, advertising and promotional, consumer and appliance, energy, automotive and medical technology. Arnold Magnetics is the largest U.S. manufacturer of engineered magnets as well as only one of two domestic
producers to design, engineer and manufacture rare earth magnetic solutions. We made loans to, and purchased a controlling interest in Arnold on March 5, 2012 for approximately $122.4 million. We currently own 96.7% of the outstanding stock of
Arnold on a primary basis and 87.6% on a fully diluted basis.
CamelBak
CamelBak Products LLC (CamelBak), headquartered in Petaluma, California, is a diversified hydration and personal protection platform offering products for outdoor, recreation and military
applications. CamelBak offers a broad range of recreational / military hydration packs, reusable water bottles, specialized military gloves and performance accessories. We made loans to, and purchased a controlling interest in, CamelBak on
August 24, 2011 for approximately $211.6 million. We currently own 89.9% of the outstanding stock of CamelBak on a primary basis and 79.7% on a fully diluted basis.
Ergobaby
Ergobaby Carrier, Inc. (Ergobaby), headquartered in Los
Angeles, California, is a premier designer, manufacturer and distributor of baby wearing products, stroller travel systems and accessories. Ergobabys reputation for product innovation, reliability and safety has led to numerous awards and
accolades from consumer surveys and publications. Ergobaby offers a broad range of wearable baby carriers, stroller travel systems and related products that are sold through more than 600 retailers and web shops in the United States and
internationally. We made loans to, and purchased a controlling interest in, Ergobaby on September 16, 2010 for approximately $85.2 million. We currently own 81.1% of the outstanding stock of Ergobaby on a primary basis and 77.1% on a fully
diluted basis.
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Fox
Fox Factory Holding Corp. (Fox) headquartered in Scotts Valley, California, is a designer, manufacturer and marketer of high end suspension products for mountain bikes and power sports, which
includes; all-terrain vehicles, snowmobiles and other off-road vehicles. Fox acts both as a tier one supplier to leading action sports original equipment manufacturers (OEM) and provides after-market products to retailers and
distributors (Aftermarket). Foxs products are recognized as the industrys performance leaders by retailers and end-users alike. We made loans to and purchased a controlling interest in Fox on January 4, 2008, for
approximately $80.4 million. We currently own 75.8% of the outstanding common stock on a primary basis and 70.6% on a fully diluted basis.
Liberty Safe
Liberty Safe and
Security Products, Inc. (Liberty Safe or Liberty), headquartered in Payson, Utah, is a designer, manufacturer and marketer of premium home and gun safes in North America. From its over 200,000 square foot manufacturing
facility, Liberty produces a wide range of home and gun safe models in a broad assortment of sizes, features and styles. We made loans to and purchased a controlling interest in Liberty Safe on March 31, 2010 for approximately $70.2 million. We
currently own 96.2% of the outstanding stock of Liberty Safe on a primary basis and 86.7% on a fully diluted basis.
Tridien
Anodyne Medical Device, Inc. (Anodyne, which was rebranded as Tridien in September 2010) headquartered in
Coral Springs, Florida, is a leading designer and manufacturer of powered and non-powered medical therapeutic support services and patient positioning devices serving the acute care, long-term care and home health care markets. Tridien is one of the
nations leading designers and manufacturers of specialty therapeutic support surfaces and is able to manufacture products in multiple locations to better serve a national customer base. We made loans to and purchased a controlling interest in
Tridien from CGI on August 1, 2006 for approximately $31.0 million. We currently own 81.3% of the outstanding capital stock on a primary basis and 67.4% on a fully diluted basis.
Our businesses also represent our operating segments. See Our Businesses and Note E Operating Segment Data to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further
discussion of our businesses as our operating segments.
Tax Reporting
Information returns will be filed by the Trust and the Company with the IRS, as required, with respect to income, gain, loss, deduction and other items derived from the companys activities. The
Company has and will file a partnership return with the IRS and intends to issue a Schedule K-1 to the trustee. The trustee intends to provide information to each holder of shares using a monthly convention as the calculation period. For 2012,
and future years, the Trust has, and will continue to file a Form 1065 and issue Schedule K-1 to shareholders. For 2012, we delivered the Schedule K-1 to shareholders within the same time frame as we delivered the schedule to shareholders
for the 2011 and 2010 taxable year. The relevant and necessary information for tax purposes is readily available electronically through our website. Each holder will be deemed to have consented to provide relevant information, and if the shares are
held through a broker or other nominee, to allow such broker or other nominee to provide such information as is reasonably requested by us for purposes of complying with our tax reporting obligations.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC Forms S-1 and S-3 under the Securities Act, and Forms 10-Q, 10-K, and 8-K under the Exchange Act, which include exhibits, schedules and amendments. In addition, copies of such
reports are available free of charge that can be accessed indirectly through our website
http://www.compassdiversifiedholdings.com
and are available as soon as reasonably practicable after such documents are electronically filed or furnished
with the SEC.
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(1)
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CGI and its affiliates beneficially own approximately 16.4% of the Trust shares and is our single largest holder. Mr. Offenberg is not a director, officer or
member of CGI or any of its affiliates.
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(2)
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Owned by members of our Manager.
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(3)
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Mr. Offenberg is a partner of this entity.
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(4)
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The Allocation Interests, which carry the right to receive a profit allocation, represent less than 0.1% equity interest in the Company.
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(5)
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Mr. Day is a non-managing member.
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Our Manager
Our Manager, CGM, has been engaged to manage the day-to-day operations and affairs of the Company and to execute our strategy, as discussed below. Our management team has worked together since 1998.
Collectively, our management team has extensive experience in acquiring and managing small and middle market businesses. We believe our Manager is unique in the marketplace in terms of the success and experience of its employees in acquiring and
managing diverse businesses of the size and general nature of our businesses. We believe this experience will provide us with an advantage in executing our overall strategy. Our management team devotes a majority of its time to the affairs of the
Company.
We have entered into a management services agreement (the Management Services Agreement) pursuant to which our Manager
manages the day-to-day operations and affairs of the Company and oversees the management and operations of our businesses. We pay our Manager a quarterly management fee for the services it performs on our behalf. In addition, our Manager receives a
profit allocation with respect to its Allocation Interests in us. See Part III, Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions for further descriptions of the management fees and profit allocation to be paid to our Manager.
In consideration of our Managers acquisition of the Allocation Interests, we entered into a Supplemental Put agreement with our Manager pursuant to which our Manager has the right to cause us to purchase its Allocation Interests upon
termination of the Management Services Agreement. Our Manager owns 100% of the Allocation Interests of the Company, for which it paid $0.1 million.
The Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are employees of our Manager and have been seconded to us. Neither the Trust nor the Company has any other employees. Although our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are employees of our Manager, they report directly to the Companys board of directors. The management fee paid to our Manager covers all expenses related to the services performed by our
Manager, including the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and other personnel providing services to us. The Company reimburses our Manager for the salary and related costs and expenses of our Chief Financial Officer and his staff, who
dedicate substantially all of their time to the affairs of the Company.
See Part III, Item 13, Certain Relationships and Related
Party Transactions and Director Independence.
Market Opportunity
We acquire and actively manage small and middle market businesses. We characterize small to middle market businesses as those that generate annual cash flows of up to $60 million. We believe that the
merger and acquisition market for small to middle market businesses is highly fragmented and provides opportunities to purchase businesses at attractive prices. We believe that the following factors contribute to lower acquisition multiples for
small and middle market businesses:
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there are fewer potential acquirers for these businesses;
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third-party financing generally is less available for these acquisitions;
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sellers of these businesses frequently consider non-economic factors, such as continuing board membership or the effect of the sale on their employees;
and
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these businesses are less frequently sold pursuant to an auction process.
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We believe that opportunities exist to augment existing management at such businesses and improve the performance of these businesses upon their acquisition. In the past, our management team has acquired
businesses that were owned by entrepreneurs or large corporate parents. In these cases, our management team has frequently found that there have been opportunities to further build upon the management teams of acquired businesses beyond those in
existence at the time of acquisition. In addition, our management team has frequently found that financial reporting and management information systems of acquired businesses may be improved, both of which can lead to improvements in earnings and
cash flow. Finally, because these businesses tend to be too small to have their own corporate development efforts, we believe opportunities exist to assist these businesses as they pursue organic or external growth strategies that were often not
pursued by their previous owners.
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Our Strategy
We have two primary strategies that we use in order to provide distributions to our shareholders and increase shareholder value. First, we focus on growing the earnings and cash flow from our businesses.
We believe that the scale and scope of our businesses give us a diverse base of cash flow upon which to further build. Second, we identify, perform due diligence on, negotiate and consummate additional platform acquisitions of small to middle market
businesses in attractive industry sectors in accordance with acquisition criteria established by the board of directors
Management
Strategy
Our management strategy involves the proactive financial and operational management of the businesses we own in order to pay
distributions to our shareholders and increase shareholder value. Our Manager oversees and supports the management teams of each of our businesses by, among other things:
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recruiting and retaining talented managers to operate our businesses using structured incentive compensation programs, including minority equity
ownership, tailored to each business;
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regularly monitoring financial and operational performance, instilling consistent financial discipline, and supporting management in the development
and implementation of information systems to effectively achieve these goals;
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assisting management in their analysis and pursuit of prudent organic growth strategies;
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identifying and working with management to execute attractive external growth and acquisition opportunities;
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assist management in controlling and right-sizing overhead costs, particularly in the current challenging economic environment; and
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forming strong subsidiary level boards of directors to supplement management in their development and implementation of strategic goals and objectives.
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Specifically, while our businesses have different growth opportunities and potential rates of growth, we expect our Manager
to work with the management teams of each of our businesses to increase the value of, and cash generated by, each business through various initiatives, including:
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making selective capital investments to expand geographic reach, increase capacity, or reduce manufacturing costs of our businesses;
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investing in product research and development for new products, processes or services for customers;
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improving and expanding existing sales and marketing programs;
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pursuing reductions in operating costs through improved operational efficiency or outsourcing of certain processes and products; and
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consolidating or improving management of certain overhead functions.
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In terms of the difficult economic environment we are currently facing, we and each of our subsidiary management teams have been, and will continue to be, intensely focused on performance and cost control
measures through this economic cycle.
Our businesses typically acquire and integrate complementary businesses. We believe that complementary
acquisitions will improve our overall financial and operational performance by allowing us to:
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leverage manufacturing and distribution operations;
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leverage branding and marketing programs, as well as customer relationships;
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add experienced management or management expertise;
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increase market share and penetrate new markets; and
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realize cost synergies by allocating the corporate overhead expenses of our businesses across a larger number of businesses and by implementing and
coordinating improved management practices.
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We incur third party debt financing almost entirely at the Company level, which
we use, in combination with our equity capital, to provide debt financing to each of our businesses and to acquire additional businesses We believe this financing structure is beneficial to the financial and operational activities of each of our
businesses by aligning our interests as both equity holders of, and lenders to, our businesses, in a manner that we believe is more efficient than our businesses borrowing from third-party lenders.
Acquisition Strategy
Our
acquisition strategy involves the acquisition of businesses that we expect to produce stable and growing earnings and cash flow. In this respect, we expect to make acquisitions in industries other than those in which our businesses currently operate
if we believe an acquisition presents an attractive opportunity. We believe that attractive opportunities will continue to present themselves, as private sector owners seek to monetize their interests in longstanding and privately-held businesses
and large corporate parents seek to dispose of their non-core operations.
Our ideal acquisition candidate has the
following characteristics:
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is an established North American based company;
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maintains a significant market share in defensible industry niche (i.e., has a reason to exist);
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has a solid and proven management team with meaningful incentives;
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has low technological and/or product obsolescence risk; and
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maintains a diversified customer and supplier base.
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We benefit from our Managers ability to identify potential diverse acquisition opportunities in a variety of industries. In addition, we rely upon our management teams experience and expertise
in researching and valuing prospective target businesses, as well as negotiating the ultimate acquisition of such target businesses. In particular, because there may be a lack of information available about these target businesses, which may make it
more difficult to understand or appropriately value such target businesses, on our behalf, our Manager:
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engages in a substantial level of internal and third-party due diligence;
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critically evaluates the management team;
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identifies and assesses any financial and operational strengths and weaknesses of the target business;
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analyzes comparable businesses to assess financial and operational performances relative to industry competitors;
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actively researches and evaluates information on the relevant industry; and
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thoroughly negotiates appropriate terms and conditions of any acquisition.
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The process of acquiring new businesses is both time-consuming and complex. Our management team historically
has taken from two to twenty-four months to perform due diligence, negotiate and close acquisitions. Although our management team is always at various stages of evaluating several transactions at any given time, there may be periods of time during
which our management team does not recommend any new acquisitions to us. Even if an acquisition is recommended by our management team, our board of directors may not approve it.
Upon acquisition of a new business, we rely on our managers experience and expertise to work efficiently and effectively with the management of the new business to jointly develop and execute a
successful business plan.
We believe, due to our financing structure, in which both equity and debt capital are raised at the Company level,
allowing us to acquire businesses without transaction specific financing is conducive to our ability to consummate transactions that may be attractive in both the short- and long-term.
In addition to acquiring businesses, we sell businesses that we own from time to time when attractive opportunities arise that outweigh the value that we believe we will be able to bring such businesses
consistent with our long-term investment strategy. As such, our decision to sell a business is based on our belief that doing so will increase shareholder value to a greater extent than through our continued ownership of that business. Upon the sale
of a business, we may use the proceeds to retire debt or retain proceeds for acquisitions or general corporate purposes. We do not expect to make special distributions at the time of a sale of one of our businesses; instead, we expect to pay
shareholder distributions over time through the earnings and cash flows of our businesses.
Since our inception in May 2006, we have recorded
gains on sales of our businesses of approximately $198 million. We sold Crosman in January 2007, Aeroglide and Silvue in June 2008, Staffmark in 2011 and HALO in 2012. We sold Crosman, our majority owned recreational products company for
approximately $143 million and our net proceeds and gain on sale were approximately $110 million and $36 million, respectively. We sold Aeroglide, our majority owned designer and manufacturer of industrial drying and cooling equipment for
approximately $95 million and our net proceeds and gain on sale were approximately $78 million and $34 million, respectively. We sold Silvue, our majority owned developer and producer of proprietary, high performance liquid coating systems for
approximately $95 million and our net proceeds and gain on sale were approximately $64 million and $39 million, respectively. We sold Staffmark, our majority-owned provider of temporary staffing solutions subsidiary for approximately $295 million
and our net proceeds and gain on sale were approximately $217 million and $89 million, respectively We sold HALO, our majority owned fulfillment provider of promotional items for $76.5 million and our net proceeds upon sale were approximately $66.0
million and our loss on sale was approximately $0.5 million.
Strategic Advantages
Based on the experience of our management team and its ability to identify and negotiate acquisitions, we believe we are well-positioned to acquire
additional businesses. Our management team has strong relationships with business brokers, investment and commercial bankers, accountants, attorneys and other potential sources of acquisition opportunities. In addition, our management team also has
a successful track record of acquiring and managing small to middle market businesses in various industries. In negotiating these acquisitions, we believe our management team has been able to successfully navigate complex situations surrounding
acquisitions, including corporate spin-offs, transitions of family-owned businesses, management buy-outs and reorganizations.
Our management
team has a large network of approximately 2,000 deal intermediaries who we expect to expose us to potential acquisitions. Through this network, as well as our management teams proprietary transaction sourcing efforts, we have a substantial
pipeline of potential acquisition targets. Our management team also has a well-established network of contacts, including professional managers, attorneys, accountants and other third-party consultants and advisors, who may be available to assist us
in the performance of due diligence and the negotiation of acquisitions, as well as the management and operation of our acquired businesses.
Finally, because we intend to fund acquisitions through the utilization of our Revolving Credit Facility, we expect to minimize the delays and closing
conditions typically associated with transaction specific financing, as is typically the case in such acquisitions. We believe this advantage can be a powerful one, especially in a tight credit environment, and is highly unusual in the marketplace
for acquisitions in which we operate.
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Valuation and Due Diligence
When evaluating businesses or assets for acquisition, our management team performs a rigorous due diligence and financial evaluation process. In doing so, we evaluate the operations of the target business
as well as the outlook for the industry in which the target business operates. While valuation of a business is, by definition, a subjective process, we define valuations under a variety of analyses, including:
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discounted cash flow analyses;
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evaluation of trading values of comparable companies;
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expected value matrices; and
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examination of recent transactions.
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One outcome of this process is a projection of the expected cash flows from the target business. A further outcome is an understanding of the types and levels of risk associated with those projections.
While future performance and projections are always uncertain, we believe that with detailed due diligence, future cash flows will be better estimated and the prospects for operating the business in the future better evaluated. To assist us in
identifying material risks and validating key assumptions in our financial and operational analysis, in addition to our own analysis, we engage third-party experts to review key risk areas, including legal, tax, regulatory, accounting, insurance and
environmental. We also engage technical, operational or industry consultants, as necessary.
A further critical component of the evaluation of
potential target businesses is the assessment of the capability of the existing management team, including recent performance, expertise, experience, culture and incentives to perform. Where necessary, and consistent with our management strategy, we
actively seek to augment, supplement or replace existing members of management who we believe are not likely to execute our business plan for the target business. Similarly, we analyze and evaluate the financial and operational information systems
of target businesses and, where necessary, we enhance and improve those existing systems that are deemed to be inadequate or insufficient to support our business plan for the target business.
Financing
We have a Credit Facility with a group of lenders led by TD Securities
that we entered into on October 27, 2011 and amended on April 2, 2012. The Credit Facility provides for a Revolving Credit Facility totaling $290.0 million, subject to borrowing base restrictions, and a Term Loan Facility totaling $255
million. The Term Loan Facility requires quarterly payments of $0.6 million, with a final payment of the outstanding principal balance on October 27, 2017. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on October 27, 2016.
The Credit Facility provides for letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate face amount not to exceed $100 million
outstanding at any time. At no time may the (i) aggregate principal amount of all amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate amount of all outstanding letters of credit, exceed the borrowing
availability under the Credit Facility. At December 31, 2012, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $1.8 million. The borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility at December 31, 2012 was approximately
$264.2 million.
The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company, including all of its equity interests in, and loans to,
its subsidiaries. (See Note I to the consolidated financial statements for more detail regarding our Credit Facility).
We intend to finance
future acquisitions through our Revolving Credit Facility, cash on hand and, if necessary, additional equity and debt financings. We believe, and it has been our experience, that having the ability to finance our acquisitions with the capital
resources raised by us, rather than negotiating separate third party financing specifically related to the acquisition of individual businesses, provides us with an advantage in acquiring attractive
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businesses by minimizing delay and closing conditions that are often related to acquisition-specific financings. In this respect, we believe that in the future, we may need to pursue additional
debt or equity financings, or offer equity in Holdings or target businesses to the sellers of such target businesses, in order to fund multiple future acquisitions.
Our Businesses
Advanced Circuits
Overview
Advanced Circuits,
headquartered in Aurora, Colorado, is a provider of prototype, quick-turn and production rigid PCBs, throughout the United States. Advanced Circuits also provides its customers with assembly services in order to meet its customers complete PCB
needs. The prototype and quick-turn portions of the PCB industry are characterized by customers requiring high levels of responsiveness, technical support and timely delivery. Due to the critical roles that PCBs play in the research and development
process of electronics, customers often place more emphasis on the turnaround time and quality of a customized PCB than on the price. Advanced Circuits meets this market need by manufacturing and delivering custom PCBs in as little as 24 hours,
providing customers with over 98% error-free production and real-time customer service and product tracking 24 hours per day. In each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, approximately 60%, 63% and 64% of Advanced Circuits sales were derived from
highly profitable prototype and quick-turn production PCBs. Advanced Circuits success is demonstrated by its broad base of over 11,000 customers with which it does business throughout the year. These customers represent numerous end markets,
and for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, no single customer accounted for more than 2% of net sales. Advanced Circuits senior management, collectively, has approximately 90 years of experience in the electronic
components manufacturing industry and closely related industries.
For the full fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010,
Advanced Circuits had net sales of approximately $84.1 million, $78.5 million and $74.5 million, respectively and operating income of $24.0 million, $26.6 million and $20.4 million, respectively. Advanced Circuits had total assets of $91.4 million,
$88.7 million and $92.0 million at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Net sales from Advanced Circuits represented 9.5%, 12.9%, and 14.8% of our consolidated net sales for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
History of Advanced Circuits
Advanced Circuits commenced operations in 1989 through the acquisition of the assets of a small Denver based PCB manufacturer, Seiko Circuits. During its
first years of operations, Advanced Circuits focused exclusively on manufacturing high volume, production run PCBs with a small group of proportionately large customers. In 1992, after the loss of a significant customer, Advanced Circuits made a
strategic shift to limit its dependence on any one customer. As a result, Advanced Circuits began focusing on developing a diverse customer base, and in particular, on providing research and development professionals at equipment manufacturers and
academic institutions with low volume, customized prototype and quick-turn PCBs.
In 1997, Advanced Circuits increased its capacity and
consolidated its facilities into its current headquarters in Aurora, Colorado. In 2003, to support its growth, Advanced Circuits expanded its PCB manufacturing facility by approximately 37,000 square feet or approximately 150%.
In March 2010, Advanced Circuits acquired Circuit Express, Inc. (CEI) for approximately $16.1 million. Based in Tempe, Arizona and founded in
1987, CEI focuses on quick-turn and prototype manufacturing of rigid PCBs primarily for the aerospace and defense related industry customers. CEI also specializes in expedited delivery in as fast as 24 hours. CEI reported net sales of approximately
$16.4 million in 2010 and $18.7 million for the full fiscal 2011 year.
14
On May 23, 2012, Advanced Circuits acquired Universal Circuits for approximately $2.3 million.
Universal Circuits supplies PCBs to major military, aerospace, and medical original equipment manufacturers and contract manufacturers. UCIs Minnesota facility meets certain Department of Defense clearance requirements and is noted for custom
and advanced technologies. Universal Circuits sales are primarily in the long-lead sector.
We purchased a controlling interest in
Advanced Circuits on May 16, 2006.
Industry
The PCB industry, which consists of both large global PCB manufacturers and small regional PCB manufacturers, is a vital component to all electronic equipment supply chains, as PCBs serve as the
foundation for virtually all electronic products, including cellular telephones, appliances, personal computers, routers, switches and network servers. PCBs are used by manufacturers of these types of electronic products, as well as by persons and
teams engaged in research and development of new types of equipment and technologies.
In contrast to global trends, however, production of
PCBs in North America has declined since 2000 and is expected to grow slightly over the next several years according to the IPC 2010 Analysis. The rapid decline in United States production was caused by (i) reduced demand for and spending on
PCBs following the technology and telecom industry decline in early 2000; and (ii) increased competition for volume production of PCBs from Asian competitors benefiting from both lower labor costs and less restrictive waste and environmental
regulations. While Asian manufacturers have made large market share gains in the PCB industry overall, prototype and quick-turn production, some of the more complex volume production and military production have remained strong in the United States.
Both globally and domestically, the PCB market can be separated into three categories based on required lead time and order volume:
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|
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Prototype PCBs
These PCBs are typically manufactured for customers in research and development departments of original equipment
manufacturers, or OEMs, and academic institutions. Prototype PCBs are manufactured to the specifications of the customer, within certain manufacturing guidelines designed to increase speed and reduce production costs. Prototyping is a critical stage
in the research and development of new products. These prototypes are used in the design and launch of new electronic equipment and are typically ordered in volumes of 1 to 50 PCBs. Because the prototype is used primarily in the research and
development phase of a new electronic product, the life cycle is relatively short and requires accelerated delivery time frames of usually less than five days and very high, error-free quality. Order, production and delivery time, as well as
responsiveness with respect to each, are key factors for customers as PCBs are indispensable to their research and development activities.
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Quick-Turn Production PCBs
These PCBs are used for intermediate stages of testing for new products prior to full scale
production. After a new product has successfully completed the prototype phase, customers undergo test marketing and other technical testing. This stage requires production of larger quantities of PCBs in a short period of time, generally 10 days or
less, while it does not yet require high production volumes. This transition stage between low-volume prototype production and volume production is known as quick-turn production. Manufacturing specifications conform strictly to end product
requirements and order quantities are typically in volumes of 10 to 500. Similar to prototype PCBs, response time remains crucial as the delivery of quick-turn PCBs can be a gating item in the development of electronic products. Orders for
quick-turn production PCBs conform specifically to the customers exact end product requirements.
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Volume Production PCBs
These PCBs, which we sometimes refer to as long lead and sub-contract are used in the
full scale production of electronic equipment and specifications conform strictly to end product requirements. Volume Production PCBs are ordered in large quantities, usually over 100 units, and response time is less important, ranging between 15
days to 10 weeks or more.
|
15
These categories can be further distinguished based on board complexity, with each portion facing different
competitive threats. Advanced Circuits competes largely in the prototype and quick-turn production portions of the North American market, which have not been significantly impacted by the Asian based manufacturers due to the quick response time
required for these products. Management believes the North American PCB market is estimated to be approximately $3.5 billion in 2012.
Several significant trends are present within the PCB manufacturing industry, including:
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|
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Increasing Customer Demand for Quick-Turn Production Services
Rapid advances in technology are significantly shortening product
life-cycles and placing increased pressure on OEMs to develop new products in shorter periods of time. In response to these pressures, OEMs invest heavily in research and development, which results in a demand for PCB companies that can offer
engineering support and quick-turn production services to minimize the product development process.
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Increasing Complexity of Electronic Equipment
OEMs are continually designing more complex and higher performance electronic
equipment, requiring sophisticated PCBs. To satisfy the demand for more advanced electronic products, PCBs are produced using exotic materials and increasingly have higher layer counts and greater component densities. Maintaining the production
infrastructure necessary to manufacture PCBs of increasing complexity often requires significant capital expenditures and has acted to reduce the competitiveness of local and regional PCB manufacturers lacking the scale to make such investments.
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|
Shifting of High Volume Production to Asia
Asian based manufacturers of PCBs are capitalizing on their lower labor costs and are
increasing their market share of volume production of PCBs used, for example, in high-volume consumer electronics applications, such as personal computers and cell phones. Asian based manufacturers have been generally unable to meet the lead time
requirements for prototype or quick-turn PCB production or the volume production of the most complex PCBs. This off shoring of high-volume production orders has placed increased pricing pressure and margin compression on many small
domestic manufacturers that are no longer operating at full capacity. Many of these small producers are choosing to cease operations, rather than operate at a loss, as their scale, plant design and customer relationships do not allow them to focus
profitably on the prototype and quick-turn sectors of the market.
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Products and Services
A PCB is comprised of layers of laminate and contains patterns of electrical circuitry to connect electronic components. Advanced Circuits typically
manufactures 2 to 20 layer PCBs, and has the capability to manufacture up even higher layer PCBs. The level of PCB complexity is determined by several characteristics, including size, layer count, density (line width and spacing), materials and
functionality. Beyond complexity, a PCBs unit cost is determined by the quantity of identical units ordered, as engineering and production setup costs per unit decrease with order volume, and required production time, as longer times often
allow increased efficiencies and better production management. Advanced Circuits primarily manufactures lower complexity PCBs.
To manufacture
PCBs, Advanced Circuits generally receives circuit designs from its customers in the form of computer data files emailed to one of its sales representatives or uploaded on its interactive website. These files are then reviewed to ensure data
accuracy and product manufacturability. While processing these computer files, Advanced Circuits generates images of the circuit patterns that are then physically developed on individual layers, using advanced photographic processes. Through a
variety of plating and etching processes, conductive materials are selectively added and removed to form horizontal layers of thin circuits, called traces, which are separated by insulating material. A finished multilayer PCB laminates together a
number of layers of circuitry. Vertical connections between layers are achieved by metallic plating through small holes, called vias. Vias are made by highly specialized drilling equipment capable of achieving extremely fine tolerances with high
accuracy.
Advanced Circuits assists its customers throughout the life-cycle of their products, from product conception
through volume production. Advanced Circuits works closely with customers throughout each phase of the PCB development process, beginning with the PCB design verification stage using its unique online FreeDFM.com tool, FreeDFM.com
TM
, which was launched in 2002, enables customers to receive a free
manufacturability assessment
16
report within minutes, resolving design problems that would prohibit manufacturability before the order process is completed and manufacturing begins. The combination of Advanced Circuits
user-friendly website and its design verification tool reduces the amount of human labor involved in the manufacture of each order as PCBs move from Advanced Circuits website directly to its computer numerical control, or CNC, machines for
production, saving Advanced Circuits and customers cost and time. As a result of its ability to rapidly and reliably respond to the critical customer requirements, Advanced Circuits generally receives a premium for their prototype and quick-turn
PCBs as compared to volume production PCBs.
Advanced Circuits manufactures all high margin prototypes and quick-turn orders internally but
often utilizes external partners to manufacture production orders that do not fit within its capabilities or capacity constraints at a given time. As a result, Advanced Circuits constantly adjusts the portion of volume production PCBs produced
internally to both maximize profitability and ensure that internal capacity is fully utilized.
The following table shows Advanced
Circuits gross revenue by products and services for the periods indicated:
Gross Sales by
Products and Services
(1)
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|
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|
Year Ended December 31,
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2012
|
|
|
2011
|
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|
2010
|
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|
Prototype Production
|
|
|
28.4
|
%
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|
|
29.3
|
%
|
|
|
28.9
|
%
|
Quick-Turn Production
|
|
|
31.9
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%
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|
33.6
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%
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|
|
32.6
|
%
|
Volume Production (including assembly)
|
|
|
38.1
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%
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|
|
35.5
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%
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|
|
36.1
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%
|
Third Party
|
|
|
1.6
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%
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|
1.6
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%
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|
2.4
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%
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Total
|
|
|
100.0
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%
|
|
|
100.0
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%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
As a percentage of gross sales, exclusive of sale discounts.
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Competitive Strengths
Advanced Circuits has established itself as a leading
provider of prototype and quick-turn PCBs in North America and focuses on satisfying customer demand for on-time delivery of high-quality PCBs. Advanced Circuits management believes the following factors differentiate it from many industry
competitors:
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Numerous Unique Orders Per Day
For the year ended December 31, 2012, Advanced Circuits received on average approximately 300
customer orders per day. Due to the large quantity of orders received, Advanced Circuits is able to combine multiple orders in a single panel design prior to production. Through this process, Advanced Circuits is able to reduce the number of costly,
labor intensive equipment set-ups required to complete several manufacturing orders. As labor represents the single largest cost of production, management believes this capability gives Advanced Circuits a unique advantage over other industry
participants. Advanced Circuits maintains proprietary software that maximizes the number of units placed on any one panel design. A single panel set-up typically accommodates 1 to 12 orders. Further, as a critical mass of like orders is
required to maximize the efficiency of this process, management believes Advanced Circuits is uniquely positioned as a low cost manufacturer of prototype and quick-turn PCBs.
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Diverse Customer Base
Advanced Circuits possesses a customer base with little industry or customer concentration exposure. During
fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, Advanced Circuits did business with over 11,000 customers and added over 170 new customers per month. For each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, no customer represented over 2% of net
sales.
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Highly Responsive Culture and Organization
A key strength of Advanced Circuits is its ability to quickly respond to customer orders
and complete the production process. In contrast to many competitors that require a day or more to offer price quotes on prototype or quick-turn production, Advanced Circuits offers its customers quotes within seconds and the ability to place or
track orders any time of day. In addition, Advanced Circuits production facility operates three shifts per day and is able to ship a customers product within 24 hours of receiving its order.
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17
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Proprietary FreeDFM.com Software
Advanced Circuits offers its customers unique design verification services through its online
FreeDFM.com tool. This tool, which was launched in 2002, enables customers to receive a free manufacturability assessment report, within minutes, resolving design problems before customers place their orders. The service is relied upon by many of
Advanced Circuits customers to reduce design errors and minimize production costs. Beyond improved customer service, FreeDFM.com has the added benefit of improving the efficiency of Advanced Circuits engineers, as many routine design
problems, which typically require an engineers time and attention to identify, are identified and sent back to customers automatically.
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Established Partner Network
Advanced Circuits has established third party production relationships with PCB manufacturers in North
America and Asia. Through these relationships, Advanced Circuits is able to offer its customers a complete suite of products including those outside of its core production capabilities. Additionally, these relationships allow Advanced Circuits to
outsource orders for volume production and focus internal capacity on higher margin, short lead time, production and quick-turn manufacturing.
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Business Strategies
Advanced Circuits management is focused on strategies to
increase market share and further improve operating efficiencies. The following is a discussion of these strategies:
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Increase Portion of Revenue from Prototype and Quick-Turn Production
Advanced Circuits management believes it can grow
revenues and cash flow by continuing to leverage its core prototype and quick-turn capabilities. Over its history, Advanced Circuits has developed a suite of capabilities that management believes allow it to offer a combination of price and customer
service unequaled in the market. Advanced Circuits intends to leverage this factor, as well as its core skill set, to increase net sales derived from higher margin prototype and quick-turn production PCBs. In this respect, marketing and advertising
efforts focus on attracting and acquiring customers that are likely to require these premium services. And while production composition may shift, growth in these products and services is not expected to come at the expense of declining sales in
volume production PCBs, as Advanced Circuits intends to leverage its extensive network of third-party manufacturing partners to continue to meet customers demand for these services.
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Acquire Customers from Local and Regional Competitors
Advanced Circuits management believes the majority of its competition
for prototype and quick-turn PCB orders comes from smaller scale local and regional PCB manufacturers. As an early mover in the prototype and quick-turn sector of the PCB market, Advanced Circuits has been able to grow faster and achieve greater
production efficiencies than many industry participants. Management believes Advanced Circuits can continue to use these advantages to gain market share. Further, Advanced Circuits continues to enter into prototype and quick-turn manufacturing
relationships with several subscale local and regional PCB manufacturers. Management believes that while many of these manufacturers maintain strong, longstanding customer relationships, they are unable to produce PCBs with short turn-around times
at competitive prices. As a result, Advanced Circuits sees an opportunity for growth by providing production support to these manufacturers or direct support to the customers of these manufacturers, whereby the manufacturers act more as a broker for
the relationship.
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Remain Committed to Customers and Employees
Advanced Circuits has remained focused on providing the highest quality products and
services to its customers. We believe this focus has allowed Advanced Circuits to achieve its outstanding delivery and quality record. Advanced Circuits management believes this reputation is a key competitive differentiator and is focused on
maintaining and building upon it. Similarly, management believes its committed base of employees is a key differentiating factor. Advanced Circuits currently has a profit sharing program and tri-annual bonuses for all of its employees. Management
also occasionally sets additional performance targets for individuals and departments and establishes rewards, such as lunch celebrations or paid vacations, if these goals are met. Management believes that Advanced Circuits emphasis on sharing
rewards and creating a positive work environment has led to increased loyalty. As a result, Advanced Circuits plans on continuing to focus on similar programs to maintain this competitive advantage.
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18
Research and Development
Advanced Circuits engages in continual research and development activities in the ordinary course of business to update or strengthen its order processing, production and delivery systems. By engaging in
these activities, Advanced Circuits expects to maintain and build upon the competitive strengths from which it benefits currently. Research and development expenses were not material in each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010.
Customers
Advanced
Circuits focus on customer service and product quality has resulted in a broad base of customers in a variety of end markets, including industrial, consumer, telecommunications, aerospace/defense, biotechnology and electronics manufacturing.
These customers range in size from large, blue-chip manufacturers to small, not-for-profit university engineering departments. The following table sets forth managements estimate of Advanced Circuits approximate customer breakdown by
industry sector for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010:
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Industry Sector
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2012
Customer
Distribution
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|
2011
Customer
Distribution
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2010
Customer
Distribution
|
|
Electrical Equipment and Components
|
|
|
28
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%
|
|
|
30
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%
|
|
|
29
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%
|
Measuring Instruments
|
|
|
8
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%
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|
|
8
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%
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|
|
10
|
%
|
Electronics Manufacturing Services
|
|
|
20
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%
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|
|
19
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%
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|
|
18
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%
|
Engineer Services
|
|
|
5
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%
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|
|
8
|
%
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
Industrial and Commercial Machinery
|
|
|
12
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%
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|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
6
|
%
|
Business Services
|
|
|
1
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%
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|
|
1
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%
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|
|
1
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%
|
Wholesale Trade-Durable Goods
|
|
|
1
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%
|
|
|
1
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%
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
Educational Institutions
|
|
|
10
|
%
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|
|
8
|
%
|
|
|
7
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%
|
Transportation Equipment
|
|
|
9
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%
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|
|
9
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%
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
All Other Sectors Combined
|
|
|
6
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%
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|
|
6
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%
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|
|
10
|
%
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
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|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Management estimates that over 90% of its orders are generated from existing customers. Moreover, approximately
two-thirds of Advanced Circuits orders in each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010 were delivered within five days (not including CEI orders.)
Sales and Marketing
Advanced Circuits has established a consumer
products marketing strategy to both acquire new customers and retain existing customers. Advanced Circuits uses initiatives such as direct mail postcards, web banners, aggressive pricing specials and proactive outbound customer call programs
as part of this strategy. Advanced Circuits spends approximately 1% of net sales each year on its marketing initiatives and advertising and has 57 employees dedicated to its marketing and sales efforts. These individuals are organized geographically
and each is responsible for a region of North America. The sales team takes a systematic approach to placing sales calls and receiving inquiries and, on average, will place over 250 outbound sales calls and receive approximately 140 inbound phone
inquiries per day. Beyond proactive customer acquisition initiatives, management believes a substantial portion of new customers are acquired through referrals from existing customers. In addition, other customers are acquired over the internet
where Advanced Circuits generates over 90% of its orders from its website.
Once a new client is acquired, Advanced Circuits offers an easy to
use customer-oriented website and proprietary online design and review tools to ensure high levels of retention. By maintaining contact with its customers to ensure satisfaction with each order, Advanced Circuits believes it has developed strong
customer loyalty, as demonstrated by over 90% of its orders being received from existing customers. Included in each customer order is an Advanced Circuits pre-paid bounce-back card on which a customer can evaluate Advanced
Circuits services and send back any comments or recommendations. Each of these cards is read by senior members of management, and Advanced Circuits adjusts its services to respond to the requests of its customer base.
19
Substantially all revenue is derived from sales within the United States.
Advanced Circuits, due to the volume of prototype and quick turn sales, had a negligible amount in firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and
2011.
Competition
There are currently an estimated 250 active domestic PCB manufacturers. Advanced Circuits competitors differ amongst its products and services.
Competitors in the prototype and quick-turn PCBs production industry include larger companies as well as small domestic manufacturers. The
two largest independent domestic prototype and quick-turn PCB manufacturers in North America are TTM Technologies, Inc. and Viasystems Group, Inc. Though each of these companies produces prototype PCBs to varying degrees, in many ways they are not
direct competitors with Advanced Circuits. In recent years, each of these firms has primarily focused on producing boards with greater complexity in response to the off shoring of low and medium layer count technology to Asia. Compared to Advanced
Circuits, prototype and quick-turn PCB production accounts for much smaller portions of each of these firms revenues. Further, these competitors often have much greater customer concentrations and a greater portion of sales through large
electronics manufacturing services intermediaries. Beyond large, public companies, Advanced Circuits competitors include numerous small, local and regional manufacturers, often with revenues under $20 million that have long-term customer
relationships and typically produce both prototype and quick-turn PCBs and production PCBs for small OEMs and EMS companies. The competitive factors in prototype and quick-turn production PCBs are response time, quality, error-free production and
customer service. Competitors in the long lead-time production PCBs generally include large companies, including Asian manufacturers, where price is the key competitive factor.
New market entrants into prototype and quick-turn production PCBs confront substantial barriers including significant investments in equipment, highly skilled workforce with extensive engineering
knowledge and compliance with environmental regulations. Beyond these tangible barriers, Advanced Circuits management believes that its network of customers, established over the last two decades, would be very difficult for a competitor to
replicate.
Suppliers
Advanced Circuits raw materials inventory is small relative to sales and must be regularly and rapidly replenished. Advanced Circuits uses a
just-in-time procurement practice to maintain raw materials inventory at low levels. Additionally, Advanced Circuits has established consignment relationships with several vendors allowing it to pay for raw materials as used. Because it provides
primarily lower-volume quick-turn services, this inventory policy does not hamper its ability to complete customer orders. Raw material costs constituted approximately 20%, 17.8% and 17.9% of net sales for each of the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The primary raw materials that are used in production are core materials, such as copper
clad layers of glass and chemical solutions, and copper and gold for plating operations, photographic film and carbide drill bits. Multiple suppliers and sources exist for all materials. Adequate amounts of all raw materials have been available in
the past, and Advanced Circuits management believes this will continue in the foreseeable future. Advanced Circuits works closely with its suppliers to incorporate technological advances in the raw materials they purchase. Advanced Circuits
does not believe that it has significant exposure to fluctuations in raw material prices. The fact that price is not the primary factor affecting the purchase decision of many of Advanced Circuits customers has allowed management to
historically pass along a portion of raw material price increases to its customers. Advanced Circuits does not knowingly purchase material originating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries.
Intellectual Property
Advanced Circuits seeks to protect certain proprietary technology by entering into confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with its employees, consultants and customers, as needed, and generally
limits access to and distribution of its proprietary information and processes. Advanced Circuits management does not believe that patents are critical to protecting Advanced Circuits core intellectual property, but, rather, its
effective and quick execution of fabrication techniques, its website
FreeDFM.com
TM
and its highly skilled workforce are the primary factors in maintaining its competitive position.
20
Advanced Circuits uses the following brand names:
FreeDFM.com
TM
,
4pcb.com
TM
,
4PCB.com
TM
,
33each.com
TM
,
barebonespcb.com
TM
and
Advanced Circuits
TM
. These trade names have strong brand equity and are material to
Advanced Circuits business.
Regulatory Environment
Advanced Circuits manufacturing operations and facilities are subject to evolving federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. These include laws
and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharge and the storage and handling of chemicals and hazardous substances. Management believes that Advanced Circuits is in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable environmental
and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. New requirements, more stringent application of existing requirements, or discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions may result in material environmental expenditures in the
future. Advanced Circuits has been recognized three times for exemplary environmental compliance as it was awarded the Denver Metro Wastewater Reclamation District Gold Award for the seven of the last ten years.
Employees
As of
December 31, 2012, Advanced Circuits employed 517 persons. Of these employees, there were 57 in sales and marketing. None of Advanced Circuits employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements. Advanced Circuits believes its
relationship with its employees is good.
American Furniture
Overview
American Furniture, headquartered in Ecru, Mississippi, is a manufacturer
of upholstered furniture sold to large-scale furniture distributors and retailers. American Furniture operates almost exclusively in the promotional upholstered segment of the furniture industry which is characterized by affordable prices, standard
designs and immediate availability to retail consumers. American Furniture was founded in 1998. American Furnitures products are adapted from established designs in the following categories: (i) stationary, (ii) motion,
(iii) recliner and (iv) other related products including accent tables and rugs. American Furnitures products are manufactured from common components and offer proven select fabric options, providing manufacturing efficiency and
resulting in limited design risk.
For the full fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, American Furniture had net sales of
approximately $91.5 million, $105.3 million and $136.9 million, respectively, and operating losses of $1.5 million, $35.2 million and $37.1 million, respectively. American Furniture had total assets of $32.3 million, $30.0 million and $78.4 million
at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Net sales from American Furniture represented 10.3%, 17.4% and 27.1% of our consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
History of American Furniture
American Furniture was founded in 1998 with an exclusive focus on promotional upholstered furniture, offering a unique value proposition combining
consistent high-quality, attractively priced products and 48-hour quick-ship service. AFM began operations with four assembly lines housed in a 60,000 sq. ft. facility. By 2002, American Furniture had achieved revenues in excess of $120 million and
grew operations into a 600,000 sq. ft. facility in Houlka, MS. In 2004, American Furniture was sold by its founder to a group of private investors who installed a new management structure and hired a new executive team and grew American
Furnitures administrative infrastructure in order to build a solid foundation to support future growth. In 2005, American Furniture aggressively pursued Asian sourcing for fabrics and other assorted materials. Today American Furniture is a
leading manufacturer of promotional upholstered furniture operating from an approximately 1.1 million sq. ft. manufacturing and warehouse facility.
21
For the year ended December 31, 2011 net sales at American Furniture declined $31.6 million, which
represents a 23% decline over 2010 sales. In addition, write downs to goodwill, other intangible assets and property, and equipment totaled $27.8 million and $38.8 million in the years 2011 and 2010, respectively. In all cases, the write downs were
triggered by a significant deterioration in American Furnitures operations and profitability caused by the unprecedented drop in the promotional furniture market and demand for its product. The combination of increased unemployment, together
with significant decreases in home purchases, availability of consumer credit and rising fuel costs has created the worst market for promotional furniture sales over the last two years than has been experienced over the last two decades.
During 2011, American Furniture implemented a revised standard costing system which required American Furniture to reclassify certain costs between cost
of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses. The change in format consists of reclassifying the trucking fleet expenses from selling, general and administrative expenses into cost of sales, as well as re-classifying certain
manufacturing related expenses included in rent, insurance, utilities and workers comp from selling, general and administrative costs to cost of sales. Management believes that the format of reporting cost of sales together with the revised standard
costing system and the revaluation of standard costs allows management to react timely to changes in supply costs, product demand and overall price structure going forward, which in turn eliminated the accumulation of lower margin product and allow
for more advantageous product procurement and the proper utilization of available assets. In addition, American Furniture enlisted the assistance of an outside consulting firm in 2011 to assist them in right-sizing its operations in order to operate
more efficiently and respond to the significantly changed promotional furniture marketplace. To that end, American Furniture has outsourced the majority of delivery and its trucking operations as well as sub-contracted its frame cutting process
during 2012.
We acquired a controlling interest in American Furniture on August 31, 2007.
Industry
AFM is a manufacturer
of upholstered furniture serving the promotional segment of the U.S. furniture industry. Overall conditions for the furniture industry have been difficult over the past two years. New housing starts are down significantly and consumers continue to
be faced with general economic uncertainty fueled by deteriorating consumer credit markets, rising fuel costs and lagging consumer confidence as a result of erratic financial markets. All of this has significantly impacted big ticket consumer
purchases such as furniture over the last several years.
AFM participates largely in the promotional upholstered furniture industry. Within
the U.S. residential retail furniture marketplace, products are typically positioned in the promotional, good, better, or best category. The scale of the categories is intended to reflect an increasing
level of quality, appearance and corresponding price. At the wholesale level, the promotional segment of the upholstered furniture industry we believe accounts for over $3 billion in sales. Promotional upholstered furniture manufacturers typically
offer a limited range of products in a discrete number of styles and/or designs, allowing immediate delivery to retail customers at well-established retail price points. Specifically, promotional upholstered furniture is generally priced by product
at the retail level from $199 for recliners and up to $1,500 for motion sectionals.
The popularity of promotional furniture is attributable
to (i) the segments consistent product quality (based on focused manufacturing on a few key furniture pieces), and (ii) its value pricing, which appeals to the broadest cross-section of the furniture consumers.
AFM competes exclusively in the promotional segment, selling upholstered furniture in both the stationary and motion categories. In the retail furniture
landscape, promotional furniture can be a growing catalyst of floor traffic and sales volumes for mass market furniture retailers. Recurring promotional programs have often become core to retailer strategies given its immediate availability to
customers and just-in-time strategies employed within the industry which limit retailer inventory requirements.
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Within the wholesale market, wholesale shipments from Asian suppliers, we believe, have grown steadily as a
percent of total wholesale shipments. Asian upholstered imports have grown significantly in the past ten years. We believe their impact on AFM has been far less than the industry as a whole within the promotional upholstered furniture, due to the
low price points and resulting shipping costs as a percent of a pieces total value.
Off-shore Imports
Furniture manufactured in Asia emerged as an important driver of the U.S. residential furniture market beginning in the mid-1990s. While off-shore
manufacturers, particularly Chinese and Vietnamese manufacturers, have affected the entire industry, the import trend, has impacted different segments of the industry at varying levels.
Case-goods and metal furniture have proven to be more susceptible to Asian competition than upholstered furniture, due to the stack ability and assembly characteristics, resulting in efficient freight
consolidation. Upholstered furniture cannot be broken down and shipped efficiently to the U.S. such that the resulting freight costs tend to outweigh the labor and material savings achieved through offshore manufacturing. As a result, domestic
upholstered manufacturers have largely managed to compete effectively against Asian competitors when compared to other segments of the furniture industry. In addition, manufacturers in the promotional segment of the upholstered industry are even
further insulated from offshore competition due not only to overall freight costs but also freight costs when compared to wholesale price of the product together with the prolonged lead-times to retailers and end customers in a market segment
characterized by very short lead-times and immediate delivery to the end consumer.
Retail price points in the promotional segment of the
upholstered industry range from $199 $1,500, whereas shipping costs from Asia on a per piece basis are generally in excess of $100 per piece ($3,000 $4,000) per standard 40 foot container not including domestic shipping and insurance
costs.
In addition to the increased cost, lead times also hinder Asian manufacturers ability to effectively compete in the promotional
upholstered industry. As mentioned previously, retailers use promotional furniture to drive store traffic and provide immediate delivery to the end-user of value-priced, quality upholstered furniture products. AFM aims to ship customer orders 48
hours following receipt of an order with delivery occurring 1 3 days later depending on the customers location within the U.S. Asian manufacturers typically require at least 50 days (or 7 8 weeks depending on business days) from
order receipt to customer delivery, resulting in a significant amount of increased inventory management and advertising planning in order to effectively source upholstered product from overseas manufacturers.
Products and Services
AFM
manufactures two basic categories of promotional upholstered products, stationary and motion. Stationary products include sofas, loveseats and sectionals, these products accounted for approximately 72%, 75% and 70% of sales in fiscal 2012, 2011 and
2010, respectively. Motion products include single rocking recliner chairs, sofas with reclining end seats, loveseats with seats that rock together or separately and reclining sectionals with storage compartments. Motion and reclining products
contributed approximately 27%, 23% and 25% of fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 gross sales, respectively. Beginning in 2005, AFM added a line of imported rugs and accent tables to its product mix to provide customers with complimentary accessory offering
to AFMs core furniture lines. For 2012, 2011 and 2010, accent tables and other miscellaneous revenue accounted for less than 2% of gross sales. AFMs core product offerings with average retail prices are summarized below:
25 styles of stationary sofas, loveseats and chairs $299 $499
10 styles of recliners $199 $399
5 styles of motion sofas $499 $599
6 styles of stationary sectionals Up to $799
1 style of motion sectional $999 $1,399
AFMs products utilize common
components and frames with limited fabric options, allowing AFM to reproduce established styles at value prices. Since its inception, AFM has continuously introduced new styles which typically replace older designs and are primarily slight
variations to existing products. AFM builds its products to stock and maintains adequate inventory levels to facilitate shipment to customers on time. AFMs quick-ship strategy allows customers to better manage inventory and product promotions,
yet maintain the ability to provide immediate availability to retail customers, a key attribute within the promotional furniture segment of the furniture industry.
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Product Development
AFM can re-engineer a new design, create a prototype and begin to solicit customer feedback within two weeks. AFM carefully controls its product line such that new styles typically replace older designs.
As a result, AFM requires up to 120 days to wind-down a discontinued line and beginning shipping truckload quantities of new designs to customers.
Manufacturing
AFM utilizes an assembly-line manufacturing process with a four day
production cycle divided into four functions, cutting, sewing, backfill and upholstery. Employees are specialized by function and are compensated on a piece-rate basis. The limited number of styles and designs minimizes scheduling and line changes
and each function is simplified by the use of common components. AFM uses one standard seat spring, one standard back spring and one standard cushion in each category of upholstery. AFMs piece-rate compensation plan and streamlined
manufacturing process combine to give AFM a low cost structure. Prior to 2009, American Furniture utilized pre-assembled cut and sewn fabric kits for approximately 20% of its upholstered furniture. These fabric kits replace the cutting and sewing
function in the manufacturing process. Over the several years AFM has increased the use of these fabric kits and as of December 31, 2012 virtually all of the upholstered furniture that it manufactures used the imported cut and sewn fabric kit.
The use of these fabric kits reduces the labor component related to the cutting and sewing process in-house. Theses fabric kits are imported from Asia. American Furniture also eliminated its in-house frame cutting operations in 2012 and currently
100% of the frames for upholstered furniture are cut by third party providers.
AFM currently delivers the majority of its products through
third-party freight service providers. Freight costs are generally paid by the customer, including fuel surcharges. AFM utilized third-party freight providers for approximately 80% of its customer shipments in 2011 and 2010 compared to approximately
50% or lower in prior years. We estimate that this saved approximately $1.0 million in 2010 and 2011 in overall freight costs when this strategy was first instituted. American Furniture eliminated its in-house trucking operations in 2012.
Competitive Strengths
We believe that AFM is among the lowest-cost domestic manufacturers of promotional upholstered furniture. AFM maintains a competitive cost basis through
an assembly-line production model and build-to-stock strategy. Specifically, AFM generates economies of scale through:
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Long runs of a limited number of standardized frames;
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The application of common components throughout the entire production line; and
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A standard offering of only two to four fabric options per frame.
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In addition, management has aligned AFMs high-volume manufacturing strategy with a piece-rate incentive structure for its direct labor force. This structure drives workforce productivity. The
incentive system also provides floor personnel with the opportunity to earn annual compensation at or above local standards, thereby facilitating AFMs recruiting and retention efforts.
AFMs efficient build-to-stock manufacturing operation facilitates AFMs strategy of offering its customers on time shipment of product. In turn, AFMs customers are able to offer
their retail customers quality, value-priced, upholstered furniture for immediate delivery upon the day of sale, while only maintaining limited quantities of product inventory.
AFM serves a diverse base of approximately 700 customers. Within its broader customer base, AFM specifically targets independent furniture retailers at the national, multi-regional and regional levels.
AFMs value proposition and the ability to ship most products within 48 hours, is highly valued by this segment of the marketplace that focuses broadly on demographic segments that demand immediate delivery of popular styles at competitive
prices.
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Barriers to Significant Asian Competition
The availability of low-cost Asian products has had a far-reaching impact on the broader home furnishings market in the United States over the past ten
years, contrasted to manufacturers serving other segments. Until recently, AFM has had minimal exposure to off-shore competition due to the following:
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AFMs efficient, low-cost production model;
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Mass retailers short lead-time demands and unwillingness to accept excess inventory risk; and
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High costs (e.g., freight, damage, shrink) of shipping upholstered furniture direct from Asia.
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Recently, we have begun to see more competition in the motion product category from imported Asian product. These products typically offer customers
better value in terms of construction and price when compared to our motion product. Our margin for motion product has typically been less than stationary.
Business Strategies
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Increase profit with new and existing customers
While AFM currently supplies many of the top furniture retailers, AFM believes it can
further augment its customer base and is pursuing new business opportunities with selected national and regional furniture retailers, as well as in other channels, including Rent-To-Own (RTO) and mass merchandisers. In addition, many
existing customers currently purchase only a portion of AFMs product line, representing an opportunity for AFM to increase sales to existing customers by augmenting customers entire promotional product line. In order to focus additional
attention to major customers and expand productline sell-through to these customers, AFM added significant infrastructure to its sales and marketing organization since 2005, increasing its sales representative network while also subdividing
sales territories to allow representatives to focus more closely on the expansion of existing relationships and the addition of new customers.
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Product development
AFMs merchandising strategy focuses on satisfying the changing needs of retailers and consumers in a
manner that meets AFMs production strategy. AFMs management and sales staff monitor the furniture market to identify new trends and popular styles at higher price points. AFM subsequently ensures that it can cost effectively replicate a
new style with standardized components and limited cover options, after which AFM will build a prototype to determine if the product can be reproduced at acceptable margin levels.
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Pursue cost savings initiatives
Aggressively pursue expense reduction in the manufacturing process and overhead areas, cost
cutting programs and cash preservation initiatives throughout all parts of its business.
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Reduce the number of SKUs
American Furniture manufactures a limited number of SKUs in three categories: stationary, recliners and motion.
The strategy has been to continually manage the number of groups or styles in each category so that the combined active style SKU count does not exceed 500.
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Revise kit purchasing
American Furniture, with the help of an outside consultant, has revised the manner in which it orders fabric kits
to provide a more efficient flow of kits and reduce the possibility of obsolescence. A process has been developed taking into account rate of sale, sales order rate, customer projections, current inventory levels, delivery lead times and safety
stock for each individual SKU. A review is completed no less than weekly by SKU and orders are placed accordingly. Managing this process ties kit acquisition more closely to actual production needs and either increases or decreases the quantity of
kits based on demand for the particular SKU.
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Monetize excess stock
During 2012, American Furniture aggressively moved to reduce excess levels of finished goods and raw materials.
This has been done through a series of product promotions that have been successful while not impairing the sales of the current product line. The company developed a new system to monitor each category on an ongoing basis to more quickly identify
potential slow-down in specific SKU activity. This process has been integrated with the kit purchasing procedure mentioned above.
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Customers
AFM serves a base of approximately 700 customers comprised of retailers and distributors at the regional, multi-regional and national levels. In 2012, 2011 and 2010, AFMs top 20 customers accounted
for approximately 67%, 66% and 67%, respectively, of AFMs total sales. In 2012 two customers (Value City and Big Lots) each accounted for approximately 12% of gross sales.
Sales and Marketing
AFM has a sales force consisting of independent, outside
representatives that exclusively sell AFMs products in an assigned geographic territory of up to six states. Sales representatives are compensated on a 100% commission basis. AFM maintains two permanent showrooms in High Point, NC and Tupelo,
MS, host cities for furniture industry trade shows (High Point in April and October and Tupelo in January and August).
American
Furnitures business is seasonal. Net sales have historically been higher in the period of January through April of each fiscal year. We believe this seasonality is due in part to consumer demand increasing resulting from income tax refunds.
Substantially all revenue is derived from sales within the United States.
Marketing at the retail level is typically handled by AFMs
customers. AFM does not advertise specific products on its own, but provides product information and pictures for retailers to include in newspaper and various insert advertisements. AFMs products are typically included in retailers
recurring promotional programs as the products drive floor traffic and sales volume due to low price points.
American Furniture had
approximately $5.4 million and $8.4 million in firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Competition
AFM competes with selected large national manufacturers that produce and sell promotional products. However, promotional upholstered
furniture often represents only a small percentage of revenue for these participants. Also, large diversified manufacturers tend not to place specific emphasis on developing quick-ship capabilities specifically for their promotional offerings.
Therefore, AFM competes primarily with several smaller manufacturers that are typically thinly-capitalized, family owned businesses that we believe do not have the capacity, manufacturing capabilities, sourcing expertise or access to capital in
order to build critical production volumes. Competition within the segment is largely based on value and delivery lead times, as opposed to product differentiation, providing AFM and its quick-ship capabilities with a key competitive advantage
within the industry. AFMs primary competitors include United Furniture Industries, Albany Industries and Hughes Furniture, Ashley Furniture and Affordable Furniture.
Suppliers
AFMs top supplier, Independent Furniture Supply
(Independent), was 50% owned by Mr. Thomas, AFMs former CEO. Mr. Thomas divested his interests in Independent in November 2012. AFM does not have long-term supply contracts with Independent or any other supplier. A
majority of AFMs domestic suppliers are located near AFM due to a concentration of furniture manufacturers in northeastern Mississippi. Several of AFMs key raw materials, including lumber, plywood and polyfoam, are sourced locally with
alternative suppliers available at competitive prices, if necessary. In order to continually manage material costs, AFM actively sources products from Asia. AFM imports legs, show wood, accent tables and the majority of its fabric from China-based
suppliers. The prices charged by manufacturers of products such as petro-chemicals and wire rod, which are the primary materials purchased by our suppliers of foam and drawn wire effect the ongoing cost of our raw materials. Raw material cost as a
percentage of sales was approximately 67%, 69% and 62% in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Regulatory Environment
AFMs manufacturing operations, facilities and operations are subject to evolving federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and
safety laws and regulations. Such laws and regulations govern air
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emissions, wastewater discharge and the storage and handling of chemicals and hazardous substances. AFM believes that it is in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable environmental
and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. New requirements, more stringent application of existing requirements, or discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions could result in material environmental expenditures in the
future.
Employees
As
of December 31, 2012, American Furniture employed 484 persons. Of these employees, 425 were in production, shipping and purchasing with the remainder serving in executive, administrative office and other capacities. None of AFMs employees
are subject to collective bargaining agreements. We believe that AFMs relationship with its employees is good.
Arnold
Overview
Founded
in 1895 and now headquartered in Rochester, New York, Arnold Magnetic Technologies Corporation is a manufacturer of engineered, application specific magnet solutions. Arnold manufactures a wide range of permanent magnets and precision
magnetic assemblies with facilities in the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and China. Arnold has hundreds of customers in its primary markets including aerospace and defense, consumer, industrial, medical, automotive as well
as oil and gas exploration. Arnold is the largest and, we believe, most technically advanced U.S. manufacturer of engineered magnets. Arnold is one of two domestic producers to design, engineer and manufacture rare earth magnetic solutions.
Arnold serves customers and generates revenues via three business units:
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PMAG Permanent Magnet and Assemblies Group- High performance magnets and assemblies for precision motors/generators, Hall Effect sensor and beam
focusing applications. PMAG also manufactures assemblies for the reprographic industry used in printing and copying systems.
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Rolled Products Ultra thin gauge metal strip and foil products utilizing magnetic and non-magnetic alloys
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Flexmag Flexible bonded magnets for specialty advertising, industrial and medical applications.
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Arnold operates a 70,000 sq. ft. manufacturing assembly and distribution facility in Rochester, New York with nine additional facilities worldwide in
countries including the UK, Switzerland and China. The Company employs a total of approximately 750 people.
For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012, (from date of acquisition), Arnold had net sales of approximately $104.2 million and an operating loss of $0.5 million. Arnold had total assets of $155.9 million at December 31, 2012. Net sales from Arnold (from
acquisition date to December 31, 2012) represented 11.8% of our consolidated net sales.
History of Arnold
Arnold was founded in 1895 as the Arnold Electric Power Station Company. Arnold began producing AlNiCo permanent magnets in its Marengo, Illinois facility
in the mid-1930s. In 1946, Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation (Allegheny) purchased Arnold, and over the next few years began production of several additional magnetic product lines under license agreement with the Western Electric Company. In 1970,
Arnold acquired Ogallala Electronics, which manufactured high power coils and electromagnets.
SPS Technologies (SPS), at the time a publicly
traded company, purchased Arnold Engineering Company from Allegheny in 1986. Under SPS, Arnold made a series of acquisitions and partnerships to expand its portfolio and geographic reach. At the end of 2003, Precision Castparts, also a publicly
traded company acquired SPS. In January 2005, Audax, a Boston-based private equity firm acquired Arnold from Precision Castparts.
In February
2007, Arnold Magnetic Technologies completed the acquisition of Precision Magnetics with operations in Sheffield, England; Lupfig, Switzerland; and Wayne, New Jersey. The Wayne, New Jersey facility was relocated
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to Rochester, NY later that year. In addition, Arnolds Lupfig, Switzerland operation is a joint venture partner with a Chinese rare earth producer. The joint venture manufactures
RECOMA
®
Samarium Cobalt blocks for the Asian market.
Industry
Permanent Magnets
There exists a broad range of permanent magnets which include Rare Earth Magnets and magnets made from specialty magnetic alloys. Magnets produced from
these materials may be sliced, ground, coated and magnetized to customer requirements. Those industry players with the broadest portfolio of these magnets, such as Arnold, maintain a significant competitive advantage over competitors as they are
able to offer one-stop shop capabilities to customers.
Rare Earth Magnets
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Samarium Cobalt (SmCo)
SmCo magnets are typically used in critical applications that require corrosion resistance or high
temperature stability, such as motors, generators, actuators and sensors. Arnold markets its SmCo magnets under the trade name of RECOMA
®
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Neodymium (Neo)
Neo magnets offer the highest magnetic energy level of any material in the market. Applications include motors and
generators, VCMs, magnetic resonance imaging, sensors and loudspeakers.
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Other Permanent Magnet Types
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AlNiCo
The AlNiCo family of magnets remains a preferred material for many mission critical applications. Its favorable linear
temperature characteristics, high magnetic flux density and good corrosion resistance are ideally suited for use in applications requiring magnetic stability.
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Hard Ferrite
Hard ferrite (ceramic) magnets were developed as a low cost alternative to metallic magnets (steel and AlNiCo).
Although they exhibit lower energy when compared to other materials available today and are relatively brittle, ferrite magnets have gained acceptance due to their low price per magnetic output.
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Injection Molded
Injection molded magnets are a composite of various types of resin and magnetic powders. The physical and
magnetic properties of the product depend on the raw materials, but are generally lower in magnetic strength and resemble plastics in their physical properties. However, a major benefit of the injection molding process is that magnet material can be
injection or over-molded, eliminating subsequent manufacturing steps.
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Magnetic Assemblies
Arnold offers
complex, customized value added magnetic assemblies. These assemblies are used in devices such as motors, generators, beam focusing arrays, sensors, and solenoid actuators. Magnetic assembly production capabilities include magnet fabrication,
machining, encapsulation or sleeving, balancing, and field mapping.
Precision Strip and Foil
Precision rolled thin metal foil products are manufactured from a wide range of materials for use in applications such as transformers, motor laminations,
honeycomb structures, shielding, and composite structures. These products are commonly found in security tags, medical implants, aerospace structures, batteries and speaker domes. Arnold has the expertise and capability to roll, anneal, slit and
coat a wide range of materials to extremely thin gauges (2.5 microns) and exacting tolerances.
Flexible Magnets
Flexible magnet products span the range of applications from advertising (refrigerator magnets) to medical applications (surgical drapes) to sealing and
holding applications (door gaskets).
Products and Services
PMAG
Arnolds Precision Magnets and Assemblies (PMAG) segment is
a leading global manufacturer of precision magnetic assemblies and high-performance magnets. The segments products include tight tolerance assemblies consisting of many dozens of components and employing RECOMA
®
SmCo, Neo, and AlNiCo magnets. These products are sold to a wide range of industries including aerospace and
defense, alternative energy (hybrids/wind), automotive, medical, oil and gas, and general industrial.
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PMAG is Arnolds largest business unit representing approximately70% of Arnold sales on an annualized
basis (including Reprographics) with a global footprint including manufacturing facilities in the U.S., U.K., Switzerland, and China.
PMAG
Products and Applications:
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High precision magnetic rotors for use in electric motors and generators. Typically used in demanding applications such as aerospace, oil and gas
exploration, energy recovery systems and under the hood automotive
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Beam focusing assemblies such as traveling wave tubes
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Oil & Gas NMR tools as well as pipeline inspection and down hole power generation
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Hall affect sensor systems
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Arnolds reprographics unit, which is part of the PMAG segment, produces systems and components for copier systems. The business units
state-of-the-art, high-volume precision magnetic assembly facility produces over 150,000 assemblies per year. The reprographics unit utilizes components produced by the Flexmag segment.
Reprographics products and applications:
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Complex, multi-component, high-accuracy copier assemblies
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Toner and fuser assemblies
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Rolled products
Arnolds rolled
products segment manufactures precision thin strip and foil products from an array of materials and represents approximately 10% of Arnold sales on an annualized basis. The rolled products segment serve the aerospace & defense, power
transmission, alternative energy (hybrids, wind, battery, solar), medical, security, and general industrial end-markets. With top-of-the-line equipment ( Sendzimir mills ) and superior engineering, rolled products has developed unique processing
capabilities that allow it to produce foils and strip with precision and quality that are unmatched in the industry (down to 1/10th thickness of a human hair). In addition, the segments facility is capable of increasing production from current
levels with its existing equipment and is, we believe, well-positioned to realize future growth with little incremental investment required.
Rolled products Products and Applications:
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Electrical steels for hybrid propulsion systems, electric motors, and micro turbines
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Security and product ID tags
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Honeycomb structures for aerospace applications
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Military countermeasures
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Flexmag
Arnold is one of two North
American manufacturers of flexible rubber magnets for specialty advertising, medical, and reprographic applications. Flexmag represents approximately 20% of Arnold sales on an annualized basis. It primarily sells its products to specialty
advertisers and original equipment manufacturers. With highly automated manufacturing processes, Flexmag can accommodate customers required short lead times. Flexmag benefits from a loyal customer base and significant barriers to entry in the
industry. Flexmags success is driven by superior customer service, and proprietary formulations offering enhanced product performance.
Flexmag products and applications:
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Extruded and calendared flexible rubber magnets with optional laminated printable substrates
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Signage for various advertising and promotions
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Competitive Strengths
Competitive Landscape
The specialty magnets industry is highly fragmented, creating a
competitive landscape with a variety of magnetic component manufacturers. However, few have the breadth of capabilities that Arnold possesses. Manufacturers compete on the basis of technical innovation, co-development capabilities, time-to-market,
quality, geographic reach and total cost of ownership. Industry competitors relevant to Arnolds served markets range from large multinational manufacturers to small, regional participants. Given these dynamics, we believe the industry will
likely favor players that are able to achieve vertical integration and a diversification of offerings across a breadth of products along with magnet engineering and design expertise.
Barriers to Entry
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Low Substitution Risk
Arnolds solutions are typically specified into its customers program designs through a
co-development and qualification process that often takes 6-18 months. Arnolds customers are typically contractors and component manufacturers whose products are integrated into end-customers applications. The high cost of failure,
relatively low proportionate cost of magnets to the final product, sometimes lengthy testing and qualification process, and substantial upfront co-engineering investment required, represent significant barriers to customers changing solution
providers such as Arnold.
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Equipment and Processing
Arnolds existing base of production equipment has a significant estimated replacement cost.
A new entrant could require as much as 2-3 years of lead time to match the process performance requirements, customization of equipment and material formulations necessary to effectively compete in the specialty magnet industry. Further, given the
program nature of a majority Arnolds sales, management estimates that it could take 5-10 years to build a sufficient book of business and base of institutional knowledge to generate positive cash flow out of a new manufacturing plant.
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Competition
Management believes the following companies represent Arnolds top competitors:
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Vacuumschmelze Gruner, Germany-based
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Business Strategies
Engineering and Product Development
Arnolds engineers work closely with the customer to co-develop a product or process to provide system solutions, representing a significant
competitive advantage. The Companys engineering expertise is leveraged by the state-of-the-art Technology Center working together with the various business units located in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. This cooperative engineering
effort allows Arnold to support customers and projects on a global basis. Arnolds engineers work with customers on a global basis to optimize designs, guide material choices, and create magnetic models resulting in Arnolds products being
specified into customer designs.
Arnold has a talented and experienced engineering staff of design and application experts, quality personnel
and technicians. Included in this team are engineers with backgrounds in materials science, physics, and metallurgical engineering. Other members of the team bring backgrounds in ceramics, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and electrical
engineering.
Arnold continues to be an industry leader with regard to new product formulations and innovations. As evidence of this, the
Company currently relies on a deep portfolio of trade secrets and internal intellectual property. Arnold continuously endeavors to introduce magnet solutions that exceed the performance of current offerings and meet customer design
specifications.
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Growth in Arnolds business is primarily focused in three areas:
(i) Growing market share in existing end-markets and geographies
(ii) Developing new products and technologies
(iii) Completing opportunistic acquisitions
Existing End-Markets and Geographies
Oil & Gas
Arnold currently provides magnets and precision assemblies for use in oil and gas exploration and production, applications which typically require
exceptional collaboration and co-development with its customers. The Company supplies products used in applications such as a new oil well shutoff valve, a new down-hole logging while drilling tool, and a down-hole magnetic transfer coupling. Other
applications for which the Company is actively involved include pipeline inspection, wireless tomography tools, and chip collection.
Power
Transmission
The Companys Rolled Products segment supplies grain-oriented silicon steel produced with proprietary methods for use in
transformers and inductors. These cores allow for the production of very efficient transformers and inductors while minimizing size. In addition, the Companys magnet solutions can be found in advanced automatic circuit re-closer solutions that
substantially reduce the stress on system components on the grid. Arnolds solutions are also present in new power storage systems. The permanent magnet bearings used in new designs improve the efficiency of the flywheel energy storage system.
Automotive
In the
automotive sector, the Company is selling magnets and magnetic assemblies primarily to Tier 1 and 2 companies. It is estimate that the current automobile contains over 50 magnetic systems, and this number is expected to grow due to vehicle
electrification initiatives in order to meet increasing fuel efficiency standards. Typical applications include magnets for Hall Effect sensors that are used in braking, passenger restraint, and steering and engine control systems. Emerging magnetic
applications include electric traction drives, regenerative braking systems, starter generators, and electric turbo charging. The auto industry continues to adopt increasingly sophisticated technology to reduce vehicle weight and improve fuel
efficiency. As much of this technology utilizes magnetic systems, the Company expects to benefit from this trend.
Aerospace and Defense
In the aerospace and defense sector, the Company is selling magnets, magnetic assemblies and ultra-thin foil solutions. Specifically, in
the aerospace industry, Arnolds assemblies have been designed into products, which enables the Company to benefit from the market growth and a healthy flow of business based on current airframe orders. Through its OEM customers, essentially
all new commercial aircraft placed in service contain assemblies produced by Arnold. Arnolds sales to large aerospace and defense manufactures includes magnetic assemblies used in applications such as motors and generators, actuators, trigger
mechanisms, and guidance systems, as well as magnets for these and other uses. In addition it sells its ultra-thin foil for use in military countermeasures, honeycomb structures, brazing alloys, and motor laminations.
General Industrial
Within the
industrial sector Arnold provides magnet assemblies as well as magnets for custom made motor systems. These include stepper motors, pick and place robotic systems, and new designs that are increasingly being required by regulation to meet energy
efficiency standards. An example is a motor utilizing Arnolds bonded magnets for use in commercial refrigeration systems. Arnold also produces magnetic couplings for seal-less pumps used in chemical and oil & gas applications that
allow chemical companies to meet environmental requirements.
Medical
Within the medical sector, Arnold provides magnetic assemblies, magnets, flexible magnets, and ultrathin foils. Its magnet assemblies and magnets are critical parts of motor systems for dental instruments
as well as saws and grinders. Magnet assemblies are also provided for skin expansion systems, shunt valves, and position sensors. In addition, its Rolled Products business unit is providing a specialty alloy for advanced breast cancer treatment.
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New Products & Technologies
Flexcoat EZ (Flexmag)
Flexcoat EZ is a patent pending technology
launched in April 2010. The product was engineered to eliminate the issues associated with the conventional flexible magnetic product laminated with a printable surface. The solution is a printable coating that is applied to the magnet, which
replaces substrates such as vinyl and paper that are currently adhered to the base magnet material. This results in a printed magnet that is now completely recyclable and is easier to process.
Research and Development
Arnold
has a core research and development team, which has collectively over 30 years of combined industry experience. In addition to the core engineering group, a large number of other Arnold staff members assigned to the business units contribute to the
research and development effort at various stages. Product development also includes collaborating with customers and field testing. This feedback helps ensure products will meet the companys demanding standards of excellence as well as the
constantly changing needs of end users. Arnolds research and development activities are supported by state-of-the-art engineering software design tools, integrated manufacturing facilities and a performance testing center equipped to ensure
product safety, durability and superior performance.
Customers
Arnolds focus on customer service and product quality has resulted in a broad base of customers in a variety of end markets. Products are used in applications such as general industrial,
reprographic systems, aerospace & defense, advertising and promotion, consumer and appliance, energy, automotive and medical.
The
following table sets forth managements estimate of Arnolds approximate customer breakdown by industry sector for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industry Sector
|
|
2012
Customer
Distribution
|
|
|
2011
Customer
Distribution
|
|
General industrial
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
|
25
|
%
|
Aerospace and defense
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
Advertising and promotion
|
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
|
14
|
%
|
Consumer and appliance
|
|
|
5
|
%
|
|
|
5
|
%
|
Energy
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
|
5
|
%
|
Automotive
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
Medical
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
Reprographic
|
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
|
26
|
%
|
All Other Sectors Combined
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arnold has a large and diverse, blue-chip customer base. With the exception of Xerox, no other customer represents
greater that 10% of the companys annual revenue. Sales to Arnolds top ten customers were 31%, 35% and 38% of total sales for the date of acquisition through December 31, 2012 and the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively.
Sales and Marketing
PMAG
Arnolds PMAG segment supports a global team of direct sales and marketing professionals and critical design and application engineers. The PMAG sales force is organized for
regional coverage with a focus on sales in U.S., Europe, and South East Asia. Arnold serves over 500 active customers globally. As the majority of revenues are project based in the PMAG business unit, technical sales are critical to the
segments success. Arnolds highly-qualified
32
application engineers are often integrated into its customers product design, planning, and
implementation phases, offering the most cost effective solution for demanding clients. The resulting intimate customer relationships yield a high close rate, with revenue achieved primarily after the prototype phase.
Rolled Products
Similar to the Companys PMAG segment, the vast majority of Rolled Products sales are technically driven
engineered solutions. These teams communicate closely in order to take advantage of potential cross-selling opportunities. Approximately 75% of sales are domestic, with the balance of sales to Western Europe.
Flexmag Products
The Flexmag business segment services over 300 customers globally. Its sales force is comprised of seven total sales
professionals and supported by seven design and application engineers. This segment is primarily book/bill and has limited revenue subject to long-term purchase commitments.
The following table sets forth Arnolds net sales by geographic location for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geographic location
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
|
|
North America
|
|
|
56
|
%
|
|
|
55
|
%
|
Europe
|
|
|
34
|
%
|
|
|
35
|
%
|
Asia Pacific
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
All Other Locations Combined
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arnold had firm backlog orders totaling $35 million at December 31, 2012.
Suppliers
Raw materials utilized
by the Company include nickel and cobalt, stainless steel shafts, Inconel sleeves, adhesives, laminates, aluminum extrusions and binders. Although the Company considers its relationships with vendors to be strong, Arnolds management team also
maintains a variety of alternative sources of comparable quality, quantity and price. The management team therefore believes that it is not dependent upon any single vendor to meet its sourcing needs. Arnold is generally able to pass through
material costs to its customers and believes that in the event of significant price increases by vendors that it could pass the increases to its customers.
Intellectual Property
The Company currently relies on a deep portfolio of
trade secrets and internal intellectual property.
Patents
Arnold currently has thirteen patents and one in process; over half of the patents were granted in the U.S. with the remaining patents granted in European countries such as Germany, Great Britain, France
and the Netherlands. Ten of the patents are related to methods of making magnetic strips. In 2004, the company was granted a patent related to a thermally-stable, high-temperature, SmCo molding compound. The most recent pending patents are related
to the methods of production involving flexible magnets having a printable surface as well as shaped field magnets
Trademarks
Arnold currently has 86 trademarks, 12 of which are in the U.S. The most notable trademarked items are the following: RECOMA,
PLASTIFORM, FLEXMAG & ARNOLD. Application dates for various trademarks date back to as early as 1961.
33
Regulatory Environment
Arnolds domestic manufacturing and assembly operations and its facilities are subject to evolving Federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations.
These include laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharge and the storage and handling of chemicals and hazardous substances. Arnolds foreign manufacturing and assembly operations are also subject to local environmental
and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. Management believes that Arnold is in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. New requirements, more
stringent application of existing requirements, or discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions could result in material environmental expenditures in the future.
Arnold is a major producer of both Samarium Cobalt permanent magnets under its brand name RECOMA
®
and Alnico (in both cast and sintered forms). Both materials from Arnold meet the current Berry Amendment or Defense
Acquisition Regulations Systems (DFARS) requirements per clauses 252.225.7014 252.225.7014 further described under 10 U.S.C. 2533b. This provision covers the protection of strategic materials critical to national security. These magnet types
are considered specialty metals under these regulations.
Employees
Arnold is led by a capable management team of industry veterans that possess a balanced combination of industry experience and operational expertise. The
current senior management team has approximately 100 years of cumulative experience with an average tenure of approximately 16 years at Arnold. Current management has implemented numerous operational, strategic, and financial initiatives over the
past several years, including almost 100 unique lean initiatives and kaizen events.
Arnold employs approximately 750 hourly and salaried
employees located throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Arnolds employees are compensated at levels commensurate with industry standards, based on their respective position and job grade.
The Companys workforce is non-union except for approximately 70 hourly employees at its Marengo, Illinois facilities, which are represented by the
International Association of Machinists (IAM). Arnold enjoys good labor relations with its employees and union and has a three year contract in place with the IAM, which will expire in June of 2013.
CamelBak
Overview
CamelBak, headquartered in Petaluma, California, is a diversified hydration and personal protection platform, offering Products for
outdoor, recreation and military applications. CamelBak offers a broad range of recreational / military hydration packs, reusable water bottles, specialized military gloves and performance accessories. As the leading supplier of hydration products
to specialty outdoor, cycling and military retailers, CamelBak maintains the #1 market share position in domestic recreational markets (80%-85%), per management estimates, for hands-free hydration packs and the #1 market share position for
reusable water bottles in specialty channels (30%) per management estimates. CamelBak is also the hydration pack of choice for the warfighter, with an estimated 85% market share in post-issue hydration packs. Over its more than 20-year history,
CamelBak has developed a reputation as the preferred supplier for the hydration needs of the most demanding athletes and warfighters. Across its markets, CamelBak is respected for its innovation, leadership and authenticity.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, CamelBak contributed net sales of approximately $157.6 million and $42.7 million,
respectively, and operating income of $25.5 million in 2012 and an operating loss of $6.8 million in 2011. CamelBak had total assets of $259.1 million and $262.0 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Net sales from CamelBak
represented 17.8% of our consolidated net sales in the year ended December 31, 2012 and 7.0% of our consolidated net sales in 2011 (from acquisition date).
History of CamelBak
Founded in 1989 and headquartered in Petaluma, California, the
company initially gained a following among mountain bikers in the early 1990s through its first product, the ThermoBak. As the company grew among this base of users, its products continued to gain acceptance within other arenas where
participants needed easy access to water to achieve optimal performance in their activity.
34
The hands-free feature of CamelBaks products proved to be appealing to outdoor sports enthusiasts and
critical to others, including the U.S. Military. After successfully developing the hands-free hydration category, the company in 2006, recruited new management, including industry veteran and Board member Sally McCoy in the role of CEO, and acquired
Southwest Motorsports (since rebranded CamelBak Gloves). With a strong market presence in hydration packs, the management team focused on continued expansion into adjacent markets and developing and executing on a consistent strategy of innovation.
Since this time, CamelBak has steadily grown sales and earnings and has enhanced its relationships with suppliers to strengthen its supply chain, reengineered its product distribution capabilities and tightly controlled operating expenses to match
the needs of the business.
In 2006, CamelBak expanded its recreational business into the fast growing bottle category. The companys
initial launch of the innovative Better Bottle was followed by numerous successful bottle product introductions for everyday users, road cyclists, kids and recreational enthusiasts, including eddy and the podium collection . CamelBak was
first to market with an entirely BPA-free plastic bottle product line.
We purchased a majority interest in CamelBak on August 24, 2011.
Industry
Recreation Market
With over 100 million participants, the outdoor recreational activity market represents a large, attractive
and stable group of consumers. CamelBaks legacy products have historically been focused on a subset of this group, consisting of cyclists, mountain bikers and other passionate outdoor enthusiasts who tend to be loyal and consistent buyers of
premium and performance-enhancing offerings. CamelBaks core customers are typically outdoor enthusiasts who exhibit very high participation rates and frequent purchasing behavior. In addition to CamelBaks legacy consumer group, the
company has increasingly used its brand authenticity, credibility and broadening product portfolio to reach athletes in adjacent sporting activities.
Long-term growth in the hydration and personal protection industry is driven by a number of factors. Consumer recognition of personal hydrations importance to health and well-being has been a
growing and enduring trend, reflected by the proliferation of bottled water and functional beverages. The importance of water as a healthy choice has become even more prominent as a key component to healthy living. Further, people are increasingly
aware of the effects of even minimal dehydration on multiple functions of the body, including brain function, digestion, metabolism and skin health. CamelBaks products have proven their ability to provide greater hydration. An independent
study conducted by Pepperdine University found that people utilizing CamelBaks Bite Valve technology consume 24% more than those using single serving disposable bottled water or less innovative products. In addition, recently there has
been a reduction in disposable bottled water consumption in the U.S., primarily as a result of price and the wide-spread awareness of the negative environmental impact of disposable water bottles. According to the Beverage Marketing Corporation, the
economy was the primary cause of the decrease in U.S. disposable bottled water sales in 2008 and 2009. With respect to the environment, the disposable water bottles environmentally harmful lifecycle is generating significant backlash. The
reliance on oil in the production and transportation of the bottles and the fact that over two-thirds of bottles are not recycled is driving consumers to seek alternatives to disposable bottles. Further, there are a number of government mandates
forcing the elimination of disposable bottles. Nationwide, local governments are enacting these curbs to combat the cost and waste of disposable bottles. In recent years, governments of all levels have received scrutiny for fiscal irresponsibility
and a number of municipalities have launched initiatives focused on curbing disposable water bottles in their communities. In 2006, a San Francisco investigation revealed that the city spent over $500,000 per year on bottled water. This revelation
triggered a nationwide analysis of government spending on bottled water with public funds.
U.S. Government & Military
Market
The military acquisition process has responded to the demands of modern warfare which require forces to be more agile and flexible than ever before. This trend has been highlighted by the increased use of multiple funding and
procurement mechanisms such as Rapid Fielding Initiatives (RFI) and Joint Urgent Operational Needs Statement (JUONS). These programs provide funding for mission critical operational needs such as IED detection and defeat and
lifesaving warfighter equipment purchases without the normal bid and proposal process that can take months and even years to get equipment in the hands of the end user.
35
In addition to responsive procurement contracts such as the RFI, the military has continued a gradual
decentralization of purchasing which allows decision makers closer to the front line to select what specific items need to be acquired for a unit. Unit and individual equipment purchases are made primarily through U.S. Government Services
Administration (GSA) contracts or at military exchange and supply locations. Warfighters and their families frequently purchase supplemental gear that is superior to standard issue products. CamelBak is well positioned to benefit from
continued decentralized purchasing.
The U.S. defense budget has increased dramatically in the last decade in response to terrorism attacks at
home and increased state and non-state threats abroad. Since 1998, Department of Defense (DoD) spending has increased over 90% primarily as a result of the two major wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The 2012 DoD budget requested $531
billion in base spending with an additional $115 billion in overseas contingency operations (OCO) spending. By way of comparison, 2011s budget was $687 billion, with a $528 billion base budget and the remaining $159 billion used
for OCO. The reduced request for OCO is the direct result of reductions in troop deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Recently, the DoD
released its 2013 budget request which calls for a decrease in base budget spending to $525.4 billion, with an additional $88.5 billion dedicated to OCO. The budget estimates released, forecast a negative 0.3% real growth rate for the base budget
from 2013 2017.
Products and Services
CamelBak focuses on offering high quality, industry leading hydration and performance equipment. The companys products fall into four key categories:
Hydration Packs
CamelBaks heritage and legacy is in hydration packs and the company maintains the broadest and deepest line of
packs in the industry. CamelBaks core hydration product consists primarily of an easily cleaned and filled polyurethane reservoir, a connecting tube and a self-sealing mouthpiece, or bite-valve, which facilitates simple and
intuitive drinking. The CamelBak hydration system allows users to conveniently carry one to three liters of water, which can be easily accessed without interruption of the users task or activity. The system is most often sold as an integrated
backpack or waist-pack, which is uniquely designed for a specific use, such as biking, running or military applications. Hydration packs represented 50% and 44% of CamelBaks gross sales in the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and
2011, respectively.
Recreation Packs
Having created the hands-free hydration category, CamelBak continues to be the dominant market leader in the recreational sector since its inception. After starting with a mountain biking product,
CamelBak developed a host of other types of biking hydration packs that are designed to match specific types of biking. The company sells classic cycling packs that are lightweight and streamlined. CamelBak also sells larger more durable packs
designed for long off-road rides and a Downhill/Freeride line designed for specific types of mountain biking activities. By starting with a focused line and expanding it to cover many different types of biking activities, CamelBak has created the
deepest, broadest line of hydration packs in the industry.
As CamelBak extended its packs to cover different biking niches, top athletes from
other outdoor sports began to clamor for product. To meet this demand, the company has created lines that cater to the diverse set of outdoor athletes:
|
|
|
Hike / Alpine consists of lightweight packs with extra back panel padding and air flow for breathability
|
|
|
|
Ski / Snowboard has attachments for helmets, boards and shovels
|
|
|
|
Multi-sport are ultra-light and include wearable hydration units for use in almost any athletic activity
|
|
|
|
Run includes hip packs designed to hold as many as four water bottles in a remarkably stable set up
|
These customized solutions have all been developed with an eye towards enhancing the performance of each activitys respective athletes. That
customization is part of the innovative difference that allows CamelBak to differentiate itself in a competitive market.
36
Military Packs
CamelBak sells a wide selection of category leading military packs. Management estimates the company has in excess of 85% market share in post-issue military hydration packs. It is also one of only a few
brands sold to U.S. Military personnel that is allowed to prominently display the brand name on the outside of the product. The packs include features such as easy armor integration and extreme durability appropriate for use in the harshest
conditions.
Bottles
In 2006, CamelBak parlayed its credibility in hands-free hydration and expanded into bottles. The
company introduced the Better Bottle, subsequently replaced by eddy, incorporated a number of features that quickly established it as a best-in-class hydration solution. These features include: (i) the patented spill-proof Bite
Valve, (ii) the first insulated stainless steel water bottle and (iii) in 2008, the first all BPA-free line of plastic water bottles.
The success of the Better Bottle led the company to design a complete line of bottles that would mirror the pack lines legacy of customization. CamelBak developed a line for children, which
included bite valves that have to be removed from the inside of the bottle to prevent choking. The company also released the
Podium
®
insulated and non-insulated line, which includes features such as the patented Jet Valve.
The companys bottle offering has continued to evolve to meet the specific demands of consumers. These demands have included
activity-based needs such as customized cycling bottles. They have also included health concerns, including the consumer backlash against BPA. CamelBak recognized this concern early and became the first to offer an entire line of BPA-free hard
plastic bottles in May of 2008.
The companys bottle offering Groove, provides users the ability to filter water in any place at
any time through its integrated straw assembly. Users simply fill the bottle with tap water, screw the cap on and start sipping. The integrated plant-based carbon filter reduces chlorine taste and odors found in tap water thus improving taste and
eliminating the desire to purchase disposable bottles of water. Bottles represented approximately 34% and 31% of CamelBaks gross sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Gloves
The evolution of CamelBak gloves parallels that of the pack business in the Government / Military channel. Initially created
for pit crews in the auto racing market, members of elite squads who became aware of the product were impressed with its dexterity and durability. Following this unofficial endorsement, members of the U.S. Armed Forces began requesting CamelBak
gloves. The gloves are highly-technical and difficult to produce, with some styles requiring 44 individual pieces for the assembly of the final product. Today, CamelBak gloves are exclusively a Government / Military product, as their technical
characteristics exceed that which a non-military user would desire. Gloves represented approximately 6% and 14% of the companys gross sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The reduction in Glove sales
over the past two years is consistent with the reduction of deployed troops.
Accessories
CamelBak offers various
accessories to complement its hydration systems. Accessories are available for each product line and include items that are made to enhance hydration performance and others for maintenance or replacement parts.
CamelBaks goal is to reinvent the way that individual athletes, warfighters and every day users hydrate and perform. To that aim, the company has
developed a number of products that help to further enhance the already innovative way that its products deliver water:
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|
|
Elixir is a flavored electrolyte tablet that is designed to work in concert with CamelBaks reservoirs. Elixir improves alertness and hydration.
|
|
|
|
All Clear is a water purification solution that is integrated with CamelBaks bottles.
|
CamelBak products are known for their high quality and durability. The company provides products to help maintain this durability and offers replacement
parts in the rare instance that the products cease to perform at the optimal levels:
|
|
|
Reservoir cleaning kits are designed to optimally clean the reservoirs that are inside of each pack. Properly cleaning and drying the reservoirs
promotes longevity.
|
|
|
|
Replacement reservoirs are made for each pack. This ensures that in the rare case that a reservoir must be replaced, the athlete or warfighter does not
need to replace the entire pack but can easily swap out the necessary components. Many users also like to have multiple reservoirs.
|
37
In addition to recreational accessories, the company offers a specialized line associated with its military
products. These accessories help enhance the performance of military products by adding resistance to chemical and biological agents or allowing connection to standard issue gas masks. For example, the HydroLink allows warfighters to replace their
bite valve with a connector, allowing them to hydrate while wearing their gas mask. Accessories accounted for approximately 10% and 11% of CamelBaks gross sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Competitive Strengths
Leading Brand Recognition & Market Share
CamelBak believes it has a #1 market share in the following areas:
(i) recreational hands- free hydration packs, (ii) reusable water bottles for specialty channels and (iii) post-issue hydration packs for the U.S. military. The company enjoys outstanding awareness and a reputation for superior
performance with consumers, retailers and warfighters. For example, within the Armed Forces, CamelBak is one of only a few companies allowed to prominently display its brand name on active military products.
Preferred Partner
CamelBak is a preferred partner to leading retailers and the military. The company is a supplier to leading
national specialty and sporting goods retailers, including REI, EMS, Dicks Sporting Goods and The Sports Authority. In addition, CamelBak does business in over 400 military retail exchanges.
Business Strategies
Introducing Technically Superior Products in Core Categories
The companys core categories include hydration packs, bottles and
warfighter protection products, and CamelBaks mission is to continuously reinvent the way people hydrate and perform. To meet this goal, the company will continue to create innovative, technical solutions that exceed the demands of its
customers. The companys product pipeline for its core customers remains robust.
Expanding Product Suite in Everyday Hydration to
Reach New Customers and Channels
The CamelBak brand is synonymous with personal hydration, and this credibility grants the company permission to enter broader aspects of hydration. The company is committed to continuing
to broaden its portfolio of personal hydration solutions to reach new customers, and, under the leadership of Ms. McCoy, has proven that it can extend its brand beyond hard-core athletes. For example, the company has successfully reached new
consumers and channels through its water bottle product line, which offers the features desired by its core customer base of performance athletes to the everyday customer shopping at Target. As the company continues to expand its relevance to
everyday users, its authenticity will allow the company to enter other areas such as purification and other products.
Broadening
International Opportunities
Management believes there is significant potential to expand its international sales in the consumer market. Currently, CamelBaks recreational business is sold through a network of approximately 65
foreign distributors. With improved distribution in the recreational market, the company would have a number of opportunities to expand throughout Europe, Asia and South America.
Penetrating Select Areas of Specialty Retail
CamelBak aspires to build a product portfolio that shapes the way consumers and warfighters perform across all activities. To that aim,
CamelBak has made significant strides introducing new products that target activities outside of its core biking and hiking audience. Past examples include multi-sport enthusiasts and runners. The company targeted the multi-sport category with
highly- functional wearable hydration, which consists of a wearable shirt with built in hydration pack that allows enthusiasts to hydrate hands-free without a traditional pack.
CamelBak keeps an open dialogue with the athletes it endorses and is thus able to gain real-time feedback on the products it produces. By learning the needs of these consumers and others, CamelBak is able
to identify other areas to develop ground-breaking solutions. As CamelBak continues to innovate and create new products to serve
38
the needs of more diverse consumers, it will further grow sales to these retailers. As a sports subculture brand, CamelBak is able to migrate to different activities without losing the
authenticity and credibility it has developed as a leading product innovator. As examples, skiers and kayakers alike have adopted the brand as their own without even realizing that other sports enthusiasts have done the same.
CamelBak launched its own direct to consumer E-Commerce site during the fourth quarter of 2012.The site initially offered bottles and accessories along
with water packs. In 2013 the site is expected to expand and will offer more hydration packs which will coincide with CamelBaks annual pack launch.
Research and Development
CamelBaks hydration products are among the most
technically advanced and rigorously engineered in their markets. They are specifically designed to function and perform under diverse and extreme conditions. CamelBaks research and development effort is at the core of its strategy of product
innovation and market leadership. CamelBaks products feature a combination of innovative design, high-quality materials, and superb functionality and performance elements and are recognized as being the leaders or among the leaders in all of
the market segments in which they participate.
CamelBak has a robust core research and development team, which has collectively over 36 years
of combined industry experience. In addition to the core engineering group, a large number of other CamelBak staff members, who also use the companys products, contribute to the research and development effort at various stages. Product
development also includes collaborating with customers and field testing. This feedback helps ensure products will meet the companys demanding standards of excellence as well as the constantly changing needs of end users.
CamelBaks research and development activities are supported by state-of-the-art engineering software design tools, integrated manufacturing
facilities and a performance testing center equipped to ensure product safety, durability and superior performance. The testing center collects data and tests products prior to and after commercial introduction. Research and development costs (from
the date of acquisition) totaled $3.0 million and $0.8 million during the years 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Customers and Distribution
channels
CamelBak offers a unique value proposition for its customers. As an innovative subculture sports brand, CamelBak has the
authenticity and credibility to defend market share, command premium prices and leverage into new categories. The brand strength allows retailers to hold prices and thus protect margins. Further, the companys Got Your Bak lifetime
warranty speaks to the level of quality and customer service offered. The companys products, which are sold domestically and internationally, are segmented into two major end markets: Recreational and Government/Military. CamelBaks
powerful product distribution network is comprised of long-standing, entrenched relationships with a diversified set of customers. CamelBaks top ten customers comprised approximately 49% and 52% of gross sales in the year ended
December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, with no single customer accounting for greater than 9% of gross sales.
Recreational
Distribution
CamelBak markets its hydration and performance products to several channels in the recreational market. Management estimates that the company currently holds in excess of 85% of the market share of the hands-free
hydration market. A share this large demonstrates the strength of the brand and the credibility that the products have with consumers. CamelBak invented the category in 1989 and although competitors have introduced a number of similar products, the
company has held on to its base.
RecreationalDomestic Distribution:
The RecreationalDomestic Division is focused on
product distribution through a variety of retail accounts in the United States. Particular emphasis is placed on premium active lifestyle retailers across a broad spectrum of channels, including camping/outdoor, bike, natural foods, housewares,
hunting/fishing, paddle sports and surf/skate.
The division manages approximately 2,600 retail customers with over 9,500 retail storefronts.
Current distribution channels range from specialty bicycle, outdoor, paddle sports, hunting stores and catalogs to large outdoor and sporting goods chains that reach the broader market. Importantly, the company has selectively expanded and
diversified its distribution channels over time. Today, notable customers include REI, Dicks Sporting Goods, EMSTarget, Whole Foods Market, Academy and The Sports Authority.
39
The companys entrance into the reusable bottle category in 2006 resulted in a notable broadening of
distribution, as the company made the decision to strategically expand into new channels. The company felt it was important to reach an even broader consumer base to further its vision of obsoleting bottled water as the most common way
to hydrate. The bottle business has also enabled CamelBak to achieve penetration in the college and corporate sponsorship markets.
RecreationalInternational Distribution:
The RecreationalInternational division is focused on product distribution through
outdoor, sporting goods and specialty retailers that are managed through local distributors focused on premier retail accounts. The company maintains an office in Europe to provide oversight of distributor performance, market intelligence and
limited supplemental marketing support, including event staffing, trade show management, athlete sponsorships, public relations and market/product intelligence gathering. Order scheduling, fulfillment and logistics support for the companys
international operations are provided from CamelBaks Petaluma headquarters.
Key international markets include the United Kingdom,
Germany, France, Australia, Japan, Canada, Norway and Korea. As is the case in the United States, the CamelBak brand is widely recognized and respected by enthusiasts and maintains a dominant market share.
MilitaryRetail Exchange Distribution
Military retail exchanges, including the Army and Air Force Exchange Service
(AAFES), the Navy Exchange Service Command (NEXCOM) and the Marine Corps Exchange (MXC), are essentially large retail chains serving the military community. Military personnel, veterans and their families are
strongly incentivized to shop at exchanges given that the store markup is typically less than the off base markup from other retailers, exchanges do not charge sales tax and a portion of the exchanges earnings often go towards funding
expenditures related to the militarys morale, welfare and recreation. Furthermore, the exchanges provide an added benefit to consumers, given the convenience they provide to troops deployed in nearby locations.
The military retail exchanges represent large distribution platforms extending across many different countries. CamelBak sells through over 400
locations. CamelBak pioneered the adoption of hands-free hydration systems by U.S. and foreign militaries and is today, we believe, the preferred brand of warfighters. As a result, CamelBak has dominant market share throughout the military retail
channel. CamelBak is one of AAFES largest vendors and has a strong, long-term relationship with the retailer.
Government / Military
Distribution
In the Government / Military division, CamelBak sells products and accessories related to both hydration and performance. CamelBak continues to expand its Government / Military market by increasing penetration into
foreign governments and militaries. A key component of U.S. foreign policy is the replacement of some deployed troops with those of foreign militaries. CamelBaks success in the U.S. Military carries tremendous credibility abroad, which has
enabled the company to achieve meaningful adoption outside the U.S.
Domestic Government / Military Distribution CamelBak sells its
products through a range of domestic Government / Military channels:
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GSA: The GSA provides a channel for all federal government agencies and government end-users to procure items easily. All products sold through the GSA
must be pre-approved to get listed on GSA schedules. Once products are listed, thousands of Government / Military units and agencies purchase through this channel knowing that all pricing and legal obligations have already been negotiated and
approved.
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Direct Department of Defense Procurement: The U.S. Military will, from time to time, request for proposal a large amount of a given product. In
addition, this request can oftentimes require that the product be manufactured with domestic content and other various specific rules. As it relates to CamelBaks business, the company calls such direct contracts DFAR business. This
is patterned after the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation (DFAR) set of rules used by the government. Selling through the direct government channel entails abiding by specific sourcing guidelines and responding to a solicitation.
Typically, a branch of the military will identify a need, issue a solicitation and multiple parties will bid to win the contract. While these orders are intermittent and often large, CamelBak has developed a strong supply chain to deal with these
types of orders.
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International Government / Military Distribution International Sales in the Government / Military is driven by ordinary replenishment and large
solicitations that occur on an irregular basis to meet the equipment needs of each individual country. CamelBak has consistently participated in these solicitations with significant historical success.
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Sales and Marketing
CamelBak approaches marketing from a unique point of view that is meant to inspire customers. CamelBak is engaged in small endorsement deals that provide gear to actual users as well as athletes who bike,
climb and hike professionally as opposed to entering into large multi-year contracts. Second, the companys marketing campaign uses photographs and videos shot from a users perspective. This photographic style encourages the consumers
viewing the ad to imagine they are engaging in the activity shown. This experience serves to promote the inspirational nature of CamelBaks brand by liberating people to go further.
Marketing
CamelBak uses a two pronged approach to marketing:
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CamelBak has set out to aggressively pursue new users and expand its customer base while remaining true to its authentic, innovative ideals. Given the
customization that has occurred across the companys product lines, CamelBak created a unique, highly targeted marketing plan to acquire new users for specific products. In the case of Groove, CamelBak set out to expand its customer base
of 25-45 year old women. To that end, the company designed print and web ads with a message that appeals more directly to this group and placed these advertisements in the appropriate womens lifestyle magazines. The company also has a strong
presence on the internet and uses instructional videos and direct marketing through social media sites such as Facebook.
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CamelBak also makes a point to continue cultivating the passionate consumer base that already admires and respects the company and its products. A
recent example is the release of the Antidote Reservoir. The company uses a unique marketing approach for different target users. Since these products are geared towards passionate outdoor athletes, CamelBak placed ads in forums including:
(i) bicycling and mountain bike magazines, (ii) backpacking and hiking magazines and (iii) internet and social media sites that cater to active men and women.
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Sales Organization
CamelBaks in-house sales team consists of dedicated sales people and customer service employees. The sales organization is strategically aligned by product
category/sales channel. The sales managers split coverage for major national accounts with one team responsible for maintaining and growing sales to established channels and the other for business to larger national retailers and natural foods
stores. With an average tenure of 5 years with the company, CamelBaks sales team maintains enduring and entrenched relationships with each of its customers.
The RecreationalDomestic division manages customers through both an in- house sales management staff and a network of sales agencies consisting of a number of independent sales representatives. The
Recreational International division manages its international customers through local distributors focused on premier retail accounts. The company maintains an office in Europe with two employees to provide oversight.
CamelBak had sales backorders totaling $29.3 million and $29.4 million At December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Competition
CamelBak pioneered
the hydration category with the introduction of the hydration pack more than 20 years ago. CamelBaks brand admiration and customer loyalty, which are driven by its innovative products, have allowed the company to continuously defend its market
position in packs. These traits also allowed the company to successfully enter the bottle category where it holds a leading market position.
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A summary of CamelBaks competitors in hydration packs, bottles and reservoirs is listed below:
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Hydration Packs
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Bottles
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Reservoirs
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Osprey
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Nalgene
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Platypus
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The North Face
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SIGG
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Hydrapak
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DaKine
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Nathan Performance Gear
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Source
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Polar
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Kleen Kanteen
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Contigo
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Across its military product set, CamelBak competes against a wide variety of industry players which include large prime
and tier two defense companies, small and mid-sized companies specializing in warfighter equipage and companies focused predominantly on the consumer or materials market with a limited number of defense product offerings. CamelBak is recognized as a
high-end supplier in each of its product categories (hydration and gloves). Management believes CamelBak is the leading supplier of post-issue hydration packs with over 85% of the market share and among the leading providers of specialized tactical
gloves which are worn by some of the most elite users in the world.
Suppliers
CamelBaks product manufacturing is based on a dual strategy of in-house manufacturing and strategic alliances with select sub-contractors and
vendors. CamelBak operates a scalable, low-cost supply chain, sourcing materials and employing contract manufacturers from across the Asia-Pacific region, the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Once manufactured, products are shipped directly from overseas
manufacturers to CamelBaks distribution center in San Diego for receiving and stocking and thereafter distributed to retail locations or third-party distributors.
CamelBak has developed an efficient and low-cost supply chain. The companys deep understanding of military procurement requirements has allowed it to build a flexible network of vendors to reliably
meet large military orders on short notice and to shift orders to vendors to be compliant with military requirements for its products. While striving to maximize the profitability of its products, the company is also keenly aware of its corporate
responsibility and, thus, holds itself and its vendors to the highest supply chain practices. As a result of the companys dedication to superior supply chain and manufacturing practices, the U.S. Militarys GSA named CamelBak the
Green Contractor of the Year in 2009 and MAS Contractor of the year in 2011.
In recent years, the company has
streamlined its operating expenses, tightening cost controls and maintaining a cost structure more in line with the size of its platform. Additionally, the company has driven cost improvements by negotiating prices with vendors using an open
book policy, in which each vendors profit margins, labor rates and material costs are agreed to upfront. This allows the companys operations group to negotiate reductions in component prices from raw material manufacturers
resulting in cost savings that are passed through to CamelBak.
The companys primary raw materials are fabric, resin, polyurethane film
and various resins for which the company and/or its supplier partners receive multiple shipments per week. The company purchases its materials from a combination of domestic and foreign suppliers.
Intellectual Property
Hydration
priorities include easy cleaning and filling, freshness and taste, durability, temperature, water purity, leak-proof products and sustainability, all of which improve a customers overall hydration experience or enable the customer to perform
at high levels. As a reflection of this focus, CamelBak holds 39 active patents and 16 pending patent applications.
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Regulatory Environment
Management is not aware of any existing, pending or contingent liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on the companys business. The company is proactive regarding regulatory issues
and is in compliance with all relevant regulations. Management is not aware of any potential environmental issues.
Employees
As of December 31, 2012, CamelBak employed approximately 297 persons. None of CamelBaks employees are subject to collective
bargaining agreements. CamelBaks relationship with its employees is good.
Ergobaby
Overview
Ergobaby, headquartered
in Los Angeles, California, is a premier designer, marketer and distributor of baby wearing products, stroller travel systems and accessories. Ergobaby offers a broad range of wearable baby carriers, stroller travel systems and related products that
are sold through more than 650 retailers and web shops in the United States and internationally in about 50 countries.
Ergobabys
reputation for product innovation, reliability and safety has led to numerous awards and accolades from consumer surveys and publications, including babycenter, Parenting Magazine, Pregnancy magazine and Wired magazine.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Ergobaby had net sales (from the date of acquisition) of approximately $64.0 million,
$44.3 million and $12.2 million, respectively. Ergobaby had operating income totaling $10.9 million and $7.9 million in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and an operating loss of $2.4 million from its date of acquisition
through December 31, 2010. Ergobaby had total assets of $117.7 million, $118.4 million and $95.7 million at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Ergobabys net sales represented 7.2% and 7.3% of our consolidated net sales
for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and 2.4% of our consolidated net sales for the year ended December 31, 2010 (from acquisition date).
History of Ergobaby
Ergobaby was founded in 2003 by Karin Frost, who designed baby
carriers following the birth of her son. The product line has since expanded into seven primary product lines: the Original, Designer, Organic, Sport, Performance, Travel, and Options carriers with multiple style variations. In its second year of
operations, Ergobaby sold 10,500 baby carriers and by 2012 sold over 890,000 in the year. In order to support the rapid growth, in 2007, Ergobaby made a strategic decision to establish an operating subsidiary (EBEU) in Hamburg, Germany.
We purchased a majority interest in Ergobaby on September 16, 2010.
On November 18, 2011 Ergobaby acquired Orbit Baby for
approximately $17.5 million. Founded in 2004 and based in Newark, California, Orbit Baby produces and markets a premium line of stroller travel systems, including car seats, strollers and bassinets that are interchangeable using a patented hub ring.
Both brands are well regarded in the infant and juvenile industry. Ergobaby was named to the 20 Best Products in the Last 20
Years by Parenting Magazine (2007), and continues to be recognized for its quality evident by recently being named babycenters 2012 Moms Pick for best Baby Carrier. While The Orbit Baby Infant System has received vast
honors, including, 2007 iParenting Media Award for Best Product, Baby Gizmos Editors Choice 2012, babble.com favorite Car Seats 2012, She Knows Parenting Stroller Award 2011, and lilsugar Best Stroller of 2010.
Industry
Ergobaby competes in
the large and expanding infant and juvenile products industry. The industry exhibits little seasonality and is somewhat insulated from overall economic trends, as parents view spending on children as largely non-discretionary in nature.
Consequently, parents spend consistently on their children, particularly on
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durable items, such as car seats, strollers, baby carriers, and related items that are viewed as necessities. Further, an emotional component is often a factor in parents purchasing
decisions, as parents desire to purchase the best and safest products for their children. As a result, parents spend from $8,480 to $23,690 on their child on an annual basis for related housing, food, transportation, clothes,
healthcare, daycare and other items, depending on age of the child & annual income. On average, households spent from 12-25 percent of their before-tax income on a child, according to the USDAs most recent report (May 2011).
Similar patterns are seen in other counties around the world. According to a Mintel report published in March 2010, estimated 2010 retail dollars spent on baby durables reached approximately $10.3 billion in the U.S., up compared to approximately
$9.5 billion in 2004, with a considerably larger market worldwide. The U.S. retail market is expected to continue its growth trajectory through 2014 with an anticipated market size of approximately $12.0 billion.
Demand drivers fueling the growing spending on infant and juvenile products include favorable demographic trends, such as (i) an increasing number
of births worldwide; (ii) a high percentage of first time births; (iii) an increasing age of first time mothers and a large percentage of working mothers with increased disposable income; and (iv) an increasing percentage of single
child households and two-family households.
Given that the childs safety is paramount, many parents do not want to compromise a baby or
childs safety by purchasing secondhand products to save money. In many cases, when purchasing secondhand, the parent does not know key facts about the product they are buying, such as the age of the product, history of the item, or potential
recalls by the manufacturer. Furthermore, the safety standards for the product may have changed since the version being resold, resulting in a product that does not meet the most rigorous safety standards. Consequently, as parents consider purchases
of important necessities such as baby durables, they typically favor new products. According to Mintel Research, approximately 83% of baby carrier purchases were first-time purchases, with the remainder being either purchased second hand or
borrowed.
Safety influences not only whether parents purchase new or used products, but also which brands parents choose, which consequently
impacts pricing and competition within the infant and juvenile products market. In purchases of baby durables, parents often seek well-known brands that offer a sense of comfort regarding a products reliability and safety. As a result, brand
name and safety certifications can serve as a barrier to entry for competition in the market, as well as allow well-known brands such as Ergobaby to charge a premium.
Wearable Carriers and Baby Wearing Trends
Within the broader market for
infant and juvenile products, Ergobaby operates specifically within the market for child mobility and transport products. According to the Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association (JPMA), reported child mobility and transport
manufacturer dollar sales, which includes sales of carriers, strollers, travel systems, and related products, totaled approximately $349.1 million in the U.S. in 2009. Penetration of baby carriers currently trails that of strollers, car seats,
and other infant and juvenile products. JPMA manufacturer sales growth from 2008 to 2009 suggests that the soft carrier segment is growing more rapidly than other infant and juvenile product categories, with 7.8% unit growth and dollar growth.
Comparatively, stroller shipments and convertible car seat shipments decreased 1.6% and 8.3%, respectively, over the same period
Management
believes that continued growth within the market for wearable baby carriers is driven by several trends, including (i) lower relative penetration of baby carriers versus other infant and juvenile products; (ii) favorable demographics;
(iii) increasing focus on the popularity of baby wearing; and (iv) convenience and mobility of wearable products.
Products
and Services
Ergobaby- Baby Carriers
Ergobaby has two main baby carrier product lines: baby carriers and accessories. Ergobabys baby carrier design supports a natural sitting position for babies, eliminating compression of the spine
and hips that can be caused by unsupported suspension. The baby carrier also balances the babys weight to parents hips and shoulders, and alleviates physical stress for the parent. The organic carrier line uses 100% organic cotton from
India. Additional accessories are provided to complement the baby carriers.
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Within the carrier category, Ergobaby sells seven primary product lines: the Original, Designer, Organic,
Sport, Performance, Travel, and Options carriers and; within each line, Ergobaby offers multiple style variations. Amongst the carrier category, Original carriers represented 48% of 2012 and 39% of 2011 carrier sales, respectively, and Organic
carriers represented 22% and 37%, of 2012 and 2011 carrier sales, respectively, with all other carriers representing the remaining sales in each year. Carrier sales were approximately $44.6 million; $37.8 million and $30.0 million in the years ended
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and represented approximately 70% of total sales in 2012, and 86% of total sales in 2011 and 2010.
Within the accessories category, Ergobaby sells twelve primary product lines: back packs, bibs, changing pads, chest strap, doll carrier, front pouch, hood replacement, Infant Insert, papoose coat,
teething pads, waist extension and a weather cover. Within each line, Ergobaby offers multiple style variations including color and organic/non-organic fabric. The Infant Insert is the largest sales component of the accessory category, representing
more than half of total accessory sales for 2010 and 2011. Accessory sales were $6.0 million, $6.5 million and $4.4 million and represented approximately 9%, 15% and 13% of total sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Ergobabys core baby carrier product offerings with average retail prices are summarized below:
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6 styles of baby carriers $115 $195
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1 style of organic carrier in 7 colors $135 $160
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5 styles of Infant Inserts $25 $38
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12 different accessory products $10 $64
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Orbit Baby Infant Systems
The Orbit Baby Infant System has three main product
groups: stroller travel systems, product extensions and accessories.
The Orbit Baby Stroller Travel System is a
three-piece kit that includes an infant car seat, car seat base, and stroller. Unlike traditional infant travel systems, the Orbit Stroller Travel Systems unique docking technology, or SmartHub
TM
, allows for easy interchange of four different seats,
including the Infant Car Seat, Stroller Seat, Bassinet, and Toddler Car Seat.
The Orbit Baby car seat base (which
stays in the car when not in use) is touted as the easiest, quickest base to safely install. The bases patent-pending StrongArm
TM
technology allows a secure installation in 60 seconds and easily docks the car seat from almost any angle, allowing
the parent to ergonomically transport the child.
The Orbit Baby Infant Car Seat is the common plug-in for the three-in-one system
and can be moved effortlessly from the car seat base to the stroller. As a result of the SmartHub technology, Orbit is the only infant car seat that ergonomically rotates for simple docking and undocking to and from the car and stroller.
The third member of the Stroller Travel System is Orbits modern and easy-to-use stroller. As is the case with the car seat base, the circular
SmartHub allows the infant car seat to dock on the stroller from any angle, and with 360 degree rotation, the baby can face rear, forward, or sideways to view the world from different perspectives.
Orbit Baby offers product extensions including additional seats and strollers, including the Double Helix, to accommodate growing children and families.
Orbit Baby also offers a wide range of accessories including the Sidekick Stroller Board, Stroller Panniers, Weather Pack, Color Pack,
Footmuffs, Stroller Travel Bag and Baby Gear Spa Kit.
Orbit Babys core product offerings, extensions and accessories and suggested
retail prices are below:
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Stroller Travel System (includes Infant Car Seat, Car Seat Base, Stroller) $940
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Car Seats and Car Seat Base $380 $440
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Competitive Strengths
Ergobaby Carriers are known for their unsurpassed comfort
Ergobabys superior design results in improved comfort for both parent and baby. Parents are comfortable because
babys weight is evenly distributed between the hips and shoulders while baby sits ergonomically in a natural sitting position. The concept of baby carrying has increased in popularity in the U.S. as parents recognize the emotional and
functional benefits of carrying their baby. Consumers continually cite the comfort, design, and convenient hands free mobility the Ergobaby carrier offers as key purchasing criteria.
Orbit Baby Innovation
With 14 patents and 10 patents pending, Orbit Baby offers a complete child travel system, from stroller
to car seat and beyond. A favorite with moms and dads alike, the integrated Orbit Baby system is designed to take your child everywhere with unprecedented ease and style. With an emphasis on advanced safety and engineering, Orbit Baby is continually
recognized for its innovation, ergonomic design and environmentally friendly focus. Orbit Baby applies hands-on experience and extensive research to create products that are elegantly simple, intuitive to use, and unsurpassed in real-world safety.
Business Strategy
Increase Penetration of Current U.S. Distribution Channels
Ergobaby continues to benefit from steady expansion of the market
for wearable baby carriers and related accessories in the U.S. and internationally. Going forward, Ergobaby will continue to leverage and expand the awareness of its outstanding brands (both Ergobaby and Orbit Baby) in order to capture additional
market share in the U.S., as parents increasingly recognize the enhanced mobility, convenience, and the ability to remain close to the child that Ergobaby carriers enable. The company currently markets its products to consumers in the U.S. through
brick-and-mortar retailers, including specialty boutiques; online web shops; and directly through its website. Management has developed a targeted strategy to increase its penetration of these currently underpenetrated distribution channels that
includes: (i) improved retain presence, including new packaging and in-store support materials; (ii) improving the effectiveness of marketing programs including utilization of social sites, digital marketing, and improved consumer
engagement, and (iii) development of new products and designs.
Cultivate Attractive New Distribution Channels
In addition to its existing retail customer base, comprised primarily of small specialty retail stores and boutiques, there are numerous other retail channels that offer tremendous growth opportunities for Ergobaby products.
Specifically, management recently began targeting several types of retailers as the company continues its growth trajectory, including (i) multi-store maternity and infant and juvenile products chains; (ii) on-line retailers;
(iii) organic and natural specialty retailers; (iv) department stores; and (v) mass retailers.
International Market Expansion
Testimony to the global strength of its lifestyle brand, Ergobaby derives nearly 58% of its
sales from international markets. Similar to the U.S., Ergobaby can continue to leverage its brand equity in the international markets it currently serves to aggressively drive future growth, as well as expand its international presence into new
regions. The market for the companys products abroad continues to grow rapidly, in part due to the growth in the number of births worldwide and the fact that in many parts of Europe and Asia, the concept of baby wearing is a culturally
entrenched form of infant and child transport.
New Product Development
Management
believes Ergobaby has an opportunity to leverage its unique, authentic lifestyle brand and expand its product line.
Since its founding in
2003, the company has successfully introduced new carrier products to maintain innovation, uniqueness, and freshness within its product line. Specifically, 20 new SKUs were added in 2012, 23 new SKUs added in 2011 and 22 new SKUs added
in 2010. These product introductions include both evolutionary product introductions, such as new colors and patterns for the companys current carriers and associated products, as well as entirely new product categories. Major recent new
product introductions include the Ergobaby infant insert
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Heart2Heart, which modifies the Ergobaby carrier to provide additional support for a babys developing spine. Additionally, in 2010, Ergobaby launched the Performance carrier and the Option
carrier, the latter which allows the consumer to customize the look of the carrier with optional colored fabrics and designs. In 2011, Ergobaby launched the Daypack which is a hybrid of a Backpack and Diaper Bag that snaps around the Ergobaby
Carrier straps to provide a comfortable, hands-free way to tote the days supplies in addition to all of your baby essentials. In 2012 Ergobaby introduced the Stowaway Carrier, and a designer carrier collection to include a matching diaper bag.
The Stowaway Carrier has the padded straps and waist belt that make all Ergobaby carriers comfortable, yet easily folds into its own front pouch for compact storage.
Orbit Baby was founded in 2004 using its original design of the Orbit Infant System which is a three-piece kit that includes a base, infant car seat, and stroller, using the unique docking technology,
(SmartHub). Since then, Orbit Baby has successfully introduced the Orbit Bassinet Cradle, and various accessories that has increased its versatility and kept them trend forward. In 2012, Orbit Baby introduced the Double Helix Stroller
Frame, Orbit Babys complete double stroller solution. The innovative design features a narrow frame with front and back rotating seats. With two SmartHub rings parents have the option to use any existing Orbit Baby seat.
Customers
Ergobaby primarily
sells its products through brick-and-mortar retailers, online retailers and distributors and derives approximately 58% of its sales from outside of the U.S. Within the U.S., Ergobaby sells its products through over 650 brick-and-mortar retail
customers and small infant and juvenile products chains, representing an estimated 2,000 retail doors. Ergobaby products are sold through its German based subsidiary, Ergobaby Europe, which services brick-and-mortar retailers and online retailers in
Germany and France as well as services a network of distributors located in the United Kingdom, Austria, Finland, Russia, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Spain, Denmark, Italy, Turkey and the Ukraine. Sales to customers
outside of the U.S. and European markets are predominantly serviced through distributors granted rights, though not necessarily exclusive, to sell within a specific geographic region.
Sales & Marketing
Within the U.S., Ergobaby directly employ sales
professionals and utilizes independent sales representatives assigned to differing U.S. territories managed by in-house sales professionals. Independent salespeople in the U.S. are paid on a commission basis based on customer type and sales
territory.
In Europe, Ergobaby directly employs its salespeople. In Europe, salespeople are paid a base salary and a commission on their
sales, which is standard in that territory. Ergobaby Europe handles all Ergobaby distributor orders within the European countries including Russia and Ukraine; all other orders are handled through Ergobabys U.S. offices.
Ergobaby has implemented a multi-faceted marketing plan which includes (i) targeted print advertising; (ii) online marketing efforts, including
online advertisement, search engine optimization and social networking efforts; (iii) increasing tradeshow attendance; and (iv) increasing promotional activities.
Ergobaby had approximately $10.0 million and $3.5 million in firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Competition
The infant and juvenile products market is fragmented, with a few
larger manufacturers and marketers with portfolios of brands and a multitude of smaller, private companies with relatively targeted product offerings.
Within the infant and juvenile products market, Ergobabys Carriers primarily compete with companies that market wearable baby carriers. Within the wearable baby carrier market, several distinct
segments exist, including (i) slings and wraps; (ii) soft-structured baby carriers; and (iii) hard frame baby carriers.
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The primary global competitors in this segment are Baby Bjorn and Manduca, which also market products in the
premium price range. Especially in the US, Ergobaby also competes with several smaller companies that have developed wearable carriers, such as Beco, Boba, and Lil Baby. Within the soft-structured baby carrier segment, Ergobaby benefits
from strong distribution, good word of mouth, and the functionality of the design.
The Orbit Baby Infant System principally competes with the
following premium brand stroller manufacturers:
Suppliers
Ergobaby sources its products from China, Vietnam and India. In 2012, Ergobaby began sourcing non-organic carriers and
accessories from a manufacturing facility in Vietnam. China and Vietnam accounted for approximately 69% of Ergobabys purchases in 2012. Ergobaby partnered with a manufacturer located in India in 2009, which manufactures Ergobabys
organic carriers and accessories, and represented approximately 31% of Ergobabys purchases in 2012. Ergobabys manufacturers in China, Vietnam and India have the additional capacity to accommodate Ergobabys projected growth.
Intellectual Property
Ergobaby maintains a utility patent on its standard carrier, which was filed in 2003 and issued January 29, 2009. Notwithstanding this patent,
Ergobaby primarily depends on brand name recognition and premium product offering to differentiate itself from competition. Ergobaby also maintains three utility patents for its Orbit Baby SmartHub technology.
Regulatory Environment
Management is not aware of any existing, pending, or contingent liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on the companys business. The
company is proactive regarding regulatory issues and is in compliance with all relevant regulations. Ergobaby maintains adequate product liability insurance coverage and to date has not incurred any losses. Management is not aware of any potential
environmental issues.
Employees
As of December 31, 2012 Ergobaby employed 86 persons in 6 locations. None of Ergobabys employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements. We believe that Ergobabys relationship
with its employees is good.
Fox
Overview
Fox, headquartered in Scotts Valley, California, is a branded action
sports company that designs, manufactures and markets high-performance suspension products and components for mountain bikes, snowmobiles, motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), and other off-road vehicles.
Foxs products are recognized by manufacturers and consumers as being among the most technically advanced suspension products currently available in
the marketplace. Foxs technical success is demonstrated by its dominance of award winning performances by professional athletes utilizing its suspension products. As a result,
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Foxs suspension components are incorporated by OEM customers on their high-performance models at the top of their product lines. OEMs leverage the strength of Foxs brand to maintain
and expand their own sales and margins. In the Aftermarket segment, customers seeking higher performance select Foxs suspension components to enhance their existing equipment.
Fox sells to over 175 OEM and over 7,800 Aftermarket customers across its market segments. In each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, approximately 81%, 80% and 78% of gross sales were to OEM customers
with the remaining sales to Aftermarket customers. Foxs senior management, collectively, has over 100 years of experience in the suspension design and manufacturing industry and other closely related industries.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Fox had net sales of approximately $235.9 million, $197.7 million, and $171.0 million
and operating income of $26.2 million, $22.6 million and $19.6 million, respectively. Fox had total assets of $142.8 million, $130.0 million and $130.8 million at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Foxs net sales represented
26.7%, 32.6%, and 33.9% of our consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
History
of Fox
Fox was founded by Bob Fox in 1974 when, having participated in motocross racing, he sought to create a racing suspension shock
that performed better than existing coil spring shocks. Working in a friends garage, Mr. Fox created the Fox Air-Shox. The product was successful and within two years it was used to win the U.S. 500cc National Motocross
Championship.
In 1978, Fox began producing high performance suspension products for off-road and motorcycle racing. From 1978 to 1983, Fox
suspension users won the 500cc Grand Prix (motocross), Baja 1000 (off-road), AMA Super Bike (motorcycle road racing) and Indy 500 (auto racing) generating greater market awareness for the Fox brand especially among racing enthusiasts.
As Fox grew, the company applied the same core suspension technologies developed for motocross racing to other categories. In 1987, Fox entered the
snowmobile market. By 1993, Fox began supplying the mountain bike industry with rear shocks before offering front fork suspensions in 2001. Fox entered the ATV and other off-road markets in the mid-1990s.
We purchased a majority interest in Fox on January 4, 2008.
Industry
Fox provides suspension products for mountain biking and powered vehicles,
such as, snowmobiles, all-terrain/utility vehicles, motorcycling/motocross and off-road/specialty vehicles. Over the last three fiscal years mountain biking has represented approximately 67%, 69% and 75%, of Foxs gross sales and powered
vehicles have represented the remainder of gross sales. Fox has focused on the performance and racing segments of the markets noted below, which are considerably smaller than the entire markets.
Mountain Biking
In 2011, the North American bike market generated over $6.0 billion of sales according to the National
Bicycle Dealers Association. Mountain bike related sales accounted for approximately 23% of this total according to U.S. Department of Commerce statistics, Gluskin Townley Estimates. These sales were primarily conducted through three channels: mass
merchants, chain sporting goods and Independent Bike Dealers (IBDs). These channels are differentiated by the price, quality and selection of the mountain bikes they offer, with the IBD segment, in which Fox competes, consisting of premium priced
and highly technical performance bikes.
Mountain biking enthusiasts typically have strong preferences concerning not only the OEM brand but
also for the components used by OEM manufacturers. Shocks, forks, wheels and drive-trains strongly influence customers buying decisions. OEMs have formed partnerships with premium component manufacturers having strong brands in order to
generate increased sales of their fully assembled bikes. Foxs components are generally selected by OEMs participating in the IBD segment and by Aftermarket consumers seeking increased performance characteristics which is a small portion of the
total market
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Snowmobiles
In 2011, management estimates that the North American market for new
snowmobiles was $1.4 billion. Snowmobiling can be segmented into the following categories: performance/crossover snowmobiles used for a variety of activities including racing; touring/utility snowmobiles that are more comfortable and often seat two
people; mountain snowmobiles that are performance-oriented, focusing on vertical geography; trail snowmobiles that are primarily used for riding groomed and un-groomed trails; and youth snowmobiles. Fox provides suspension products in each of these
categories.
As a way to stimulate demand for new snowmobiles and entice customers to purchase more premium priced snowmobiles, OEMs will
select Fox shocks. Additionally, OEMs offer the Foxs shock absorbers as upgrades on less expensive models. Aftermarket customers will select Fox components for increased performance characteristics.
All-Terrain Vehicles
In 2011, the North American ATV market was $2.6 billion according to managements estimates. The
market for all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and utility vehicles can be divided into four segments: Recreation/Utility ATVs that are primarily used for trail riding, hunting and farming; Sport ATVs that are high performance, two-wheel drive machines used
for racing and aggressive trail riding; Youth ATVs; and Side-by-Side ATVs. Fox develops and sells shocks into the performance and racing sport, youth and side-by-side sub-segments of the ATV market.
Similar to the snowmobile industry, OEMs will stimulate demand for new ATVs and entice customers to purchase more premium priced ATVs by selecting
Foxs shocks for their premium models. Additionally, OEMs offer the companys shock absorbers as upgrades on less expensive models. Aftermarket sales are comprised of customers seeking enhanced performance characteristics.
Motorcycles/Motocross
In 2011, the North American sales of motorcycles was $4.5 billion according to management estimates.
The motorcycle market consists of all classes of on-road and off-road motorcycles. There are three main categories: On-highway motorcycles that are primarily used on paved roads; Dual motorcycles that are used for both on and off-road activities;
and Off-highway motorcycles that are only certified for off-road use. The Off-road category is further segmented into motocross, off-road which includes youth motocross and youth off-road. Currently, OEM needs for suspension products are largely
filled by captive suppliers in this category. As such, Fox has focused on the Aftermarket performance racing segments which is considerably smaller than entire motorcycle market. Aftermarket sales are comprised of customers seeking enhanced
performance characteristics.
Off-Road Vehicles
In 2011, the North American retail sales of specialty automotive
products were $30 billion according to the Specialty Equipment Market Association. Off-road vehicles can be divided into five segments: off-road trucks, buggies, sand buggies, rock crawlers and lifted trucks. Consumers in the truck, buggy, sand
buggy and rock crawler categories range from serious racers and enthusiasts to individuals involved primarily in recreational activities. The lifted truck segment, which consists of vehicles that in many cases never leave the highway, is divided
generally by price point. Foxs products target the high-end price point for each of these five segments. Off-road vehicles are generally customized vehicles with Aftermarket components unlike OEM vehicles although some OEM manufacturers are
offering limited edition vehicles. Fox primarily sells to Aftermarket consumers seeking increased performance characteristics but has begun some limited sales to OEM manufacturers. FOX also provides suspension to the U.S. Government either directly
or through tier one manufacturers.
Products and Services
Fox designs and manufactures suspension products that dissipate the energy and force generated by various ride sport activities. A suspension product allows wheels to move up and down to absorb bumps and
shocks while keeping the tires in contact with the ground for better control. Foxs products use adjustable suspension, progressive spring rates, and low weight combined with structural rigidity. Fox suspension products improve user control for
greater performance while maximizing comfort levels.
Each suspension product built at Foxs manufacturing facilities is assembled
according to precise specifications at multiple stages throughout the assembly process to ensure consistently high performance levels and customer satisfaction. Finished parts are built in multiple assembly cells and on an assembly line using
precise tooling to ensure manufacturing consistency and product functionality. Fox has developed a number of highly sophisticated assembly machines to ensure consistent high quality.
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Competitive Strengths
Proprietary Engineering Expertise
Fox maintains a broad base of technical innovation and design that has been developed over the past 38 years. Foxs technical expertise
enables the development and production of some of the most advanced suspension products available in the market. With its history of innovation and design, Fox has created a deep portfolio of key intellectual property related to suspension
technology and applications.
Highly Recognizable Brand
Driven by a long history of innovation, Fox has created a highly
respected and well-known brand for advanced suspension products. A product branded with the FOX logo represents the highest level of technical performance for enthusiasts and professionals who require suspension systems capable of handling demanding
conditions. The FOX logo is prominently displayed on all of Foxs products and provides a halo effect for complementary products.
Strong Blue-Chip Customer Relationships
Given the long history of performance for Foxs suspension products, OEM customers
seeking the highest level of quality and technical features for suspension have developed strong long-term relationships with the company.
Business Strategies
Expand
Revenues from Powered Vehicles Business
Foxs focus on developing premier suspension technologies continues to create complementary opportunities across this segment.
Continue to Expand Aftermarket Sales
The sale of Aftermarket parts typically carries higher gross margins than a similar OEM
sale. Fox is further investing in its Aftermarket sales infrastructure to foster sales growth in 2013 and beyond. One of the simplest and most effective ways for customers to improve their performance is the purchase and installation of an
aftermarket Fox suspension product when compared to the expense of purchasing an entirely new platform.
International Growth
Due to the successful efforts of Foxs operations teams, distribution to foreign OEMs and distributors is well-established. By selectively increasing infrastructure and honing its focus on identified opportunities, Fox plans to
continue its international sales growth. Further, management plans include investigation of other international market opportunities, such as Asian and South American markets. International sales aggregated $149.6 million, $129.9 million and $113.6
million in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Pursue New Market Trends and Opportunities
New trends in action
sports can lead to significant market opportunities. Foxs close association with racing and its professionals allows it to see new trends as they emerge. Depending on the trend, Fox will develop new products that address these needs.
Fox established a manufacturing operation in Taiwan during 2012 and intends to capitalize on new opportunities in Taiwan, as many of
Foxs customers are in Asia.
Research and Development
We believe Foxs products are among the most technically advanced and rigorously engineered in their markets. They are specifically designed to function and perform under diverse and extreme
conditions. Foxs research and development effort is at the core of its strategy of product innovation and market leadership. Foxs products feature a combination of innovative design, high-quality materials, and superb functionality and
are recognized as being the leaders or among the leaders in all of the market segments in which they participate.
Fox has a robust core
research and development team, which has a significant amount of industry experience. In addition to the core engineering group, a large number of other Fox staff members, who also use the companys products, contribute to the research and
development effort at various stages. This may take the form of initial brainstorming sessions or ride testing products in development. Product development also includes collaborating
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with customers, field testing by sponsored race teams and working with grass roots riders. This feedback helps ensure products will meet the companys demanding standards of excellence as
well as the constantly changing needs of professional and recreational end users.
Foxs research and development activities are
supported by state-of-the-art engineering software design tools, integrated manufacturing facilities and a performance testing center equipped to ensure product safety, durability and superior performance. The testing center collects data and tests
products prior to and after commercial introduction. Suspension products undergo a variety of rigorous performance and accelerated life tests. The research and development portion of our total engineering costs totaled $5.7 million, $5.1 million and
$4.2 million in each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Customers
Foxs reputation for product quality, durability and technical excellence has resulted in a customer base that includes some of the worlds
leading OEMs and a loyal following of knowledgeable and experienced end users. Foxs OEM customers are market leaders in their respective categories, and help define, as well as respond to, consumer trends in their respective industries. These
customers provide exceptional market support for Fox by including the companys products on their highest-performing models. OEMs will often use Foxs components to improve the marketability and demand of their own products.
Fox sells to over 175 OEM customers and over 7,800 Aftermarket customers across its market segments. One customer accounted for approximately 7.0%, 8.1%
and 11.0% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Foxs top 10 customers accounted for approximately 51.1%, 51.6% and 53.2% of net sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. International sales
totaled $149.6 million, $129.9 million and $113.6 million in each of the years 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Sales attributable to countries outside the United States are based on shipment location. The international sales amounts provided do
not necessarily reflect the end customer location as many of our products are assembled at international locations with the ultimate customer located in the United States.
Sales and Marketing
Fox employs a number of dedicated sales professionals. Each
sales person is fully dedicated to servicing either OEM or Aftermarket customers ensuring that Foxs customers receive only the most capable person to address their unique needs. Fox strongly believes that providing the best service to its end
customers is essential in maintaining its reputational excellence in the marketplace. The sales force receives training on the latest Fox products and technologies in addition to attending trade shows to increase its market knowledge.
The primary goal of the marketing program is to strengthen and promote the FOX brand in the marketplace. Fox increases brand awareness and equity with
through a number of marketing channels including: advertisements in publications and websites; team and individual sponsorships; support and promotion at outdoor events; trade shows; website development; and dealer support.
Foxs business is somewhat seasonal. Historically, net sales and earnings are highest during the third quarter. We believe this seasonality is due
to delivery of new products containing our shocks related to the new bike season.
Fox had approximately $43.0 million and $37.0 million in
firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Competition
Competition in the high-end performance segment of the suspension market revolves around technical features, performance and durability, customer service,
price and reliable order execution. While price is a factor in all purchasing decisions, we believe customers consider Foxs products to be an outstanding value proposition given their significant performance and other attributes.
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Fox competes with several large suspension providers as well as numerous small manufacturers who provide
branded and unbranded products. These competitors can be segmented into the following categories:
Mountain Biking
Fox competes
with several companies that manufacture front and rear mountain bike suspension products. Management believes these include RockShox (a subsidiary of SRAM Corporation), Tenneco Marzocchi S.r.l. (a subsidiary of Tenneco Inc.), Manitou (a subsidiary
of HB Performance Systems), SR Suntour and DT Swiss (a subsidiary of Vereinigte Drahtwerke AG).
Snowmobiles
Within the
snowmobile market, Management believes its main competitor is KYB (Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd.). Other suppliers include Öhlins Racing AB, Walker Evans Racing, Works Performance Products and Penske Racing Shocks / Custom Axis, Inc.
All-Terrain Vehicles
A large percentage of the shocks supplied to OEM ATV manufacturers are the result of either long-term supplier
relationships or captive business units associated with a specific OEM. Alternatively, ATV manufacturers source suspensions from a variety of suspension manufacturers depending on the final application and performance requirements.
Foxs management believes its primary competitor outside of captive OEM suppliers is ZF Sachs (ZF Friedrichshafen AG) and Walker Evans Racing.
Aftermarket shocks are available from large OEMs plus a number of primarily Aftermarket suppliers including Elka Suspension Inc., Öhlins Racing AB, Works Performance Products and Penske Racing Shocks / Custom Axis, Inc.
Off-Road Vehicles
Within the off-road vehicle category, Fox competes with both branded and unbranded competitors. The two largest
competitors to Fox in managements opinion are ThyssenKrupp Bilstein Suspension GmbH (Bilstein) and King Shock Technology, Inc. (King Shock). Other competitors include Icon Vehicle Dynamics, Sway-A-Way, Pro Comp
Suspension and Rancho (Tenneco).
Suppliers
Fox works closely with its supply base, and depends upon certain suppliers to provide raw inputs, such as forgings and castings and molded polymers that have been optimized for weight, structural
integrity, wear and cost. Fox typically has no firm contractual sourcing agreements with these suppliers other than purchase orders.
Depending on component requirements, raw material inputs go through a combination of machining processes including computer numeric control machines,
drill stations and lathes. Fox utilizes manufacturing models and workflow analysis tools to minimize bottlenecks and maximize capital asset utilization. After initial machining, components are then outsourced to specialized manufacturers for
plating, grinding, anodizing and honing.
Foxs primary raw materials used in production are aluminum and magnesium. Fox uses multiple
suppliers for these raw materials and believes that these raw materials are in adequate supply and are available from many suppliers at competitive prices. Prices for these materials have been increasing but the company is implementing sourcing
strategies and value engineering initiatives to offset them.
Intellectual Property
Fox relies upon a combination of patents, trademarks, trade names, licensing arrangements, trade secrets, know-how and proprietary technology in order to
secure and protect its intellectual property rights.
Foxs in-house intellectual property department and in-house counsel diligently
protect its new technologies with patents and trademarks and vigorously defend against patent infringement lawsuits. Fox currently owns 31 patents on proprietary technologies for shock absorbers and front fork suspension products and has an
additional 78 patent pending applications at the U.S. and European Patent Offices. Foxs patent portfolio makes it an impediment to competitors to introduce products with comparable features.
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Regulatory Environment
Foxs manufacturing and assembly operations, its facilities and operations are subject to evolving federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations.
These include laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharge and the storage and handling of chemicals and hazardous substances. Management believes that Fox is in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable
environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. New requirements, more stringent application of existing requirements, or discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions could result in material environmental
expenditures in the future.
Additionally, Fox is subject to the jurisdiction of the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
and other federal, state and foreign regulatory bodies. Under CPSC regulations, a manufacturer of consumer goods is obligated to notify the CPSC, if, among other things, the manufacturer becomes aware that one of its products has a defect that could
create a substantial risk of injury. If the manufacturer has not already undertaken to do so, the CPSC may require a manufacturer to recall a product, which may involve product repair, replacement or refund. Fox has never had any of its products
recalled.
Employees
As of December 31, 2012, Fox employed approximately 534 persons. None of Foxs employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements. We
believe that Foxs relationship with its employees is good.
Liberty Safe
Overview
Liberty Safe, headquartered in Payson, Utah and founded in
1988, is the premier designer, manufacturer and marketer of home, gun and office safes in North America. From its over 204,000 square foot manufacturing facility, Liberty Safe produces a wide range of home, office and gun safe models in a broad
assortment of sizes, features and styles ranging from an entry level product to good, better and best products. Products are marketed under the Liberty Safe brand, as well as a portfolio of licensed and private label brands, including Remington,
Cabelas and John Deere. Liberty Safes products are the market share leader and are sold through an independent dealer network (Dealer sales) in addition to various sporting goods and home improvement retail outlets
(Non-Dealer sales or National sales). Liberty Safe has the largest independent dealer network in the industry.
Approximately 60% of Liberty Safes sales are Non-Dealer sales and 40% are Dealer sales.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Liberty Safe had net sales of approximately $91.6 million, $82.2 million and $49.0 million (from its acquisition date), respectively, and
operating income of $6.0 million, $4.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 respectively, and an operating loss of $0.8 million in 2010. Liberty Safe had total assets of $82.4 million, $85.9 million and $83.3 million at
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Net sales from Liberty Safe represented 10.4%, 13.6% and 9.7% of our consolidated net sales for the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 (from acquisition date), respectively.
History of Liberty Safe
The Liberty Safe brand and its leading market share has been built over a 24 year history of superior product quality, engineering and design innovation, and leading customer service and sales support.
Liberty Safe has a long history of continuous improvement and innovative approaches to sales and marketing, product development and manufacturing processes. Significant investments over the last five years have solidified Liberty Safes
reputation for providing substantial value to retailers and enhanced its long-standing position as the leading producer of premium home, office and gun safes.
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Liberty Safe started operations in 1988 and throughout 1991 and 1992, increased its distribution
capabilities, establishing a regional sales force model to better serve the Dealer channel. This expanded sales coverage gave Liberty Safe the needed organizational structure to provide ready support and products nationwide, helping to establish its
reputation for service to its customers. On the strength of its growing reputation and national sales presence, Liberty Safe achieved the status of the #1 selling safe company in America in 1994, according to Sargent and Greenleaf data, the major
lock supplier to the industry, a position that it has maintained to this day. In 2001, Liberty Safe opened its current 204,000 square foot state-of-the-art facility in Payson, UT and consolidated all of its manufacturing and distribution operations
to a centralized location. As the only facility in the industry utilizing significant automation and a streamlined roll-form manufacturing process, it represented a significant step forward when compared to the production capabilities of its
competitors. Incremental investments following the consolidation have solidified Liberty Safes position as the pre-eminent low-cost and most efficient domestic manufacturer.
Beginning in 2007, Liberty Safe reorganized its manufacturing process, retooled its product line for increased standardization throughout the production process and realigned employee incentives to
increase labor efficiency. These improvements enabled Liberty Safe to shift from build-to-stock production to build-to-order with shorter lead time requirements, greater labor efficiency and reduced working capital.
During 2011 Liberty Safe constructed a new production line that has allowed Liberty to build entry level safe products in- house. This product was
previously sourced from an Asian manufacturer. The production line began operations in February 2012 and Liberty is currently manufacturing two different models of safes on this line which translates into five new SKUs. Liberty invested over $9.0
million to build the line. This investment in production capacity now makes Liberty Safe the largest manufacturer of home, office and gun safes in the world. This added investment in capacity in the U.S. will allow Liberty Safe to provide shorter
lead times and competitive pricing to its North American customer base. This will allow Liberty safe to capture additional market share, growing its revenue base and adding more margin dollars to the bottom line. In addition, Liberty Safe will be
able to reduce its investment in inventory by no longer having to rely upon long lead times and the inaccuracies of forecasting.
We purchased
a majority interest in Liberty Safe on March 31, 2010.
Industry
Liberty Safe competes in the broadly defined North American safe industry which includes fire and document safes, media and data safes, depository safes, gun safes and cabinets, home safes and hotel
safes. According to Global Industry Analysts, (GIA) March 2008 report, the global safe industry was estimated to be approximately $2.9 billion of wholesale sales in 2008, and grew consistently at an estimated CAGR of 4.3% from 2000 to
2009. Consistent growth has been one of the defining characteristics of this industry, and GIA anticipates it will continue at a rate of 4.4% from 2009 through 2015.
Products & Services
Liberty Safe offers home, office and gun safes with
minimum retail prices ranging from $400 to $8,000.
Liberty Safe produces 39 home and gun safe models with the most varied assortment of
sizes, feature upgrades, accessories and styling options in the industry. Liberty Safes premium home and gun safe product line covers sizes from 12 cu. ft. to 50 cu. ft. with smaller sizes available for its personal home safe. Liberty Safe
markets its products under Company-owned brands and a portfolio of licensed and private label brands, including Remington, Cabelas, John Deere and others. Liberty Safe also sells commercial safes, vault doors and a number of accessories and
options. The overwhelming majority of revenue is derived from the sales of safes.
Competitive Strengths
#1 Premium Home and Gun Safe Brand with Strong Momentum in the Market
Liberty Safe achieved the status of #1 selling safe
company in America in 1994 (per statistics provided by Sargent & Greenleaf, the primary lock supplier to the industry) and maintains this prominent position today. The market for premium home and gun safes
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is highly fragmented, and management estimates that Liberty Safes net sales are over twice those of its next largest competitor in the category. Liberty Safe continues to gain market share
from the various smaller participants who lack the distribution and sales and marketing capabilities of Liberty Safe.
State-of-the-Art
and Scalable Operations
Over the past five years, management has constructed a highly scalable operational platform and infrastructure that has positioned Liberty Safe for substantial sales growth and enhanced profitability in the
coming years. Under current ownership, the company has transitioned itself from a manufacturing oriented operating culture to a demand-based, sales-oriented organization. The companys strategic transition required the implementation of a
demand-based sales and operating platform, which included (i) new equipment to drive automation and capacity improvements; (ii) reengineered product lines and production processes to drive efficiency through greater standardization in
production; and (iii) new employee incentives tied to labor efficiency, which has improved worker performance as well as employee attitude. These initiatives are enhanced by an experienced senior executive team, a balanced sourcing and in-house
manufacturing production strategy, advanced distribution capabilities and sophisticated IT systems. Liberty has combined its demand-based sales and operating initiatives with upgraded production equipment to drive multiple operational improvements.
Since 2007, the company has reduced its lead times from 4 6 weeks to approximately seven days. These shorter production cycles coupled with better demand forecasting have significantly reduced working capital needs for the business by
reducing domestic inventory from approximately 7,000 units to 3,000 units since 2007. Improved automation and workflow organization have decreased labor hours over 20% per safe from 8.3 in 2005 to 6.3 in 2012 for rolled steel safes. These
recent initiatives combined with the companys cumulative historical investments in operational capabilities have created a lasting competitive advantage over its smaller competitors, who utilize labor-intensive operations and lack the
companys lean manufacturing culture.
Historically, Liberty Safe maintained an optimal mix of in-house and Asian-sourced
manufacturing in order to improve its ability to meet customer inventory needs. Beginning in 2012 Liberty Safe began manufacturing entry level safes that were previously sourced from an Asian manufacturer, on its new production line. As a result,
over 90% of Liberty Safe products will now be made in the U.S. The average labor hours per entry level safe on this new production line is two hours. The increased capacity also positions Liberty Safe to grow its revenue base by more than was
otherwise possible and profit from the product produced when compared to the all-in cost of the Asian sourced product.
The company has leased
for the past ten years a manufacturing and distribution facility in Payson, Utah that represents the most scalable domestic facility in the industry. The companys multi-faceted production capabilities allow for substantial flexibility and
scalable capacity, thus assuring a level of supply chain execution far superior to any of its competitors.
Reputation for High Quality
Products
Liberty Safe is passionate about offering only the highest quality products on a consistent basis, which over the years has gained it an enviable reputation and a key point of differentiation from its competitors. Liberty
Safe distinguishes its products through tested security and fire protection features and industry leading design focused on functionality and aesthetics. The design of its safes meet rigorous internal benchmarks for security and fire protection,
with most receiving certification from Underwriters Laboratory, Inc. (UL), the leading product safety standard certification, for its security capabilities. Additionally, Liberty Safes investment in accessories and feature options
have made Liberty safes the most visually appealing and functional in the industry, while providing more customized solutions for retailers and consumers.
Trusted Supplier to National Retailer and Dealer Accounts
Liberty Safes comprehensive, high-quality product offering and sophisticated sales and marketing programs have made it
a critical supplier to a diverse group of national accounts and dealers. Initially a key supplier primarily to the dealer channel, it has expanded its business with national accounts, such as Gander Mountain, Cabelas and Lowes. Liberty
Safe provides a superior value proposition as a supplier for its national retailers and dealers via its well-recognized brands, lifetime product warranty, tailored merchandising, category management solutions and superior supply chain execution.
Further, Liberty Safes products generate more profitable floor-space, with both high absolute gross profit and retail margins over 30%. High retail profitability plus increased inventory turns has entrenched Liberty Safe as a key partner in
customers success in the safe category. As a core element of building its relationships, Liberty Safe has invested significantly in making its retailers better salespeople through a proprietary suite of training tools, including in-store
training, new product demonstrations, online education programs and sales strategy literature.
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Business Strategies
Liberty has experienced strong historical growth while executing on multiple new sales and operational initiatives, positioning it to continue to increase its scale and improve profitability.
Libertys growth strategy is rooted in the sales and marketing and operational initiatives that have spurred its expansion into new accounts and increased penetration of existing accounts. Liberty has significant opportunity in its existing
channels to continue to build upon its already strong market share. In addition to growth within its current channels, Libertys core competencies can be successfully applied to ventures in the broader security equipment market. Liberty has
explored certain of these opportunities, but due to the prioritization of operational initiatives and expansion opportunities within existing channels, they have not been aggressively pursued. Potential near-to-medium term areas for expansion of
Libertys platform include:
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Expand Libertys product line into the broader home and office safe market through current customers or new distribution strategies;
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Enter the military secure enclosures market;
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Further develop international distribution by entering new countries and expanding current limited presence in Canada, Mexico and Europe;
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Enter the residential security market through a strategic partnership with a provider of residential security service solutions to provide a more
complete physical and electronic security solution; and
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Acquire businesses within the premium home and gun safe industry and/or leverage Libertys platform into new products or channels
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Offer additional accessory products to existing distribution networks
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Customers
Liberty Safe prides itself on its ability to provide high-quality,
innovative products and industry-leading customer service. As a result, it has fostered long-term relationships with leading national retailers (National or Non-Dealer) as well as numerous Dealers, enabling Liberty Safe to achieve considerable brand
awareness and channel exposure. Traditionally, the Dealer channel has accounted for the majority of the Liberty Safes net sales, but through significant investment in its national accounts sales and marketing efforts, Liberty Safe has also
become the leading supplier to National accounts. Expansion into National accounts is part of Liberty Safes strategy to reach a broader customer base and more varied demographics. National account customers include sporting goods retailers,
farm & fleet retailers, home improvement retailers and club retailers. As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Liberty Safe had 16, 16 and 22 National account customers, respectively, that are estimated to have accounted for
approximately 57% of net sales.
Dealer customers include local hunting and fishing stores, hardware stores and numerous other local,
independent store models. As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, there were 343, 325 and 322 Dealers that accounted for 43%, 39% and 38% of net sales, respectively.
Cabelas, Liberty Safes largest customer accounted for approximately 15.0%, 13.2% and 15.2% of net sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Sales & Marketing
Liberty Safe possesses robust sales and marketing capabilities in the safe industry. Liberty Safe utilizes separate sales teams for National accounts and
Dealers, which enables it to provide more focused and effective strategies to manage and develop relationships within different channels. Liberty Safe has made significant recent investments in the development of a comprehensive sales and marketing
program including merchandising, sales training and tools, promotions and supply chain management. Through these various initiatives, Liberty Safe offers highly adaptable programs to suit the varying needs of its retailers. This has enabled Liberty
Safe to become a key supplier across diverse channels. Liberty Safe began advertising nationally on the Glen Beck show in the second half of 2010. This advertising has been highly successful and Liberty has continued this advertising in 2011 and
2012.
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Liberty Safes comprehensive service offering makes it uniquely suited to service national retailers in
a variety of channels. Liberty Safe has designed a Store-within-a-Store program and a more comprehensive Safe Category Management program to build relationships and increase its importance to retailers. Primarily utilized with sporting goods
retailers, the Store-within-a-Store concept successfully integrates the effective sales strategies of its dealers for selling a high-price point, niche product into a larger store format. Centered on communicating the benefits of its products to
customers, the program enables retailers to more effectively up-sell customers through a good-better-best merchandising platform, increasing margin and inventory turns for its retailers. Libertys Safe Category Management program builds on the
Store-within-a-Store concept to provide greater sales and marketing control and more complete inventory management solutions. This program facilitates Liberty Safe becoming the sole supplier to retailers, providing large incremental expansion and
stronger relationships at accounts. No other market participant has the capabilities to provide a comprehensive suite of customer service solutions to national retailers, such as customized SKU programs, a Store-within-a-Store program and a Safe
Category Management program.
Competition
Liberty Safe is the premier brand in the premium home and gun safe industry, with an estimated 34% market share in the category, two times the next competitor. Liberty is in a class by itself when it
comes to manufacturing technology and efficiency and supply chain capabilities. Competitors are generally more heavily focused on either smaller, sourced safes or large, domestically produced safes. Competitive domestic manufacturers run
blacksmith type factories that are small, inefficient and require a tremendous amount of manual labor that produces inconsistent product. In addition, many of Libertys competitors are directly tied to a third-party brand, such as
Browning, Winchester or RedHead / Bass Pro.
Liberty competes with other safe manufacturers based on price, breadth of product line,
technology, product supply chain capabilities and marketing capabilities.
Channel diversity in the premium home and gun safe industry is
rare, with most companies having greater concentration in either the dealer channel or national accounts, but rarely having the supply chain capabilities or sales and marketing programs to service both channels effectively. Major competitors have
limited sales and marketing departments and programs, making it difficult for them to expand sales and gain market share.
Suppliers
Libertys primary raw materials are steel, sheetrock, wood, locks, handles and fabric, for which it receives multiple shipments
per week. Materials, on average, account for approximately 65% of the total cost of a domestically produced safe, with steel accounting for approximately 55% of material costs. Liberty purchases its materials from a combination of domestic and
foreign suppliers. Historically, Liberty Safe has been able to pass on raw material price increases to its customers.
Liberty purchased over
29 million pounds of steel in 2012 primarily from domestic suppliers, using contracts that lock in prices two to three quarters in advance. Liberty Safe purchases coiled and flat steel in gauges from four to 14. Liberty Safe specifies rigorous
requirements related to surface and edge finish and grain direction. All steel products are checked to ASTM specification and dimensional tolerances before entering the production process.
Liberty Safe had approximately $13.2 million and $8.1 million in firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Intellectual Property
Liberty Safe relies upon a combination of patents and
trademarks in order to secure and protect its intellectual property rights.
Liberty Safe currently owns 25 trademarks and 2 patents on
proprietary technologies for safe products.
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Research and Development
Libertys approach to R&D and innovation drives customer satisfaction and differentiation from competitive products. Liberty is the engineering and design leader in its sector, due to a history
of first-to-market features and standard-setting design improvements. The Companys proactive solicitation of feedback and constant interaction with consumers and retail customers across diverse channels and geographies enables the Company to
stay at the forefront of customer demands. The Companys approach to product development increases the likelihood of market acceptance by creating products that are more relevant to consumers demands. Research and development costs were
$0.8 million, $0.7 million and $0.1 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The below charts represents some of the recent innovations
in product design (and functionality) that have come about from the Companys dedication to R&D:
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Product
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Function / benefit
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Cool Pocket
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Keeps documents 50% cooler than rest of safe
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Integrated lighting system
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Automatic on/off interior lights
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Palusol Heat activated door
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Seal expands to 7 times its size in a fire
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Liberty Tough Doors
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Enhanced protection against side bolt prying
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Marble gloss powder coat paint
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Provides smooth glass finish
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4-in-1 Flex storage system
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Adjustable shelving configurations
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Door panels
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Pocket variety to store handguns and other items
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In addition to product enhancements, new products, such as the
Fatboy
®
Series,
have been launched from Libertys commitment to R&D.
Based on consumer feedback, Liberty saw demand for safes that were capable of holding more valuables within the safe but at a lower
price point than Libertys current large safe models. Within 3 months of conception, the Company introduced the successful
Fatboy
®
series in February 2010. The
Fatboy
®
and
Fatboy Jr.
®
models, which are wider and deeper than traditional safes, were a natural complement to Libertys current products, targeted at a specific customer need. The
introduction and success of the
Fatboy
®
series demonstrates Libertys proven ability to recognize
market opportunities, engineer a responsive product and execute market delivery. Beginning in 2012 Liberty Safe will introduce five new SKUs, manufactured on its new production line, with a unique locking system to service the entry level safe
market.
Regulatory Environment
Liberty Safes management believes that Liberty Safe is in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations.
Employees
Liberty Safe is led by
a highly knowledgeable management team of sporting goods and consumer products industry veterans that possess a balanced combination of industry experience and functional expertise. The majority of the team members have worked together since 2000.
As of December 31, 2012, Liberty Safe had 342 full-time employees and 113 temporary employees. The Companys labor force is
non-union. Management believes that Liberty Safe has an excellent relationship with its employees.
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Tridien
Overview
Tridien, headquartered in Coral Springs, Florida, is a leading designer
and manufacturer of powered and non-powered medical therapeutic support surfaces and patient positioning devices serving the acute care, long-term care and home health care markets. Tridien is one of the nations leading designers and
manufacturers of specialty therapeutic support surfaces with manufacturing operations in multiple locations to better serve a national customer base.
Tridien, together with its subsidiary companies, provides customers the opportunity to source leading surface technologies from the designer and manufacturer.
Tridien develops products both independently and in partnership with large distribution intermediaries. Medical distribution companies then sell or rent
the therapeutic support surfaces, sometimes in conjunction with bed frames and accessories to one of three end markets: (i) acute care, (ii) long term care and (iii) home health care. The level of sophistication largely varies for
each product, as some patients require simple foam mattresses (non-powered support surfaces) while others may require electronically controlled, low air loss, lateral rotation, pulmonary therapy or alternating pressure surfaces
(powered support surfaces). The design, engineering and manufacturing of all products are completed in-house (with the exception of a select group of products, which are manufactured in Taiwan) and are FDA compliant.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Tridien had net sales of approximately $55.9 million, $55.9 million and $61.1 million,
and operating income of $3.7 million, $5.0 million and $8.0 million, respectively. Tridien had total assets of $44.5 million, $42.8 million and $44.2 million at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Net sales from Tridien represented
6.3%, 9.2% and 12.1% of our consolidated net sales for fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
History
Tridien was initially formed in February 2006 by CGI and Hollywood Capital, Inc., a private investment management firm led by Tridiens former Chief
Executive Officer, to acquire AMF and SenTech, located in Corona, CA and Coral Springs, FL, respectively. AMF Support Surfaces, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of non-powered mattress systems, seating cushions and patient positioning devices. SenTech
is a leading designer and manufacturer of advanced electronically controlled, powered, alternating pressure, pulmonary therapy, low air loss and lateral rotation specialty support surfaces for the wound care industry. Prior to its acquisition,
SenTech had established a premium brand as a result of its proprietary technologies, in the less price sensitive therapeutic market while AMF competed primarily in the preventive care market.
On October 5, 2006, Tridien acquired the patient positioning device business of Anatomic Concepts. The acquired operations were merged into Tridiens operations. Anatomic is a leading supplier
of operating suite patient positioning devices and support surfaces focused on the price sensitive long term care and home healthcare markets.
On June 27, 2007, Tridien purchased PrimaTech, a lower price-point distributor of powered medical support surfaces to the long term care and home
healthcare markets. PrimaTechs products are predominately designed in the U.S. and manufactured pursuant to an exclusive manufacturing agreement with an FDA registered manufacturing partner located in Taiwan.
In October 2009, Tridien and Hollywood Capital, Inc. terminated their management services agreement which provided for, among other things, two
principals of Hollywood Capital, Inc., resigning from their roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Tridien. Upon termination of the agreement, Tridien appointed a new Chief Executive Officer and a new Chief Financial
Officer.
We purchased a controlling interest in Tridien from CGI on August 1, 2006.
Industry
The medical support
surfaces industry is fragmented and comprised of many small participants and niche manufacturers. Tridiens consolidation platform allows customers to source all leading support surface technologies for the acute care, long term care and home
health care from a single source. Tridien is a vertically integrated
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company with engineering, design and research, manufacturing and support performed in house to quickly bring new, innovative products and technologies to market while maintaining high quality
standards in its manufacturing process.
Immobility caused by injury, old age, chronic illness or obesity is the main cause for the
development of pressure ulcers. In these cases, the person lying in the same position for a long period of time puts pressure on the bony prominence of the body surface. This pressure, if continued for a sustained period, can close blood capillaries
that provide oxygen and nutrition to the skin. Over a period of time, these cells deprived of oxygen, begin to break down and form sores. In addition to constant or excessive pressure, other contributing factors to the development of pressure ulcers
include heat, moisture, friction and sheer, or pull on the skin due to the underlying fabric.
The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in acute
care facilities has been seen as high as 34%, with costs of treatment as high as $70,000 per ulcer, causing an estimated burden of an additional 22 million Medicare hospital days. Further it has been reported that another 2% to 28% of all
nursing home patients suffer from pressure ulcers. We believe that providing the right therapeutic support surfaces is a necessary intervention for these ulcers. Management believes the need for medical support surfaces will continue to grow due to
several favorable demographic and industry trends including the increasing incidence of obesity in the United States, increasing life expectancies and an increasing emphasis on prevention of pressure ulcers by hospitals and long term care
facilities.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, between the years 1980 and 2000, obesity rates more than doubled
among adults in the United States. Studies have shown that this increase in obesity has been a key factor in rising medical costs over the last 15 years. According to one study done at Emory University, increases in obesity rates have accounted for
27% of the increase in health care spending between 1987 and 2001. As an individuals weight increases, so too does the probability that the individual will become immobile and, according to studies performed at the University of North
Carolina, greater than 40% of obese adults aged 54 to 73 were at least partially immobile. As individuals become less mobile, they are more likely to require either preventative mattresses to better disperse weight and reduce pressure areas or
therapeutic mattresses to shift weight and pressure. Similar to how obesity increases the occurrence of immobility, so too does an aging society. As life expectancy expands in the U.S. due to improved health care and nutrition, so too does the
probability that an individual will be immobile for a portion of their lives. In addition, as individuals age, skin becomes more susceptible to breakdown increasing the likelihood of developing pressure ulcers.
Beyond favorable demographic trends, Tridiens management believes healthcare institutions are placing an increased emphasis on the prevention of
pressure ulcers. According to Medicare guidelines, hospitals are no longer able to be reimbursed for the treatment of in-house acquired wounds, resulting in continued focus by hospitals in preventing and treating such wounds. The end result is that
if an at-risk patient develops pressure ulcers while at the hospital; the hospital is required to bear the cost of healing. As a result of increasing litigation and the high cost of healing pressures ulcers, healthcare institutions are now focusing
on using pressure relief equipment to reduce the incidence of in-house acquired pressure ulcers.
Products and Services
Specialty beds, mattress replacements and mattress overlays (i.e. therapeutic surfaces) are the primary products currently available
for pressure relief and pressure reduction to treat and prevent decubitus ulcers. The market for specialty beds and therapeutic surfaces include the acute care centers, long-term care centers, nursing home centers and home healthcare settings.
Medical therapeutic surfaces are designed to have preventative and/or therapeutic uses. The basic product categories are as follows:
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Powered Support Surfaces:
Mattresses which can be used for therapy or prevention and are typically manufactured using an electronic power source
with air cylinders or a combination of air cylinders and foam and provide Alternating Pressure, Low Air Loss, or Lateral Rotation. Alternating Pressure Systems are designed to inflate alternate cylinders while contiguous cylinders deflate in an
alternating pattern. The alternating inflation and deflation prevents sustained pressure on an area of skin by shifting pressure from one area to another. This type of therapy provides movement under the patients skin to eliminate both
excessive and constant pressure, the leading cause of pressure ulcers. The powered control unit provides automatic changes in the distribution of air pressure. Tridiens Alternating Pressure Systems in the SenTech
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line incorporate its intellectual property in the way these automatic changes take place. This patented technology allows for a more comfortable surface with aggressive therapeutic alternating
pressure. Another typical type of powered surface is Lateral Rotation which can aid in laterally turning a patient to reduce risks associated with fluid building up in a patients lungs. A feature often found in Powered Surfaces is Low Air Loss
that allows air to flow from the mattress to address the moisture and temperature environment on the patients skin, contributing factors to pressure ulcers. Tridien currently produces patented designs for the performance of both Alternating
Pressure and Low Air Loss mattress systems which management believes provides the optimum healing therapy for the patient. Powered support surfaces are typically used in acute care settings and when more aggressive therapy is needed. Powered Support
Surfaces represented approximately 18.7% of net sales in 2012 and 19.6% of net sales in 2011 and 2010.
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Non-Powered Support Surfaces:
Consists of mattresses which have no powered elements. Their support material can be composed of foam, air, water,
gel or a combination of these. In the case of water, air or gel materials, they are held in place with containment bladders. Non-powered mattress replacement systems help redistribute a patients body weight to lessen forces on pressure points
by envelopment into the surface. These products address the excessive pressure under a patient, but do not address the constant pressure applied to an area. Non-powered surfaces are generally used for prevention rather than treatment and currently
comprise the majority of support surfaces. Currently Tridien manufactures a broad range of non-powered mattress systems using air, foam and gel. Non- powered support surfaces represented 53.6%, 53.1% and 53.2% of net sales in each of the years ended
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
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Positioning devices:
Positioning devices are used to position patients for procedures as well as to minimize the likelihood of developing a
pressure ulcer during those procedures. Tridien offers a complete range of foam positioning devices. Patient positioning devices represented 27.7%, 27.3% and 25.6% of net sales in each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010,
respectively.
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Competition
The competition in the medical support surfaces market is based predominantly on product performance, features, price and durability. Other factors may include the technological ability of a manufacturer
to customize their product offering to meet the needs of large distributors. Tridien competes with manufacturers of varying sizes who then sell predominantly through distributors to the acute care, long term care and home health care markets.
Specific competitors include, Span America and other smaller competitors. Tridien differentiates itself from these competitors based on its patented technologies, quality of the products it manufacturers as well as its design and engineering
capabilities to produce a full spectrum of surfaces that provide the greatest therapeutic outcome for every price point. While many competitors specialize in the production of a single type of support surface, and often outsource certain
manufacturing as skills required to develop and manufacture products vary by materials used, Tridien is able to offer its customers a full spectrum of support surfaces nationwide.
Span America Medical Systems (NASDAQ: SPAN):
($76 million in fiscal 2012 sales) Span Americas medical division includes the sales of skin care products, bedside mats, and foam mattress
overlays and replacement mattresses, including the PressureGuard therapeutic mattress, Span-Aid patient positioners (used to elevate and support body parts) and Dish pressure-relief seat cushions to aid wound healing. Span America reported that
approximately 30% of their revenue in 2012 was attributed to their therapeutic support surface segment. Span America also supplies safety catheters and makes specialty packaging products for use in outdoor furniture.
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Business Strategies
Tridiens management is focused on strategies to grow revenues, improve operating efficiency and improving gross margins. Of particular note, Tridien has completed four acquisitions since its
inception and has achieved numerous benefits to this consolidation within the support surfaces industry. The following is a discussion of these strategies:
Offer customers high quality, consistent product, on a national basis
Products produced by Tridien and its competitors are typically bulky in nature and may not be conducive to shipping.
Management believes that many of its competitors do not have the scale or resources required to produce support surfaces for national distributors and believes that customers value manufacturers with the scale and sophistication required to meet
these needs. Tridien offers its customers the highest standards of quality through its robust Quality Management Systems. All Tridien facilities are ISO 13485 registered.
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Leverage scale to provide industry leading research and development
Medical therapeutic surfaces are becoming increasingly
technologically advanced. Tridiens management believes that many smaller competitors do not have the resources required to effectively meet the changing needs of their customers and believes that increased scale and investments in engineering
and technology will allow it to better serve its customers through industry leading research, technology and development.
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Pursue cost savings through scale purchasing and operational improvements
Many of the products used to manufacture medical support
surfaces are standard in nature and management believes that increased scale achieved through acquisitions will allow it to benefit from lower cost of materials and therefore lower cost of sales.
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Research and Development
Tridien
develops surfaces both independently and in partnership with large distribution intermediaries. Initial steps of product development are typically made independently. Larger distribution market participants will typically require further product
development testing to ensure mattress systems have the desired properties while smaller distributors will tend to buy more standardized products, especially on the non-powered products. Tridien has dedicated professionals, including individuals
focused on process engineering, design engineering, and electrical engineering, working on the development of the companys next generation of therapeutic surfaces and is currently investing in its future focus of advanced wound care
technologies.
Tridien is working to develop the next generation of products in surfaces. The new product development process often requires 2
to 6 months for prevention products and 12 to 24 months for treatment products, of research, engineering and testing cooperation. Tridien will provide technical support and repair services for its products as well, a differentiating characteristic
valued by its customers. The expected increase in spending will allow Tridien to focus on the next generation products. During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Tridien incurred $2.1 million, $1.8 million and $1.3 million,
respectively, in research and development costs.
Sales and Marketing
Support surfaces are primarily sold through distributors, who either rent or sell to acute care (hospitals) facilities, long term care facilities and home health care organizations. The acute care
distribution market for support surfaces is dominated by large suppliers such as Stryker Corporation and Hill-Rom Holdings Inc. Other national distributors usually provide specific types of support surface technology. Beyond national distribution
intermediaries there are numerous smaller more regional distributors who will purchase support surfaces developed by Tridien as certain brand lines are known in the market as providing proven therapy.
Tridien has developed a full range of support surface products that are sold or rented to healthcare distributors and occasionally sold directly to the
end customer. Tridien also provides technical support and repair services for its products, an offering valued by all customers. While contracts with large distributors typically do not include minimum purchase orders, agreements typically call for
rolling forecasts of orders to be given at the end of each month for the following three months.
Customers
During the fourth quarter of 2010 two of Tridiens largest customers merged. The combined entity accounted for 33.4%, 38.2% and 39.1% of gross sales
in 2012., 2011 and 2010, respectively. Another customer accounted for 26.0%, 25.2% and 24.0% of sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Approximately 66.6%, 64.1% and 63.5% of Tridiens sales have been to its three largest customers in
2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Tridiens top ten customers accounted for 79.7%, 84.5% and 82.8% of gross sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Substantially all revenue is derived from sales within the United States.
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Tridien had approximately $2.4 million and $1.6 million in firm backlog orders at December 31, 2012 and
2011, respectively.
Suppliers
Tridiens two primary raw materials used in manufacturing are polyurethane foam and fabric (primarily nylon and polycarbonate fabrics). Among Tridiens largest raw material suppliers are Foamex
International, Inc., Dartex Coatings, Inc. and Uretek, LLC. Tridien uses multiple suppliers for foam and fabric and believes that these raw materials are in adequate supply and are available from many suppliers at competitive prices. We expect these
costs, particularly those related to polyurethane foam to increase during fiscal 2012 due to recent trends in related commodity prices. Actions taken by manufacturers of petro-chemical commodities such as capacity reductions could influence price
changes from our supplier. The cost of raw materials as a percentage of sales was approximately 48% of gross sales in fiscal 2012, 48% of gross sales in fiscal 2011 and 46% of gross sales in fiscal 2010.
Intellectual Property
Tridien
has 12 patents issued, filed from 1996 to 2005, and has 12 filed and pending patents.
Regulatory Environment
The FDCA, and regulations issued or proposed there under, provide for regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the marketing, manufacture,
labeling, packaging and distribution of medical devices, including Tridiens products. These regulations require, among other things that medical device manufacturers register with the FDA, list devices manufactured by them, and file various
inspections by regulatory authorities and must comply with good manufacturing practices as required by the FDA and state regulatory authorities. Tridiens management believes that the company is in substantial compliance with all applicable
regulations.
Employees
As of December 31, 2012, Tridien employed 284 persons in all its locations together with 77 temporary employees. None of Tridiens employees are
subject to collective bargaining agreements. We believe that Tridiens relationship with its employees is good.
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ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS
Risks Related to Our Business and Structure
We are a Company with limited history and may not be able to continue to successfully manage our businesses on a combined basis.
We were formed on November 18, 2005 and have conducted operations since May 16, 2006. Although our management team has extensive experience in acquiring and managing small and middle market
businesses, our failure to continue to develop and maintain effective systems and procedures, including accounting and financial reporting systems, to manage our operations as a consolidated public company, may negatively impact our ability to
optimize the performance of our Company, which could adversely affect our ability to pay distributions to our shareholders. In addition, in that case, our consolidated financial statements might not be indicative of our financial condition, business
and results of operations.
Our future success is dependent on the employees of our Manager and the management teams of our businesses,
the loss of any of whom could materially adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.
Our future
success depends, to a significant extent, on the continued services of the employees of our Manager, most of whom have worked together for a number of years. While our Manager will have employment agreements with certain of its employees, including
our Chief Financial Officer, these employment agreements may not prevent our Managers employees from leaving or from competing with us in the future. Our Manager does not have an employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer.
The future success of our businesses also depends on their respective management teams because we operate our businesses on a stand-alone
basis, primarily relying on existing management teams for management of their day-to-day operations. Consequently, their operational success, as well as the success of our internal growth strategy, will be dependent on the continued efforts of the
management teams of the businesses. We provide such persons with equity incentives in their respective businesses and have employment agreements and/or non-competition agreements with certain persons we have identified as key to their businesses.
However, these measures may not prevent the departure of these managers. The loss of services of one or more members of our management team or the management team at one of our businesses could materially adversely affect our financial condition,
business and results of operations.
We face risks with respect to the evaluation and management of future platform or add-on
acquisitions.
A component of our strategy is to continue to acquire additional platform subsidiaries, as well as add-on businesses
for our existing businesses. Generally, because such acquisition targets are held privately, we may experience difficulty in evaluating potential target businesses as the information concerning these businesses is not publicly available. In
addition, we and our subsidiary companies may have difficulty effectively managing or integrating acquisitions. We may experience greater than expected costs or difficulties relating to such acquisition, in which case, we might not achieve the
anticipated returns from any particular acquisition, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, business and results of operations.
We may not be able to successfully fund future acquisitions of new businesses due to the lack of availability of debt or equity financing at the Company level on acceptable terms, which could impede
the implementation of our acquisition strategy and materially adversely impact our financial condition, business and results of operations.
In order to make future acquisitions, we intend to raise capital primarily through debt financing at the Company level, additional equity offerings, the sale of stock or assets of our businesses, and by
offering equity in the Trust or our businesses to the sellers of target businesses or by undertaking a combination of any of the above. Since the timing and size of acquisitions cannot be readily predicted, we may need to be able to obtain funding
on short notice to benefit fully from attractive acquisition opportunities. Such funding may not be available on acceptable terms. In
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addition, the level of our indebtedness may impact our ability to borrow at the Company level. Another source of capital for us may be the sale of additional shares, subject to market conditions
and investor demand for the shares at prices that we consider to be in the interests of our shareholders. These risks may materially adversely affect our ability to pursue our acquisition strategy successfully and materially adversely affect our
financial condition, business and results of operations.
While we intend to make regular cash distributions to our shareholders, the
Companys board of directors has full authority and discretion over the distributions of the Company, other than the profit allocation, and it may decide to reduce or eliminate distributions at any time, which may materially adversely affect
the market price for our shares.
To date, we have declared and paid quarterly distributions, and although we intend to pursue a
policy of paying regular distributions, the Companys board of directors has full authority and discretion to determine whether or not a distribution by the Company should be declared and paid to the Trust and in turn to our shareholders, as
well as the amount and timing of any distribution. In addition, the management fee, profit allocation and put price will be payment obligations of the Company and, as a result, will be paid, along with other Company obligations, prior to the payment
of distributions to our shareholders. The Companys board of directors may, based on their review of our financial condition and results of operations and pending acquisitions, determine to reduce or eliminate distributions, which may have a
material adverse effect on the market price of our shares.
We will rely entirely on receipts from our businesses to make distributions
to our shareholders.
The Trusts sole asset is its interest in the Company, which holds controlling interests in our businesses.
Therefore, we are dependent upon the ability of our businesses to generate earnings and cash flow and distribute them to us in the form of interest and principal payments on indebtedness and, from time to time, dividends on equity to enable us,
first, to satisfy our financial obligations and, second to make distributions to our shareholders. This ability may be subject to limitations under laws of the jurisdictions in which they are incorporated or organized. If, as a consequence of these
various restrictions, we are unable to generate sufficient receipts from our businesses, we may not be able to declare, or may have to delay or cancel payment of, distributions to our shareholders.
We do not own 100% of our businesses. While the Company is to receive cash payments from our businesses which are in the form of interest payments, debt
repayment and dividends, if any dividends were to be paid by our businesses, they would be shared pro rata with the minority shareholders of our businesses and the amounts of dividends made to minority shareholders would not be available to us for
any purpose, including Company debt service or distributions to our shareholders. Any proceeds from the sale of a business will be allocated among us and the minority shareholders of the business that is sold.
The Companys board of directors has the power to change the terms of our shares in its sole discretion in ways with which you may disagree.
As an owner of our shares, you may disagree with changes made to the terms of our shares, and you may disagree with the
Companys board of directors decision that the changes made to the terms of the shares are not materially adverse to you as a shareholder or that they do not alter the characterization of the Trust. Your recourse, if you disagree, will be
limited because our Trust Agreement gives broad authority and discretion to our board of directors. However, the Trust Agreement does not relieve the Companys board of directors from any fiduciary obligation that is imposed on them pursuant to
applicable law. In addition, we may change the nature of the shares to be issued to raise additional equity and remain a fixed-investment trust for tax purposes.
Certain provisions of the LLC Agreement of the Company and the Trust Agreement make it difficult for third parties to acquire control of the Trust and the Company and could deprive you of the
opportunity to obtain a takeover premium for your shares.
The amended and restated LLC Agreement of the Company, which we refer to as
the LLC Agreement, and the amended and restated Trust Agreement of the Trust, which we refer to as the Trust Agreement, contain a number of provisions that could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or may discourage a third party
from acquiring, control of the Trust and the Company. These provisions include, among others:
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restrictions on the Companys ability to enter into certain transactions with our major shareholders, with the exception of our Manager, modeled
on the limitation contained in Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL;
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allowing only the Companys board of directors to fill newly created directorships, for those directors who are elected by our shareholders, and
allowing only our Manager, as holder of the Allocation Interests, to fill vacancies with respect to the class of directors appointed by our Manager;
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requiring that directors elected by our shareholders be removed, with or without cause, only by a vote of 85% of our shareholders;
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requiring advance notice for nominations of candidates for election to the Companys board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted
upon by our shareholders at a shareholders meeting;
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having a substantial number of additional authorized but unissued shares that may be issued without shareholder action;
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providing the Companys board of directors with certain authority to amend the LLC Agreement and the Trust Agreement, subject to certain voting
and consent rights of the holders of trust interests and Allocation Interests;
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providing for a staggered board of directors of the Company, the effect of which could be to deter a proxy contest for control of the Companys
board of directors or a hostile takeover; and
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limitations regarding calling special meetings and written consents of our shareholders.
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These provisions, as well as other provisions in the LLC Agreement and Trust Agreement may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control
that might otherwise result in you obtaining a takeover premium for your shares.
We may have conflicts of interest with the
noncontrolling shareholders of our businesses.
The boards of directors of our respective businesses have fiduciary duties to all
their shareholders, including the Company and noncontrolling shareholders. As a result, they may make decisions that are in the best interests of their shareholders generally but which are not necessarily in the best interest of the Company or our
shareholders. In dealings with the Company, the directors of our businesses may have conflicts of interest and decisions may have to be made without the participation of directors appointed by the Company, and such decisions may be different from
those that we would make.
Our third party credit facility exposes us to additional risks associated with leverage and inhibits our
operating flexibility and reduces cash flow available for distributions to our shareholders.
At December 31, 2012, we had
approximately $252.2 million outstanding under our Term Loan Facility and $24.0 million outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility. We expect to increase our level of debt in the future. The terms of our Revolving Credit Facility contains
a number of affirmative and restrictive covenants that, among other things, require us to:
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maintain a minimum level of cash flow;
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leverage new businesses we acquire to a minimum specified level at the time of acquisition;
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keep our total debt to cash flow at or below a ratio of 3.5 to 1; and
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make acquisitions that satisfy certain specified minimum criteria.
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If we violate any of these covenants, our lender may accelerate the maturity of any debt outstanding and we
may be prohibited from making any distributions to our shareholders. Such debt is secured by all of our assets, including the stock we own in our businesses and the rights we have under the loan agreements with our businesses. Our ability to meet
our debt service obligations may be affected by events beyond our control and will depend primarily upon cash produced by our businesses. Any failure to comply with the terms of our indebtedness could materially adversely affect us.
Changes in interest rates could materially adversely affect us.
Our Credit Facility bears interest at floating rates which will generally change as interest rates change. We bear the risk that the rates we are charged by our lender will increase faster than the
earnings and cash flow of our businesses, which could reduce profitability, adversely affect our ability to service our debt, cause us to breach covenants contained in our Revolving Credit Facility and reduce cash flow available for distribution,
any of which could materially adversely affect us.
We may engage in a business transaction with one or more target businesses that have
relationships with our officers, our directors, our Manager or CGI, which may create potential conflicts of interest.
We may decide
to acquire one or more businesses with which our officers, our directors, our Manager or CGI have a relationship. While we might obtain a fairness opinion from an independent investment banking firm, potential conflicts of interest may still exist
with respect to a particular acquisition, and, as a result, the terms of the acquisition of a target business may not be as advantageous to our shareholders as it would have been absent any conflicts of interest.
We are exposed to risks relating to evaluations of controls required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
We are required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. While we have concluded that at December 31, 2012, we have no
material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting we cannot assure you that we will not have a material weakness in the future. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies
that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. If we fail to maintain a system of internal controls over financial reporting that meets the
requirements of Section 404, we might be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities such as the SEC or by the New York Stock Exchange. Additionally, failure to comply with Section 404 or the report by us of a material
weakness may cause investors to lose confidence in our financial statements and our stock price may be adversely affected. If we fail to remedy any material weakness, our financial statements may be inaccurate, we may not have access to the capital
markets, and our stock price may be adversely affected
CGI may exercise significant influence over the Company.
CGI, through a wholly owned subsidiary, owns 7,931,000 or approximately 16.4% of our shares and may have significant influence over the election of
directors in the future.
If, in the future, we cease to control and operate our businesses, we may be deemed to be an investment
company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Under the terms of the LLC Agreement, we have the latitude to make
investments in businesses that we will not operate or control. If we make significant investments in businesses that we do not operate or control or cease to operate and control our businesses, we may be deemed to be an investment company under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. If we were deemed to be an investment
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company, we would either have to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, obtain exemptive relief from the SEC or modify our investments or organizational structure or
our contract rights to fall outside the definition of an investment company. Registering as an investment company could, among other things, materially adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations, materially limit
our ability to borrow funds or engage in other transactions involving leverage and require us to add directors who are independent of us or our Manager and otherwise will subject us to additional regulation that will be costly and time-consuming.
Risks Relating to Our Manager
Our Chief Executive Officer, directors, Manager and management team may allocate some of their time to other businesses, thereby causing conflicts
of interest in their determination as to how much time to devote to our affairs, which may materially adversely affect our operations.
While the members of our management team anticipate devoting a substantial amount of their time to the affairs of the Company, only Mr. James
Bottiglieri, our Chief Financial Officer, devotes substantially all of his time to our affairs. Our Chief Executive Officer, directors, Manager and members of our management team may engage in other business activities. This may result in a
conflict of interest in allocating their time between our operations and our management and operations of other businesses. Their other business endeavors may be related to CGI, which will continue to own several businesses that were managed by our
management team prior to our initial public offering, or affiliates of CGI as well as other parties. Conflicts of interest that arise over the allocation of time may not always be resolved in our favor and may materially adversely affect our
operations. See the section entitled Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions for the potential conflicts of interest of which you should be aware.
Our Manager and its affiliates, including members of our management team, may engage in activities that compete with us or our businesses.
While our management team intends to devote a substantial majority of their time to the affairs of the Company, and while our Manager and its affiliates
currently do not manage any other businesses that are in similar lines of business as our businesses, and while our Manager must present all opportunities that meet the Companys acquisition and disposition criteria to the Companys board
of directors, neither our management team nor our Manager is expressly prohibited from investing in or managing other entities, including those that are in the same or similar line of business as our businesses. In this regard, the management
services agreement and the obligation to provide management services will not create a mutually exclusive relationship between our Manager and its affiliates, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other.
Our Manager need not present an acquisition or disposition opportunity to us if our Manager determines on its own that such acquisition or
disposition opportunity does not meet the Companys acquisition or disposition criteria.
Our Manager will review any acquisition
or disposition opportunity presented to the Manager to determine if it satisfies the Companys acquisition or disposition criteria, as established by the Companys board of directors from time to time. If our Manager determines, in its
sole discretion, that an opportunity fits our criteria, our Manager will refer the opportunity to the Companys board of directors for its authorization and approval prior to the consummation thereof; opportunities that our Manager determines
do not fit our criteria do not need to be presented to the Companys board of directors for consideration. If such an opportunity is ultimately profitable, we will have not participated in such opportunity. Upon a determination by the
Companys board of directors not to promptly pursue an opportunity presented to it by our Manager in whole or in part, our Manager will be unrestricted in its ability to pursue such opportunity, or any part that we do not promptly pursue, on
its own or refer such opportunity to other entities, including its affiliates.
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We cannot remove our Manager solely for poor performance, which could limit our ability to improve our
performance and could materially adversely affect the market price of our shares.
Under the terms of the management services
agreement, our Manager cannot be removed as a result of underperformance. Instead, the Companys board of directors can only remove our Manager in certain limited circumstances or upon a vote by the majority of the Companys board of
directors and the majority of our shareholders to terminate the management services agreement. This limitation could materially adversely affect the market price of our shares.
If the management services agreement is terminated, our Manager, as holder of the Allocation Interests in the Company, has the right to cause the Company to purchase such Allocation Interests, which
may materially adversely affect our liquidity and ability to grow.
If the management services agreement is terminated at any time
other than as a result of our Managers resignation or if our Manager resigns on any date that is at least three years after the closing of our initial public offering, our Manager will have the right, but not the obligation, for one year from
the date of termination or resignation, as the case may be, to cause the Company to purchase the Allocation Interests for the put price. If our Manager elects to cause the Company to purchase its Allocation Interests, we are obligated to do so and,
until we have done so, our ability to conduct our business, including incurring debt, would be restricted and, accordingly, our liquidity and ability to grow may be adversely affected.
Our Manager can resign on 90 days notice and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could materially
adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations as well as the market price of our shares.
Our Manager
has the right, under the management services agreement, to resign at any time on 90 days written notice, whether we have found a replacement or not. If our Manager resigns, we may not be able to contract with a new manager or hire
internal management with similar expertise and ability to provide the same or equivalent services on acceptable terms within 90 days, or at all, in which case our operations are likely to experience a disruption, our financial condition,
business and results of operations as well as our ability to pay distributions are likely to be adversely affected and the market price of our shares may decline. In addition, the coordination of our internal management, acquisition activities and
supervision of our businesses is likely to suffer if we are unable to identify and reach an agreement with a single institution or group of executives having the expertise possessed by our Manager and its affiliates. Even if we are able to retain
comparable management, whether internal or external, the integration of such management and their lack of familiarity with our businesses may result in additional costs and time delays that could materially adversely affect our financial condition,
business and results of operations.
The liability associated with the supplemental put agreement is difficult to estimate and may be
subject to substantial period-to-period changes, thereby significantly impacting our future results of operations.
The Company will
record the supplemental put agreement at its fair value at each balance sheet date by recording any change in fair value through its income statement. The fair value of the supplemental put agreement is largely related to the value of the profit
allocation that our Manager, as holder of Allocation Interests, will receive. The valuation of the supplemental put agreement requires the use of complex financial models, which require sensitive assumptions and estimates. If our assumptions and
estimates result in an over-estimation or under-estimation of the fair value of the supplemental put agreement, the resulting fluctuation in related liabilities could cause a material adverse effect on our future results of operations.
We must pay our Manager the management fee regardless of our performance.
Our Manager is entitled to receive a management fee that is based on our adjusted net assets, as defined in the management services agreement, regardless of the performance of our businesses. The
calculation of the management fee is unrelated to the Companys net income. As a result, the management fee may incentivize our Manager to increase the amount of our assets, for example, the acquisition of additional assets or the incurrence of
third party debt rather than increase the performance of our businesses.
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We cannot determine the amount of the management fee that will be paid over time with any certainty.
The management fee paid to CGM for the year ended December 31, 2012, was $17.8 million. The management fee is calculated by
reference to the Companys adjusted net assets, which will be impacted by the acquisition or disposition of businesses, which can be significantly influenced by our Manager, as well as the performance of our businesses and other businesses we
may acquire in the future. Changes in adjusted net assets and in the resulting management fee could be significant, resulting in a material adverse effect on the Companys results of operations. In addition, if the performance of the Company
declines, assuming adjusted net assets remains the same, management fees will increase as a percentage of the Companys net income.
We cannot determine the amount of profit allocation that will be paid over time with any certainty.
We cannot determine the amount of profit allocation that will be paid over time with any certainty. Such determination would be dependent on the
potential sale proceeds received for any of our businesses and the performance of the Company and its businesses over a multi-year period of time, among other factors that cannot be predicted with certainty at this time. Such factors may have a
significant impact on the amount of any profit allocation to be paid. Likewise, such determination would be dependent on whether certain hurdles were surpassed giving rise to a payment of profit allocation. Any amounts paid in respect of the profit
allocation are unrelated to the management fee earned for performance of services under the management services agreement.
The fees to
be paid to our Manager pursuant to the management services agreement, the offsetting management services agreements and transaction services agreements and the profit allocation to be paid to our Manager, as holder of the Allocation Interests,
pursuant to the LLC Agreement may significantly reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our shareholders.
Under the
management services agreement, the Company will be obligated to pay a management fee to and, subject to certain conditions, reimburse the costs and out-of-pocket expenses of our Manager incurred on behalf of the Company in connection with the
provision of services to the Company. Similarly, our businesses will be obligated to pay fees to and reimburse the costs and expenses of our Manager pursuant to any offsetting management services agreements entered into between our Manager and one
of our businesses, or any transaction services agreements to which such businesses are a party. In addition, our Manager, as holder of the Allocation Interests, will be entitled to receive profit allocations and may be entitled to receive the put
price. While it is difficult to quantify with any certainty the actual amount of any such payments in the future, we do expect that such amounts could be substantial. See the section entitled Certain Relationships and Related Party
Transactions for more information about these payment obligations of the Company. The management fee, profit allocation and put price will be payment obligations of the Company and, as a result, will be paid, along with other Company
obligations, prior to the payment of distributions to shareholders. As a result, the payment of these amounts may significantly reduce the amount of cash flow available for distribution to our shareholders.
Our Managers influence on conducting our operations, including on our conducting of transactions, gives it the ability to increase its fees,
which may reduce the amount of cash flow available for distribution to our shareholders.
Under the terms of the management services
agreement, our Manager is paid a management fee calculated as a percentage of the Companys adjusted net assets for certain items and is unrelated to net income or any other performance base or measure. Our Manager, controls, may advise us to
consummate transactions, incur third party debt or conduct our operations in a manner that, in our Managers reasonable discretion, are necessary to the future growth of our businesses and are in the best interests of our shareholders. These
transactions, however, may increase the amount of fees paid to our Manager. Our Managers ability to increase its fees, through the influence it has over our operations, may increase the compensation paid by our Manager. Our Managers
ability to influence the management fee paid to it by us could reduce the amount of cash flow available for distribution to our shareholders.
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Fees paid by the Company and our businesses pursuant to transaction services agreements do not offset
fees payable under the management services agreement and will be in addition to the management fee payable by the Company under the management services agreement.
The management services agreement provides that our businesses may enter into transaction services agreements with our Manager pursuant to which our businesses will pay fees to our Manager. See the
section entitled Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions for more information about these agreements. Unlike fees paid under the offsetting management services agreements, fees that are paid pursuant to such transaction
services agreements will not reduce the management fee payable by the Company. Therefore, such fees will be in excess of the management fee payable by the Company.
The fees to be paid to our Manager pursuant to these transaction service agreements will be paid prior to any principal, interest or dividend payments to be paid to the Company by our businesses, which
will reduce the amount of cash flow available for distributions to shareholders.
Our Managers profit allocation may induce it to
make suboptimal decisions regarding our operations.
Our Manager, as holder of 100% of the Allocation Interests in the Company, will
receive a profit allocation based on ongoing cash flows and capital gains in excess of a hurdle rate. In this respect, a calculation and payment of profit allocation may be triggered upon the sale of one of our businesses. As a result, our Manager
may be incentivized to recommend the sale of one or more of our businesses to the Companys board of directors at a time that may not be optimal for our shareholders.
The obligations to pay the management fee and profit allocation, including the put price, may cause the Company to liquidate assets or incur debt.
If we do not have sufficient liquid assets to pay the management fee and profit allocation, including the put price, when such payments are due, we may
be required to liquidate assets or incur debt in order to make such payments. This circumstance could materially adversely affect our liquidity and ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
Risks Related to Taxation
Our
shareholders will be subject to tax on their share of the Companys taxable income, which taxes or taxable income could exceed the cash distributions they receive from the Trust.
For so long as the Company or the Trust (if it is treated as a tax partnership) would not be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and at least 90% of our
gross income for each taxable year constitutes qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), on a continuing basis, we will be treated, for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. In that case our shareholders will be subject to U.S. federal income tax and, possibly, state, local and foreign
income tax, on their share of the Companys taxable income, which taxes or taxable income could exceed the cash distributions they receive from the Trust. There is, accordingly, a risk that our shareholders may not receive cash distributions
equal to their portion of our taxable income or sufficient in amount even to satisfy their personal tax liability those results from that income. This may result from gains on the sale or exchange of stock or debt of subsidiaries that will be
allocated to shareholders who hold (or are deemed to hold) shares on the day such gains were realized if there is no corresponding distribution of the proceeds from such sales, or where a shareholder disposes of shares after an allocation of gain
but before proceeds (if any) are distributed by the Company. Shareholders may also realize income in excess of distributions due to the Companys use of cash from operations or sales proceeds for uses other than to make distributions to
shareholders, including funding acquisitions, satisfying short- and long-term working capital needs of our businesses, or satisfying known or unknown liabilities. In addition, certain financial covenants with the Companys lenders may limit or
prohibit the distribution of cash to shareholders. The Companys board of directors is also free to change the Companys distribution policy. The Company is under no obligation to make distributions to shareholders equal to or in excess of
their portion of our taxable income or sufficient in amount even to satisfy the tax liability that results from that income.
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All of the Companys income could be subject to an entity-level tax in the United States, which
could result in a material reduction in cash flow available for distribution to holders of shares of the Trust and thus could result in a substantial reduction in the value of the shares.
We do not expect the Company to be characterized as a corporation so long as it would not be required to register as an investment company under the
Investment Company Act of 1940 and 90% or more of its gross income for each taxable year constitutes qualifying income. The Company expects to receive more than 90% of its gross income each year from dividends, interest and gains on
sales of stock or debt instruments, including principally from or with respect to stock or debt of corporations in which the Company holds a majority interest. The Company intends to treat all such dividends, interest and gains as qualifying
income.
If the Company fails to satisfy this qualifying income exception, the Company will be treated as a corporation for
U.S. federal (and certain state and local) income tax purposes, and would be required to pay income tax at regular corporate rates on its income. Taxation of the Company as a corporation could result in a material reduction in distributions to
our shareholders and after-tax return and, thus, could likely result in a reduction in the value of, or materially adversely affect the market price of, the shares of the Trust.
A shareholder may recognize a greater taxable gain (or a smaller tax loss) on a disposition of shares than expected because of the treatment of debt under the partnership tax accounting rules.
We may incur debt for a variety of reasons, including for acquisitions as well as other purposes. Under partnership tax accounting
principles (which apply to the Company), debt of the Company generally will be allocable to our shareholders, who will realize the benefit of including their allocable share of the debt in the tax basis of their investment in shares. At the time a
shareholder later sells shares, the selling shareholders amount realized on the sale will include not only the sales price of the shares but also the shareholders portion of the Companys debt allocable to his shares (which is
treated as proceeds from the sale of those shares). Depending on the nature of the Companys activities after having incurred the debt, and the utilization of the borrowed funds, a later sale of shares could result in a larger taxable gain (or
a smaller tax loss) than anticipated.
Our structure involves complex provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear
precedent or authority may be available. Our structure also is subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative change and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis.
The U.S. federal income tax treatment of holders of the Shares depends in some instances on determinations of fact and interpretations of complex
provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. You should be aware that the U.S. federal income tax rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process, the IRS, and
the U.S. Treasury Department, frequently resulting in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. The IRS pays close attention to the proper application of
tax laws to partnerships. The present U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in the Shares may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial interpretation at any time, and any such action may affect investments and commitments
previously made. For example, changes to the U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations thereof could make it more difficult or impossible to meet the qualifying income exception for us to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax
purposes that is not taxable as a corporation, affect or cause us to change our investments and commitments, affect the tax considerations of an investment in us and adversely affect an investment in our Shares. Our organizational documents and
agreements permit the Board of Directors to modify our operating agreement from time to time, without the consent of the holders of Shares, in order to address certain changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation. In
some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all of the holders of our Shares. Moreover, we will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules and to report income,
gain, deduction, loss and credit to holders in a manner that reflects such holders beneficial ownership of partnership items, taking into account variation in ownership interests during each taxable year because of trading activity. However,
these assumptions and
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conventions may not be in compliance with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. It is possible that the IRS will assert successfully that the conventions and assumptions used by us do not
satisfy the technical requirements of the Code and/or Treasury regulations and could require that items of income, gain, deductions, loss or credit, including interest deductions, be adjusted, reallocated, or disallowed, in a manner that adversely
affects holders of the Shares.
Risks Relating Generally to Our Businesses
The recent disruption in the overall economy and the financial markets will adversely impact our business.
Many industries, including our businesses, have been affected by current economic factors, including the significant deterioration of global economic conditions, declines in employment levels, and shifts
in consumer spending patterns. The recent disruptions in the overall economy and volatility in the financial markets have greatly reduced, and may continue to reduce, consumer confidence in the economy, negatively affecting consumer spending, which
could be harmful to our financial position. Disruptions in the overall economy may also lead to a lower collection rate on billings as consumers or businesses are unable to pay their bills in a timely fashion. Decreased cash flow generated from our
products may adversely affect our financial position and our ability to fund our operations. In addition, macro-economic disruptions, as well as the restructuring of various commercial and investment banking organizations, could adversely affect our
ability to access the credit markets. The disruption in the credit markets may also adversely affect the availability of financing to support our strategy for growth through future acquisitions. There is a risk that government responses to the
disruptions in the financial markets will not restore consumer confidence, stabilize the markets, or increase liquidity and the availability of credit.
Impairment of our intangible assets could result in significant charges that would adversely impact our future operating results.
We have significant intangible assets, including goodwill with an indefinite life, which are susceptible to valuation adjustments as a result of changes in various factors or conditions. The most
significant intangible assets on our balance sheet are goodwill, technologies, customer relationships and trademarks we acquired when we acquired our businesses. Customer relationships are amortized on a straight line basis based upon the pattern in
which the economic benefits of customer relationships are being utilized. Other identifiable intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. We assess the potential impairment of goodwill and indefinite
lived intangible assets on an annual basis, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We assess definite lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
Factors that could trigger impairment include the following:
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significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results;
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significant changes in the manner of or use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;
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significant negative industry or economic trends;
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significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period;
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changes in our organization or management reporting structure could result in additional reporting units, which may require alternative methods of
estimating fair values or greater desegregation or aggregation in our analysis by reporting unit; and
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a decline in our market capitalization below net book value.
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As of December 31, 2012, we had identified indefinite lived intangible assets with a carrying value in our financial statements of $132.4 million, and goodwill of $257.5 million.
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Further adverse changes in the operations of our businesses or other unforeseeable factors could result in
an impairment charge in future periods that would impact our results of operations and financial position in that period.
Our
businesses are subject to unplanned business interruptions which may adversely affect our performance.
Operational interruptions and
unplanned events at one or more of our production facilities, such as explosions, fires, inclement weather, natural disasters, accidents, transportation interruptions and supply could cause substantial losses in our production capacity. Furthermore,
because customers may be dependent on planned deliveries from us, customers that have to reschedule their own operations due to our delivery delays may be able to pursue financial claims against us, and we may incur costs to correct such problems in
addition to any liability resulting from such claims. Such interruptions may also harm our reputation among actual and potential customers, potentially resulting in a loss of business. To the extent these losses are not covered by insurance, our
financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be adversely affected by such events.
Our businesses rely and may rely on
their intellectual property and licenses to use others intellectual property, for competitive advantage. If our businesses are unable to protect their intellectual property, are unable to obtain or retain licenses to use others
intellectual property, or if they infringe upon or are alleged to have infringed upon others intellectual property, it could have a material adverse effect on their financial condition, business and results of operations.
Each businesses success depends in part on their, or licenses to use others, brand names, proprietary technology and manufacturing
techniques. These businesses rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect their intellectual property rights. The steps they have taken to protect their
intellectual property rights may not prevent third parties from using their intellectual property and other proprietary information without their authorization or independently developing intellectual property and other proprietary information that
is similar. In addition, the laws of foreign countries may not protect our businesses intellectual property rights effectively or to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Stopping unauthorized use of their proprietary information
and intellectual property, and defending claims that they have made unauthorized use of others proprietary information or intellectual property, may be difficult, time-consuming and costly. The use of their intellectual property and other
proprietary information by others, and the use by others of their intellectual property and proprietary information, could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage they have developed, cause them to lose sales or otherwise harm their business.
Our businesses may become involved in legal proceedings and claims in the future either to protect their intellectual property or to defend
allegations that they have infringed upon others intellectual property rights. These claims and any resulting litigation could subject them to significant liability for damages and invalidate their property rights. In addition, these lawsuits,
regardless of their merits, could be time consuming and expensive to resolve and could divert managements time and attention. The costs associated with any of these actions could be substantial and could have a material adverse effect on their
financial condition, business and results of operations.
The operations and research and development of some of our businesses
services and technology depend on the collective experience of their technical employees. If these employees were to leave our businesses and take this knowledge, our businesses operations and their ability to compete effectively could be
materially adversely impacted.
The future success of some of our businesses depends upon the continued service of their technical
personnel who have developed and continue to develop their technology and products. If any of these employees leave our businesses, the loss of their technical knowledge and experience may materially adversely affect the operations and research and
development of current and future services. We may also be unable to attract technical individuals with comparable experience because competition for such technical personnel is intense. If our businesses are not able to replace their technical
personnel with new employees or attract additional technical individuals, their operations may suffer as they may be unable to keep up with innovations in their respective industries. As a result, their ability to continue to compete effectively and
their operations may be materially adversely affected.
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If our businesses are unable to continue the technological innovation and successful commercial
introduction of new products and services, their financial condition, business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
The industries in which our businesses operate, or may operate, experience periodic technological changes and ongoing product improvements. Their results of operations depend significantly on the
development of commercially viable new products, product grades and applications, as well as production technologies and their ability to integrate new technologies. Our future growth will depend on their ability to gauge the direction of the
commercial and technological progress in all key end-use markets and upon their ability to successfully develop, manufacture and market products in such changing end-use markets. In this regard, they must make ongoing capital investments.
In addition, their customers may introduce new generations of their own products, which may require new or increased technological and
performance specifications, requiring our businesses to develop customized products. Our businesses may not be successful in developing new products and technology that satisfy their customers demand and their customers may not accept any of
their new products. If our businesses fail to keep pace with evolving technological innovations or fail to modify their products in response to their customers needs in a timely manner, then their financial condition, business and results of
operations could be materially adversely affected as a result of reduced sales of their products and sunk developmental costs. These developments may require our personnel staffing business to seek better educated and trained workers, who may not be
available in sufficient numbers.
Our businesses could experience fluctuations in the costs of raw materials as a result of inflation
and other economic conditions, which fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on their financial condition, business and results of operations.
Changes in inflation could materially adversely affect the costs and availability of raw materials used in our manufacturing businesses, and changes in fuel costs likely will affect the costs of
transporting materials from our suppliers and shipping goods to our customers, as well as the effective areas from which we can recruit temporary staffing personnel. For example, for Advanced Circuits, the principal raw materials consist of copper
and glass and represent approximately 20% of net sales in 2012. Prices for these key raw materials may fluctuate during periods of high demand. The ability by these businesses to offset the effect of increases in raw material prices by increasing
their prices is uncertain. If these businesses are unable to cover price increases of these raw materials, their financial condition, business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our businesses do not have and may not have long-term contracts with their customers and clients and the loss of customers and clients could
materially adversely affect their financial condition, business and results of operations.
Our businesses are and may be, based
primarily upon individual orders and sales with their customers and clients. Our businesses historically have not entered into long-term supply contracts with their customers and clients. As such, their customers and clients could cease using their
services or buying their products from them at any time and for any reason. The fact that they do not enter into long-term contracts with their customers and clients means that they have no recourse in the event a customer or client no longer wants
to use their services or purchase products from them. If a significant number of their customers or clients elect not to use their services or purchase their products, it could materially adversely affect their financial condition, business and
results of operations.
Our businesses are and may be subject to federal, state and foreign environmental laws and regulations that
expose them to potential financial liability. Complying with applicable environmental laws requires significant resources, and if our businesses fail to comply, they could be subject to substantial liability.
Some of the facilities and operations of our businesses are and may be subject to a variety of federal, state and foreign environmental laws and
regulations including laws and regulations pertaining to the handling, storage and transportation of raw materials, products and wastes, which require and will continue to require significant expenditures to remain in compliance with such laws and
regulations currently in place and in the future.
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Compliance with current and future environmental laws is a major consideration for our businesses as any material violations of these laws can lead to substantial liability, revocations of
discharge permits, fines or penalties. Because some of our businesses use hazardous materials and generate hazardous wastes in their operations, they may be subject to potential financial liability for costs associated with the investigation and
remediation of their own sites, or sites at which they have arranged for the disposal of hazardous wastes, if such sites become contaminated. Even if they fully comply with applicable environmental laws and are not directly at fault for the
contamination, our businesses may still be liable. Costs associated with these risks could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, business and results of operations.
Defects in the products provided by our companies could result in financial or other damages to their customers, which could result in reduced demand for our companies products and/or
liability claims against our companies.
As manufacturers and distributors of consumer products, certain of our companies are subject
to various laws, rules and regulations, which may empower governmental agencies and authorities to exclude from the market products that are found to be unsafe or hazardous. Under certain circumstances, a governmental authority could require our
companies to repurchase or recall one or more of their products. Additionally, laws regulating certain consumer products exist in some cities and states, as well as in other countries in which they sell their products, where more restrictive laws
and regulations exist or may be adopted in the future. Any repurchase or recall of such products could be costly and could damage the reputation of our companies. If any of our companies were required to remove, or voluntarily remove, their
products from the market, their reputation may be tarnished and they may have large quantities of finished products that they cannot sell. Additionally, our companies may be subject to regulatory actions that could harm their reputations,
adversely impact the values of their brands and/or increase the cost of production.
Our companies also face exposure to product liability
claims in the event that one of their products is alleged to have resulted in property damage, bodily injury or other adverse effects. Defects in products could result in customer dissatisfaction or a reduction in, or cancellation of, future
purchases or liability claims against our companies. If these defects occur frequently, our reputation may be impaired permanently. Defects in products could also result in financial or other damages to customers, for which our companies may be
asked or required to compensate their customers, in the form of substantial monetary judgments or otherwise. While our companies take the steps deemed necessary to comply with all laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that rapidly
changing safety standards will not render unsaleable products that complied with previously-applicable safety standards. As a result, these types of claims could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, results of operations and financial
condition.
Some of our businesses are subject to certain risks associated with the movement of businesses offshore.
Some of our businesses are potentially at risk of losing business to competitors operating in lower cost countries. An additional risk is the movement
offshore of some of our businesses customers, leading them to procure products or services from more closely located companies. Either of these factors could negatively impact our financial condition, business and results of operations.
Loss of key customers of some of our businesses could negatively impact financial condition.
Some of our businesses have significant exposure to certain key customers, the loss of which could negatively impact our financial condition, business
and results of operations.
Our businesses are subject to certain risks associated with their foreign operations or business they
conduct in foreign jurisdictions.
Some of our businesses have and may have operations or conduct business outside the United States.
Certain risks are inherent in operating or conducting business in foreign jurisdictions, including exposure to local economic conditions; difficulties in enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through certain foreign legal systems; longer
payment cycles for foreign customers; adverse currency exchange controls; exposure to risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates; potential adverse changes in political environments; withholding taxes and
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restrictions on the withdrawal of foreign investments and earnings; export and import restrictions; difficulties in enforcing intellectual property rights; and required compliance with a variety
of foreign laws and regulations. These risks individually and collectively have the potential to negatively impact our financial condition, business and results of operations.
New regulations related to conflict minerals may force certain of our businesses to incur additional expenses, may make the supply chain of such businesses more complex and may result in damage to
the customer relationships of such businesses.
In August 2012, as mandated by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act of 2010, the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated final rules regarding disclosure of the use of certain minerals and their derivatives, including tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold, known as conflict minerals, if
these minerals are necessary to the functionality or production of the companys products. These regulations require such issuers to report annually whether or not such minerals originate from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and
adjoining countries and in some cases to perform extensive due diligence on their supply chains for such minerals.
The implementation of
these new requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of conflict minerals used in the manufacturing processes for certain products of our businesses. In addition, some of our businesses may incur additional costs to
comply with the disclosure requirements, including costs related to determining the source of any of the relevant minerals used in the products of certain of our businesses. Since the supply chain of certain of our businesses is complex, the due
diligence procedures implemented may not enable such businesses to ascertain the origins for these minerals or determine that these minerals are DRC conflict-free, which may harm the reputation of some of our businesses. Some of our businesses may
also face difficulties in satisfying customers who may require that our products be certified as DRC conflict-free, which could harm relationships with such customers and lead to a loss of revenue. These new requirements also could have the effect
of limiting the pool of suppliers from which some of our businesses source these minerals, and we may be unable to obtain conflict-free minerals at competitive prices, which could increase costs and adversely affect the manufacturing operations and
profitability of certain of our businesses. Any one or a combination of these various factors could negatively impact our financial condition, business and results of operations.
The proposed spending cuts imposed by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA) could impact the operating results and profit of our businesses.
The U.S. government continues to focus on developing and implementing spending, tax, and other initiatives to stimulate the economy, create jobs, and
reduce the deficit. One of these initiatives, the BCA, imposes greater constraints on government spending. In an attempt to balance decisions regarding defense, homeland security, and other federal spending priorities, the BCA immediately imposed
spending caps that contain approximately $487 billion in reductions to the Department of Defense (DoD) base budgets over a ten-year period ending in 2021. The BCA also provides for an automatic sequestration process, originally slated to
commence in January 2013, that imposes additional cuts of approximately $50 billion per year to the currently proposed DoD budgets for each fiscal year beginning with 2013 and continuing through 2021. On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer
Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA) was signed into law, which among other things effectively delayed the implementation of the automatic sequestration process by approximately two months and reduced the spending cuts that were scheduled to occur
during 2013 in proportion to the delay. Although we cannot predict whether the automatic sequestration process will be allowed to proceed as set forth in ATRA and the BCA, or whether it will be further modified by new or additional legislation, a
significant decline in overall U.S. government or DoD spending, a substantial reduction or elimination of particular defense-related programs or significant delays in contract or task order awards could have a material adverse effect on our
businesses, result of operations and financial condition.
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Risks Related to Advanced Circuits
Unless Advanced Circuits is able to respond to technological change at least as quickly as its competitors, its services could be rendered obsolete, which could materially adversely affect its
financial condition, business and results of operations.
The market for Advanced Circuits services is characterized by rapidly
changing technology and continuing process development. The future success of its business will depend in large part upon its ability to maintain and enhance its technological capabilities, retain qualified engineering and technical personnel,
develop and market services that meet evolving customer needs and successfully anticipate and respond to technological changes on a cost-effective and timely basis. Advanced Circuits core manufacturing capabilities are for 2 to 12 layer
printed circuit boards. Trends towards miniaturization and increased performance of electronic products are dictating the use of printed circuit boards with increased layer counts. If this trend continues Advanced Circuits may not be able to
effectively respond to the technological requirements of the changing market. If it determines that new technologies and equipment are required to remain competitive, the development, acquisition and implementation of these technologies may require
significant capital investments. It may be unable to obtain capital for these purposes in the future, and investments in new technologies may not result in commercially viable technological processes. Any failure to anticipate and adapt to its
customers changing technological needs and requirements or retain qualified engineering and technical personnel could materially adversely affect its financial condition, business and results of operations.
Advanced Circuits customers operate in industries that experience rapid technological change resulting in short product life cycles and as a
result, if the product life cycles of its customers slow materially, and research and development expenditures are reduced, its financial condition, business and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
Advanced Circuits customers compete in markets that are characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and continuous
improvement in products and services. These conditions frequently result in short product life cycles. As professionals operating in research and development departments represent the majority of Advanced Circuits net sales, the rapid
development of electronic products is a key driver of Advanced Circuits sales and operating performance. Any decline in the development and introduction of new electronic products could slow the demand for Advanced Circuits services and
could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, business and results of operations.
Electronics manufacturing services
corporations are increasingly acting as intermediaries, positioning themselves between PCB manufacturers and OEMS, which could reduce operating margins.
Advanced Circuits OEM customers are increasingly outsourcing the assembly of equipment to third party manufacturers. These third party manufacturers typically assemble products for multiple
customers and often purchase circuit boards from Advanced Circuits in larger quantities than OEM manufacturers. The ability of Advanced Circuits to sell products to these customers at margins comparable to historical averages is uncertain. Any
material erosion in margins could have a material adverse effect on Advanced Circuits financial condition, business and results of operations.
Risks Related to American Furniture Manufacturing
Competition from larger furniture
manufacturers may adversely affect American Furniture Manufacturings business and operating results.
The residential
upholstered furniture industry is highly competitive. Certain of American Furniture Manufacturings competitors are larger, have broader product lines and offer widely-advertised, well-known, branded products. If such larger competitors
introduce additional products in the promotional segment of the upholstered furniture market, the segment in which American Furniture Manufacturing primarily participates, it may negatively impact American Furniture Manufacturings market share
and financial performance.
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The continued economic downturn has impacted AFMs ability to meet the financial covenant
requirements of its credit facility pursuant to which we are the lender. We are both the majority shareholder and lender to AFM and further deterioration in the business environment in which AFM operates could affect our relationship with AFM.
AFMs results of operations are affected by many economic factors, including the level of economic activity in the markets in
which AFM operates. The retail promotional furniture business has been impacted by a variety of factors relating to the recent economic downturn, including high unemployment, lack of consumer credit, increased fuel costs and the depressed
housing market. To ensure on-going compliance with the financial covenants of AFMs credit facility, we, in our capacity as the majority shareholder of AFM, contributed equity proceeds of approximately $3.5 million in 2012. While we
continue to be confident in AFMs ability to execute on its business strategy as described in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below, if unfavourable economic conditions continue to
challenge the furniture industry we may seek strategic alternatives with respect to our investment in AFM.
Risks Related to Tridien
Certain of Tridiens products are subject to regulation by the FDA.
Certain of Tridiens mattress products are Class II devices within Section 201(h) of the Federal FDCA (21 USC §321(h), and, as such,
are subject to the requirements of the FDCA and certain rules and regulations of the FDA. Prior to our acquisition of Tridien, one of its subsidiaries received a warning letter from the FDA in connection with certain deficiencies identified during a
regular FDA audit, including noncompliance with certain design control requirements, certain of the good manufacturing practice regulations defined in 21 C.F.R. 820 and certain record keeping requirements. Tridiens subsidiary has undertaken
corrective measures to address the deficiencies and continues to fully cooperate with the FDA. Tridien is vulnerable to actions that may be taken by the FDA which have a material adverse effect on Tridien and/or its business. The FDA has the
authority to inspect without notice, and to take any disciplinary action that it sees fit.
A change in Medicare Reimbursement
Guidelines may reduce demand for Tridiens products.
Certain changes in Medicare Reimbursement Guidelines may reduce demand for
medical support surfaces and have a material effect on Tridiens operating performance.
Two of Tridiens largest customers
represented approximately 59.4% of its gross sales in 2012.
Tridien has significant exposure to two key customers. The loss of either
customer could negatively impact Tridiens financial condition, business and results of operations.
Section 4191 of the
Internal Revenue Code imposes a 2.3% excise tax on the sale of certain medical devices by the manufacturer or importer of the device beginning January 1, 2013.
If Tridien is unable to pass the tax on to its customers, such tax may have a material adverse effect on gross profit, operating income and CAD.
Risks Related to Fox
Growth in popularity of alternative recreational activities may
reduce demand for mountain bikes and off road products which would reduce demand for Foxs products.
Mountain biking and other
off-road sports compete against numerous recreational activities for share of time and spend of enthusiasts. Any growth in popularity of other outdoor activities at the expense of mountain biking and off-road sports could lead to a decrease in
demand for the companys products and could materially adversely affect Foxs financial condition, business and results of operations.
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Risks Related to Arnold
Changes in the cost and availability of certain rare earth minerals and magnets could materially harm Arnolds business, financial condition and results of operations.
Arnold manufactures precision magnetic assemblies and high-performance rare earth magnets including Samarium Cobalt magnets. Arnold is especially
susceptible to changes in the price and availability of certain rare earth materials. The price of these materials has fluctuated significantly in recent years and we believe price fluctuations are likely to occur in the future. Arnolds need
to maintain a continuing supply of rare earth materials makes it difficult to resist price increases and surcharges imposed by its suppliers. Arnolds ability to pass increases in costs for such materials through to its customers by increasing
the selling prices of its products is an important factor in Arnolds business. We cannot guarantee that Arnold will be able to maintain an appropriate differential at all times. If costs for rare earth materials increase, and if Arnold is
unable to pass along, or is delayed in passing along, those increases to its customers, Arnold will experience reduced profitability. Rare earth minerals and magnets are available from a limited number of suppliers, primarily in China. Political and
civil instability and unexpected adverse changes in laws or regulatory requirements, including with respect to export duties, quotas or embargoes, may affect the market price and availability of rare earth materials, particularly from China. If a
substantial interruption should occur in the supply of rare earth materials, Arnold may not be able to obtain other sources of supply in a timely fashion, at a reasonable price or as would be necessary to satisfy its requirements. Accordingly, a
change in the supply of, or price for, rare earth minerals and magnets could materially harm Arnolds business, financial condition and results of operations
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